1、本科毕业论文外文翻译译文标题倦怠综合征和心理卫生工作者的工作满意度的关系资料来源社会工作学系，萨格勒布大学法律系，克罗地亚萨格勒布作者伊莲娜，西尔维娅，LEAZOREC倦怠综合征是一种职业压力研究的跨学科领域主题。它被定义为慢性工作压力持续的反应，包括情绪耗竭，消极的态度和对服务（人格解体）的受助人的感情，和一个低素养和专业衰竭的感觉。情绪耗竭涉及情绪过度耗尽一个人的工作，导致在能源和全身无力的感觉。人格解体是指对患者和唯心主义的损失，在工作中的人情味和绝情的态度发展。个人成就感降低的感觉，是指缺乏能力和个人成就感。倦怠综合征是用在专业人员（护士，医生，心理学家和社会工作者），教育，人力资源专
2、业人员等中最常见的研究。在精神卫生工作者，职业压力的来源大多是在医疗保健系统运作的困难，如时间上的压力，慢性疲劳，在病人护理方面的不确定性，要求苛刻的慢性病患者，在工作中的人际关系较差和角色模糊。此外，常接触到患者的工作被认为是导致倦怠综合征的最重要因素之一。20世纪90年代，在克罗地亚进行了多项关于职业压力的研究，用力帮助职业倦怠综合征，结果显示缺勤和劳动生产率下降对工人的健康和经济损失的负面影响。此外，最近的一些研究已经确定了个人，人际交往和组织工作满意度、职业压力相关的因素。在卫生保健的倦怠综合症状，并已证实了工作满意度低和倦怠综合征之间的相关性。工作满意度低，可能会导致就业的流动性和旷
3、工的情况增加，这可能会降低医疗服务的效率。在以往的研究中，工作满意度和职业倦怠综合症之间的关系被认为从两个方面的因素来看原因和结果。还有员工的态度、心理和身体健康、生产力、矿工和不同形式的工作行为的影响。最近一些的研究表明，社会工作者和护士在精神卫生保健工作方面的满意度低于其他专业的工作人员。在英国和加拿大进行了一些研究，研究人员证实了精神卫生工作者的工作满意度较低，然而另外的几项研究显示结果正好相反，即在这些专业人员中的工作满意度是极高的。其中，接触职业压力导致的心理和生理反应的强度和表现形式取决于个性特征和环境因素。在帮助专业职业压力最普遍的表现包括情绪耗竭，人格解体和病人的非人性化的感觉
4、，旷工，身体健康受损，降低个人满意度等。有研究表明，与一般人群和其他专业相比，社会工作者患有与他们的职业有关的焦虑和抑郁病症的程度比较高。这项研究的目的是为了检查倦怠综合征和工作满意度之间的关系，并确定独立预测因素，如工作满意度和职业压力的表现，心理健康工作者的职业倦怠综合征。组成了一个由174心理卫生工作者的样本，采用滚雪球的方法，根据员工的可用性和愿意参与这项研究。有139名妇女，占有799的比例和35名男性，占有201的比例。他们的年龄介于20至64岁。有86名护士共占494，27名社会工作者共占155，61名精神科医生共占351。在精神卫生保健领域不到10年，就有54例年龄介于11和2
5、0岁之间，所占比例为310，43例年龄介于21岁和30岁之间所占比例为247，和32例所占比例为184，他们受雇超过了30年。丧偶参与者为17，已婚并与配偶居住占651，离婚了占70，居住与合作伙伴或为单占256。这项研究是在2007年3月开始的，为期12个月，3州精神病医院和克罗地亚的12个精神科诊所（该机构的名称是从作者提供的，他们这里没有提到保留一位不愿透露姓名的参与者）。通过邮寄问卷返回，在六月和十月发送两次提醒，整体回应率为50。参与这项研究是自愿的。我们使用了一个人口调查问卷，以收集性别，年龄，职业，服务年资，婚姻状况和儿童，和三个结构式问卷数量上的数据，如下工作满意度调查，克罗地
6、亚MASLACH倦怠量表的版本，和职业压力问卷的表现。工作满意度调查措施与9方面的工作满意度（收费，进步，监督，福利，奖励，管理规则，同事，工作性质和通信）。它由36个项目。每个项目形成了规模从1（非常不同意）到5（非常同意）SELFREPORT评级。调查问卷已在大量的研究和使用已被证明是可靠的（091）测量工作满意度。由于首次大范围的用于克罗地亚的精神卫生工作者，我们测试其度量的特征，并发现他们满意规模呈正态分布（柯尔莫哥洛夫斯米尔诺夫078，P00011089175ANDGOODINTERNALCONSISTENCY088FACTORANALYSISRESULTEDIN4SIGNIFICA
7、NTPRINCIPALDIMENSIONSACCORDINGTOKAISERGUTTMANSCRITERIONANDTHESCREETEST,ANDTHEPERCENTAGEOFEXPLAINEDVARIANCEBY4SIGNIFICANTDIMENSIONSBEFOREROTATIONWAS4103BYANALYZINGTHELOADINGSOFTHEINDIVIDUALMANIFESTVARIABLE,WEESTABLISHEDTHATJOBSATISFACTIONCANBEEXPLAINEDUSINGTHEFOLLOWINGLATENTDIMENSIONSJOBANDREWARDSSAT
8、ISFACTION1734,SATISFACTIONWITHTHESUPERIORANDCOLLEAGUES2280,ADVANCEMENTANDBENEFITSSATISFACTION3196,ANDWORKCLIMATESATISFACTION4184THECRONBACHRELIABILITYCOEFFICIENTWAS068FORTHEDIMENSIONOFWORKCLIMATESATISFACTION,073FORADVANCEMENTANDBENEFITSSATISFACTION,079FORSATISFACTIONWITHTHESUPERIORANDCOLLEAGUES,AND0
9、81FORTHEDIMENSIONOFJOBANDREWARDSATISFACTIONINVENTORYINCLUDES22ITEMSONA7POINTLIKERTTYPEFREQUENCYSCALE0NEVER1AFEWTIMESAYEARORLESS2ONCEAMONTHORLESS3AFEWTIMESAMONTH4ONCEAWEEK5AFEWTIMESAWEEK6EVERYDAYTHEITEMSWEREDISTRIBUTEDINTHREEDIMENSIONS,ASFOLLOWSEMOTIONALEXHAUSTION,DEPERSONALIZATION,ANDPERSONALACCOMPL
10、ISHMENTHIGHRESULTSONTHEQUESTIONNAIREIMPLYHIGHRESULTSONTHEEMOTIONALEXHAUSTIONANDDEPERSONALIZATIONSCALESANDLOWERRESULTSONPERCEIVEDREDUCEDPERSONALACCOMPLISHMENTSCALECRONBACHCOEFFICIENTOFINTERNALCONSISTENCYWAS088FOREMOTIONALEXHAUSTION,072FORDEPERSONALIZATION,AND067FORPERCEIVEDREDUCEDPERSONALACCOMPLISHME
11、NTFACTORANALYSISOFMASLACHBURNOUTINVENTORYRESULTEDIN3SIGNIFICANTPRINCIPALDIMENSIONSACCORDINGTOKAISERGUTTMANSCRITERIONANDTHESCREETESTASFOLLOWSEMOTIONALEXHAUSTION1593,DEPERSONALIZATION2326,ANDPERCEIVEDREDUCEDPERSONALACCOMPLISHMENT3165THEPERCENTAGEOFEXPLAINEDVARIANCEBY3SIGNIFICANTDIMENSIONSBEFOREROTATIO
12、NWAS4931THECRONBACHRELIABILITYCOEFFICIENTWAS084FOREMOTIONALEXHAUSTION,080FORDEPERSONALIZATION,AND076FORPERCEIVEDREDUCEDPERSONALACCOMPLISHMENTTHESUBSCALESSHOWEDGOODINTERNALCONSISTENCY,ALLOWINGTHEFORMATIONOFCOMPOSITESCORESTHEMANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSCONSISTSOF22LIKERTTYPEITEMSRANGINGFROM1“NEV
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14、INTEDTOAHIGHRELIABILITYOFTHETOOL092THEFACTORANALYSISAFTERVARIMAXROTATIONSHOWEDATHREEFACTORLATENTSTRUCTUREACCORDINGTOTHEKAISERGUTTMANCRITERIONANDTHESCREETEST,THEDIMENSIONSBEINGASFOLLOWSTHEFREQUENCYOFNEGATIVEEMOTIONALANDBEHAVIORALREACTIONSTOWARDPATIENTSANDCOLLEAGUES1921,THEFREQUENCYOFTHEPSYCHOLOGICALM
15、ANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESS2219,ANDTHEFREQUENCYOFTHEPHYSICALMANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONOCCUPATIONALSTRESS3163,ANDTHEYACCOUNTEDFOR5924OFTHEVARIANCETHECRONBACHRELIABILITYCOEFFICIENTWAS074FORTHEFREQUENCYOFTHEPSYCHOLOGICALMANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESS,090FORTHEFREQUENCYOFTHEPHYSICALMANIFESTATI
16、ONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESS,AND092FORTHEFREQUENCYOFNEGATIVEEMOTIONALANDBEHAVIORALREACTIONSTOWARDPATIENTSANDCOLLEAGUESTODETERMINETHEASSOCIATIONBETWEENTHEMEASURES,PEARSONCORRELATIONCOEFFICIENTWASCALCULATEDTHECORRELATIONSBETWEENRESULTSWEREMEASUREDONTHEDIMENSIONSFACTORPOINTSDERIVEDFROMTHEFACTORIALSOLUTIONSO
17、FEACHINSTRUMENTPREDICTIVEVALUEOFJOBSATISFACTIONANDMANIFESTATIONOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSFOREACHBURNOUTDIMENSIONWASTESTEDBYSTEPWISEREGRESSIONANALYSISSTATISTICALANALYSISWASPERFORMEDWITHTHESPSS,VERSION130SPSSINC,CHICAGO,IL,USATHELEVELOFSTATISTICALSIGNIFICANCEWASSETATP005CORRELATIONBETWEENBURNOUTSYNDROME,JOB
18、SATISFACTION,ANDMANIFESTATIONOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSDIMENSIONSWHENCORRELATIONBETWEENBURNOUTANDJOBSATISFACTIONDIMENSIONSWASEXAMINED,ALLTHREEBURNOUTSYNDROMEDIMENSIONSWERESIGNIFICANTLYCORRELATEDWITHTHEWORKCLIMATESATISFACTIONWHILEEMOTIONALEXHAUSTIONANDDEPERSONALIZATIONWEREMODERATELYCORRELATEDWITHWORKCLIMAT
19、ESATISFACTION,PERSONALACCOMPLISHMENTANDWORKCLIMATESATISFACTIONWERECORRELATEDTOALOWBUTSIGNIFICANTDEGREEOFOTHERJOBSATISFACTIONDIMENSIONS,ONLYTHEREWARDSSATISFACTIONWASNEGATIVELYCORRELATEDWITHEMOTIONALEXHAUSTIONWHENTHECORRELATIONBETWEENBURNOUTANDMANIFESTATIONOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSDIMENSIONSWASEXAMINED,THE
20、REWASASIGNIFICANTCORRELATIONBETWEENEMOTIONALEXHAUSTIONANDFREQUENCYOFPSYCHOLOGICALANDPHYSICALMANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSINADDITION,DEPERSONALIZATIONWASSIGNIFICANTLYCORRELATEDWITHTHEFREQUENCYOFNEGATIVEEMOTIONALANDBEHAVIORALREACTIONSTOWARDPATIENTSANDCOLLEAGUES,ANDWITHPSYCHOLOGICALMANIFESTATIONSO
21、FSTRESSINTERESTINGLY,PERCEIVEDACCOMPLISHMENTDIDNOTCORRELATEWITHTHEMANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSDIMENSIONSCORRELATIONBETWEENJOBSATISFACTIONANDMANIFESTATIONOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSINORDERTOOBTAINAMOREACCURATEINSIGHTINTOPREDICTIONOFBURNOUTSYNDROMEUSINGTHEDIMENSIONSOFJOBSATISFACTIONANDMANIFESTATIONSOFO
22、CCUPATIONALSTRESS,ITWASNECESSARYTOINTERPRETINTERCORRELATIONSOFTHEVARIABLESTHATWERETAKENASPREDICTORSPEARSONCOEFFICIENTSOFTHEBIVARIATEINTERCORRELATIONSBETWEENTHEDIMENSIONSOFJOBSATISFACTIONANDTHEDIMENSIONSOFMANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSSHOWEDTHATTHEFREQUENCYOFNEGATIVEEMOTIONALANDBEHAVIORALREACTION
23、STOWARDPATIENTSANDCOLLEAGUESWASINASMALLBUTSIGNIFICANTLYNEGATIVECORRELATIONWITHTHEWORKCLIMATESATISFACTIONANDWITHTHEADVANCEMENTANDBENEFITSATISFACTIONTHESATISFACTIONWITHSUPERIORSANDCOLLEAGUESWASSIGNIFICANTLYNEGATIVELYCORRELATEDWITHTHEFREQUENCYOFTHEPHYSICALMANIFESTATIONSOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESS,WHILETHEREWA
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25、ESTATIONOFOCCUPATIONALSTRESSDIMENSIONSTHEDATAWEREFURTHERSUBJECTEDTO3STEPWISEREGRESSIONANALYSES,WHERETHEFREQUENCYOFPSYCHOLOGICALANDPHYSICALSYMPTOMS,NEGATIVEEMOTIONALANDBEHAVIORALREACTIONSTOWARDCOLLEAGUESANDPATIENTS,ANDEACHDIMENSIONOFJOBSATISFACTIONWERETAKENASPREDICTORVARIABLESTHECRITERIONVARIABLESWERETHETHREEDIMENSIONSOFBURNOUTSYNDROME
