1、 There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _ it must be given over general langu
2、age development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become the only focal point of his teachers interest, clearly a _4_child will be likely to “play safe”. He w
3、ill tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid _5_ language. Thats why teachers often _6_ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experie
4、nce : “ This work is _7_ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的 ).” It may have been a sharP_8_ of the pupilstechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which _9_ some beautiful expressions of
5、the childs deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the childs ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more _10_ to seek improvement. A)priority B)critic ism C)contained D)clearlyE)a
6、dventurous F ) discourage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed Answers: 1. 选 I )。 由该句中的 has 可知,此处应填动词过去式,且表达的含义应和后面的 considerunimportant 相近,故应排除 contained 和 expressed 而选择 ignored 。 2. 选 A )。 此处应填名词,但能与后面 over 构成固定搭配的名词只有 prio
7、rity ,故排除 了 criticism 和 motivation 。 3. 选 M). 由空格前面的 and 可知,此处应填副词和 freely 并列。从句意来理解,在没有拼写困难的情况下,怎样鼓励学生自由且 地表达自己,选项中只有 confidently “自信地 “符合题 意。 4. 选 N )。 很明显这里应填形容词,选项中 terrible , difficult 后接事物名词 something ,只有 adventurous 和 bright 可用来形容 somebody ( child ),再由后面的 play safe“不冒险 ”,可排除 adventurous 而选择 b
8、right。 5. 选 E )。 由前一句中的 be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的 avoid 可以推知,此处所填词的意思应与 play safe 表达的意思相反,故选项 中只有 adventurous 符合题意。 6. 选 K )。 很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时,可选项有 encourage 和 persuade 。由 Thats why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系,而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章,从而选择避免用那些不会的词,故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典,因此排除 persuade 而选 encourage。 7. 选 H )。
9、 此处应填形容词。由空格后面的 too many spelling errors 和 illegible 可知,这篇文章是写的很糟,而不是很难理解。故排除 difficult 而选 terrible。 8. 选 B )。 此处应填名词。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher 可知,前半句是在指责学生,故选项中只有 criticism 符合题意。 9. 选 C )。 此处填动词过去式,本句中由 which 引导的从句是对 essay 的解释,剩余选项中 contained 和 expressed ,根据句意,文章 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达,故只有 conta
10、ined 符合题意。 10. 选 G )。 此处应填名词。根据句意,如果老师更注重学生思想的表达的话,会给学生更大的动力去寻求提高;故排除 motive “动机,原因 ”而选 motivation 。 As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department
11、is interested in discussions with the employees about pay. If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, that new pay structure will need agree
12、ment between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in “points“, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a s
13、pecial method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation system based on points. In attempti
14、ng to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary enco
15、uragement schemes are often chosen, for _10_ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. Acompare Bresponsible Cuseful Dadded Efind Freference Gindirect Hmethod Isuccessful Jcombined KNecessarily Lcapacity Mability NBasically Oadopt Answers: 1.选 B 此处应填形容词。原文
16、意思为 “会计部门 .计算报酬 ”,选项中的形容词responsible“负责任的 ”, useful“有用的 ”, indirect“间接的 ”, successful“成功的 ”,其中 indirect不能与 for 连用,排除;剩余几项中只有 B) responsible 意义符合原句,其他均不符合,故排除。 2.选 O 此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题,选项中的动词原形有 compare“比较 ”, find“找到 ”, adopt“采纳 ”,分别带入原文,只有 adopt 最符合原文意思,故选 O). 3.选 H 此处应填名词。从原文看, an
17、d 连接并列结构,所以要填的词应与 and 后面的ways 意思一致,选项中的名词只有 mathod = ways,故选 H) method。 4.选 I 此处应填形容词。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法,说的是制度 “是否有用 ”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题,劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容词 useful 和 successful, I) seccessful 更符合原文意思。 5.选 D 此处应填动词。这个动词的宾语是 point“分值 ”,把分值 .起来 to give a total value“得出总分值 “,选项中有
18、added 和 combined,前者指 “把 .相加 ”,后者意为 “把 .结合在一起 ”,原文指将分值相加得出总分,故 D) added 最符合文意。 6.选 M 此处应填名词。首先 solve problem“解决问题 ”是经理们应具备的能力,选项中的 capacity 与 ability 都可以表示 “能力 ”;前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力,而后者强调实际应用的能力,故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用 M) ability。 7.选 F 此处应填名词。前半句指出 “因为管理工作很难评估,经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评估系统决定。 ”without reference to
19、为固定搭配,意思是 “与 .无关 ”。故选 F)reference。 8.选 A 此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了 the value of each job“每种工作的价值 ”和 these in the job market“工作市场上的(工作价值) ”,说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有 compare 表示 “比较 ”,所以 A)正确。 9.选 K 此处应填副词,修饰整句话。 “报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变 ”,选项中 Necessarily“必须地 ”与 Basically“基本地 ”为副词,分别带入原文, “报酬 .的变化是必须的 ”更符合上下文意思,故
20、排除 N),选 K)。 10.选 G 此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即 simple to measure the work done“易于评估的工作 “,通常用现金奖励办法;而 .measurement is difficult“难于评估的 ”,说明这些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接,因而是间接的,故选项中只有 G) indirect 符合原句的意思。 Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always _1_ such people, but I also explain that theresa big d
21、ifference between “being a writer“ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of _2_ and fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter. “Youve got to want to write,“ I say to them, “not want to be a writer.“The reality is that writing is a _3_, private and poor-paying affair. For ever
22、y writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never _4_. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter(自由撰稿人 ), I had no _5_ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that i
23、t was _6_and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a _7_ writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to _8_ myself. It was so hard to sell a storythat _9_ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for
24、 years. I wasnt going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with _10_and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.A) barely B) genuine C) rewarded D) doubtE) lone
25、ly F) poverty G) persuade H) prospectsI) uncertainty J)impossibly K) encourage L)awardedM) alone N)wealth O)cold Answers:1.选 K)。 此处应填动词的原形。可选项有 doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由 always推知,作者是在鼓励那些想要成为作家的人,而不是怀疑也不是说服,故排除 doubt 和persuade 而选 encourage。 2.选 N)。由空格后的 fame 可知,此处应填名词。可选项有 prospects 和 wealth,但由
26、dreaming of 与第二段中 The reality is. poor-paying 可推知,那些想当作家的人梦想的是金钱和名誉,而不是前途,故排除 prospects 而选 wealth。 3.选 E)。此处应填形容词, private, poor-paying 一起修饰 affair。选项中有 lonely 和 alone,能修饰 affair 的只有 lonely,alone 表示 “孤独的 ”时,通常作表语,故排除 alone 而选 lonely。 4.选 C)。此处应填动词的被动形式。可选项有 rewarded 和 awarded,前者可表示 “(为所希望的举动得到的)回报 ”
27、,后者作动词时表示 “颁发,授予 ”,故只有 rewarded 符合题意而排除 awarded。 5.选 H)。此处应填名词。 “当我辞别了我在美国海岸警卫队 20 年工作成为一个自由撰稿人时,没有任何 .可言 ”,可选项有 prospects 和 wealth,但 wealth 一般指抽象意义上的 “金钱 ”,因此排除 wealth 而 选 prospects“前途 ”。 6.选 O)。 it 指代的是 apartment building,从 had no bathroom 可知这个公寓条件很差,选项中只有 cold 能说明公寓的条件差,故选择 O)cold。 7.选 B)。 “我马上买了
28、一台旧的手动打字机,感觉自己就好像是一个 .的作家 ”,由前面提到的 to become a freelance writer 可推知,此处作者是想成为一个真正的作家,故选项中只有 genuine“真正的 ”符合题意。 8.选 D)。由空格前的 to 可知,此处应填动词 的原形。可选项有 doubt,persuade,encourage,但由 still hadnt gotten a break“在写作上还没有任何进展 ”,所以此处应理解为他开始怀疑自己的选择是否正确,故 doubt 符合文意。 9.选 A)。 that 从句结构完整,后面有 made,故此处应填副词。可选项有 barely
29、和impossibly,因 that 引导的从句是对 story 的解释,再由 hard 一词可推知,此处应填的副词应表达肯定的意思,故排除 impossibly 而选 barely“仅仅,刚刚 ”。 10.选 I)。由空格后的 and 可知,此处应填名词。由 fear of failure 可知,所填词应表示不好的境遇,可选项有 poverty 和 uncertainty;又由 fear 可推知,此处强调的是生活的变化无常,而不是生活的贫困,故选 uncertainty。 Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some
30、 of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several _1_ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural _2_. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to _3_ to “England“ because their inhabitants are n
31、ot _4_ “English“. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is _5_ to the others. These cultural minorities(少数民族 ) have been Britains original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to _6_ their national characteristics, and
32、their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more ture of the _7_ areas where traditional ife has not been so affected by the _8_ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary
33、. The Scots could rather _9_ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic _10_ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Bu
34、rns, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few. Aincomprehensible Btemper Cremote Dseparate Eunderstandable Fforget Ggenerally Htemperament Ipreserve Jstrictly Ktraditional Lreserve Mgrowth Napply Obelong Answers: 1.选 D 此处应 填形容词,修饰名词 parts。文章首句即提出观点 Britain is not just one country and one peo
35、ple“英国不只是一个国家和一个民族 ”,又从后文的 invided into, each part以及 Individual country 可知英国被分成几个分离的部分,选项中只有 separate 表达了这个意思,故 D)正确。 2.选 K 此处应填名词。选项中有四个词 temper, temperament, traditions 和 growth,语言等是一个民族的文化传统,故这里 应该填 K) traditions,其他几个名词不符合上下文。 3.选 O 此处应填动词原形。前文中说明英国被分成独立的几部分,各自保存自己的文化传统;后文中 because.说明苏格兰、北爱尔兰以及威尔
36、士的居民不承认自己是 “English”,说明他们并不承认自己属于 “England”,故这里应该选择 O) belong。 apply 也可以和 to 连用,但 apply to 表示 “将 .应用于 ”,不符合上下文意思。 4.选 J 此处应填形容词或副词。选项中的副词有 generally 和 strictly,文中要表达 的意思是因为这几个部分都有自己的语言和文化传统,所以严格来说,他们不是 “English”,但他们都属于 English。故 J) strictly 符合文意。 generally“一般地,大体地 ”放在原文意义上不够严谨。三个形容词不能使语义通顺。 5.选 A 从前
37、文中 prefer to speak their own native tongue 即苏格兰语、苏格兰语和威尔士语,那么这些语言对 the others(见注释 1)来说是陌生的,听不懂的。那么就不难从选项中的 incomprehensible 和 understandable 中选择前者,故 A) incomprehensible“不能理解的 ”正确。 6.选 I 由 manage to 结构可知此处要填的是动词原形。选项中的动词原形还有 forget,preserve 和 reserve。从下文中 traditional life has not been so affected,可知他
38、们成功地保存了自己的传统,排除 forget; reserve 和 presserve 都有 “保存 ”的意思,前者指存留起来以派别的用场,后者指想办法保持原样,强调抵制破坏因素,故 I) preserve 符合文意 。 7.选 C 此处应填形容词。从后文 where traditional life has not been so affected by the . of industrialis“人们的传统生活受工业化 .的影响没有那么大的地方 “可以推知,这些地方是比较偏远的地方,选项中的 C) remote“偏僻的,遥远的 ”符合上下文意思。 8.选 Mborder area“边界地区
39、 ”的工业化发展的比 remote area 要快,所以此处要填的词是表示上升、增长的词,表示工业化的发展,选项 M) growth“增长,发展 ”符合上下文意思。 9.选 Fwould rather 和 prefer 意思相同,后面是宁愿让人记住他们的好的东西:民歌,舞蹈等。前面说的是过分节俭的坏名声,所以填入动词的意思应该与 remember 意思相反,选项中的 F) forget 符合上下文意思。 10.选 H 此处应填名词。选项中的名词还有 temper 和 temperament。前者指脾气,指情绪上的主要特征,后者指特征、气质,尤指带感 *彩的个性和在社交上的个性。这里指的是整个凯
40、尔特民族的特征,故 H) temperament 正确。 The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens(雅典 )in 1896and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nationman participants were tourists who _1_ to be in Greece atthe time. Though the whole affair was _2_ and the standardwas not high, the old principle of
41、 amateur sport was kept up.Since then the games had been held every four yearsexcept during the _3_ of the two World War. This was _4_ adeparture from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stoPandmake way for the games.The games have grown enormously in scale and _5_performances have now reached u
42、nprecedented heights.Unfortunately the same cannot be said about their _6_ standard.Instead of Olympia, the modern games are now held in differentcities all over the world. Inevitably politics and commercialismget involvedas countries vie each other for( 为 . 而互相竞争 ) the _7_ to hold the games because
43、 of the politicalprestige and commercial profit to be _8_ out of them. Inthe 11 th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newlycome to _9_ in Germany tried to use the occasion for hisNazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame wasbrought all the way from Olympia to the games site in
44、relays,a marathon journey now often taking months to _10_.A) honour B) accomplish C) had D) moralE) arrive F) occured G) end H) power I) happened J) definitely K) Physical L) informalM) interruption N) especially O) irregular ANSWERS : 1.选 I 空格中要填词为 who 引导的定语从句中的谓语动词,可知此处应填动词的过去式。可选项有 had, occurred
45、和 happened,首先空格所在的 who 引导的定语从句修饰的是tourists“游客 ”, happened to be in Greece“碰巧在希腊 ”是符合这样的语境的,而 had to “不得不 ”和 occur to 表示 “想起,想到 ”都不能使句意通顺。 2.选 L and 引导两个意思相近的并列结构,由 the standard was not high“标准不 高 ”可知,此处要填的是和 not high 语气一致的形容词,再由前两句可知,参赛的国家很少并且有很多很多游客参加了比赛,这说明这次比赛没有那么正式,选项中只有 informal 符合题意。选项irregula
46、r 则一般表示 “(形状)不规则的,(安排)无规律的 ”,与句意不符,故排除。 3.选 M 从句中的 except 可知在两次世界大战中没有比赛,说明的是奥运会因战争而中断。选项中有 end 和 interruption 可表示停止, end“终断 ”,表示某事中断后不再继续,interruption“中断 ”,表示某事中断后仍 然继续,故选择 interruption。 4.选 J 本句主系表结构完整,由此可知,此处应填副词,修饰整个句子。选项中有definitely 和 especially,从句意来理解,这 .违背了古老的奥林匹克精神,将 definitely“显然地 ”带入原文,符合原
47、文的意思;而 especially“特别地 ”表示强调,而此处表示的则是通过比较后得出结果,故排除 especially。 5. 选 K 奥林匹克比赛中的两个最重要的方面就是竞技水平和运动精神,由 grown enormously in scale 可知,现在参加奥林匹克运动会规模渐大,运动员逐渐增多,因此应理解为体育竞技水平达到了前所未有的高度,因此应选 physical。 6. 选 D 此处应填形容词。由 Unfortunately 和 because of the political prestige and commercial profit 可推出,不幸的是各国竞争举办奥运的目的是为
48、了政治威望与利益,可见此处说明的是与体育成绩相对应的运动会的道德水准没有得到相应的提高,选项中只有moral 符合题意。 7.选 A 此处应填名词。各国争夺举办奥运会, to hold the games 是一种实力象征,也是一种荣耀。选项中有 honour 和 power 可选, power 一般指 “(个人或团体所掌握或获得的)职权 ”,故排除 power 而选 honour“荣幸 ”。 8.选 C 此处应填动词的被动形式,这里考查的是动词 have 的一个搭配用法即 have something out of something“从 .中得到 .”,故这里选这 C) had,表示 “举办奥运会带来的政治威望和商业利润。 ” 9.选 H cme to power 是固定搭配,意为 “(开始 )掌权,上台 ”。 10.选 B 此处应填动词的原形。可选项有 accomplish,arrive 和 end,arrive 一般指 “到达(某地) ”, end 强调的是 “