1、武振龙,中国农业大学 2016-11-12 广州,乳酸菌与动物肠道健康,Drissi et al., 2016,Distribution of bacteria in human gastrointestinal tract,乳酸菌：常用的益生菌,Bacteria, Fungi, ProtozoaViruses,Enteric microbiome,乳酸菌分布与来源,Felis and Dellaglio, 2014,Plant: silageFermented foodGI tracts and organs221 Lacobacillus species,分布: 广,TheLactobac
2、illus species found in the GIT have received tremendous attention due to their health-promoting properties.,人肠道中的乳酸菌：1%(16S rDNA),APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Aug. 2008,仅少数乳酸菌有益生作用（20%）,动物肠道中乳酸菌：丰富（ 16S rDNA ）,乳酸菌(Lactic acid bacteria, LAB): 肠道中重要益生菌,我国农业部2013年公布可使用的微生物34个， 11个是乳酸菌,1950年，
3、FDA首次批准抗生素用作饲料添加剂; 瑞典：1986年首先提出来禁止饲料中添加抗生素; 丹麦：2000年起抗生素在兽医监督下使用欧盟：2006年全面禁止抗生素作为饲料添加剂美国：FDA从2014年起用3年时间禁止使用抗生素中国：2015年底在停用4种喹诺酮类（洛美、培氟、氧氟、诺氟沙星） 2016年11月停止硫酸黏杆菌素的饲料添加剂 2013年我国抗生素使用量为16.2万吨，52%为动物用,抗生素在畜牧生产中应用：,抗生素不规范使用带来食品安全、耐药细菌出现,禁止添加,促生长,Probiotics：lactic acid bacillusPrebioticsEnzymesNatural pro
4、ductsEssential oilsImmunostimulants Organic acids,Non therapeutic alternatives,J. Agric. Food Chem. 2014, 62, 860866,（一）提高猪的生长性能：哺乳仔猪,（一）提高猪的生长性能：肠绒毛发育,乳酸菌提高猪的生长性能：断奶仔猪,Kang DK, J Microbio (2016),Table 1 Effect ofLactobacillus plantarumZLP001 supplementation on growth performance of weaning,（一）提高猪的生
5、长性能：采食量,处理组：乳酸菌（好实沃猪用沃顺100），有效活菌数1.01010 CFU/g,乳酸菌提高猪的生长性能：生长猪,（一）提高猪的生长性能：减少腹泻发生,改善蛋品质、降低氨浓度,处理组：乳酸菌（好实沃禽用沃顺100），有效活菌数1.01010 CFU/g，108/kg feed,（二）改善肠屏障功能,营养物质吸收和利用防止肠腔中有害物质引起损伤,选择通透性,（二）改善肠屏障功能：粘蛋白的表达,乳酸菌,粘蛋白,？,Chadee K. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol (2007),Anderson et al., 2010,（二）改善肠屏障
6、功能：降低通透性,Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG prevents H2O2-induced disruption of tight junction protein in Caco-2 cell monolayers,Rao and Samak, 2013,Yang et al. BMC Microbiology (2015) 15:32,Lactobacillus modulates tight junction protein expression in newborn piglets,（三）维持内环境稳态：抗氧化功能,Intestinal balance betw
7、een oxidative stress and redox,（三）维持内环境稳态：抗氧化功能,Free radical scavenging activity of peptides in the soluble from skim milk proteins fermented by selected Lactobacillus,Elfahri et al., 2016,Int J Prev Med 2016;7:102,Lactobacillus fermentum Suo Attenuates HCl/Ethanol Induced Gastric Injury in Mice thr
8、ough Its Antioxidant Effects,Suo et al., 2016,（三）内环境稳态：促进细胞增殖,C,D,The EMBO Journal(2013)32,3017-3028,（四）免疫调节作用,Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum B1 on secreted IgA(sIgA) concentration in ileal mucosa,Peng et al., 2016,（四）免疫调节作用：sIgA分泌,L. plantarum TN8 mitigates the histological damage in distal colo
9、n of rats induced with TNBS colitis.,Trabelsi et al., 2016,（四）免疫调节作用：缓解炎性细胞浸润,（四）免疫调节作用：细胞因子表达,Ferreira Dos Santos et al., 2016,LGG：positive controlZJ615：Low adhesive strain of LactobacillusZJ617：high adhesive strain of Lactobacillus,Anaerobe22, 97103 (2013),Inflammatory cytokines,ZJ615(Low adhesive
10、 LB),ZJ617(High adhesive LB),Gao K, et al, Scientific Reports6,28332,免疫调节机理,Figure 3. Effect of various treatments on the gastrointestinal (GI) transit in the mouse model of activated carbon-induced constipation (n=10 per group),Exp Ther Med 2015 Jan;9(1):272-278.,（五）改善胃肠道蠕动，减少便秘发生,Effects of Lactob
11、acillus rhamnosus on chronic-alcohol-induced liver steatosis,Zhang et al., 2015,（六）调节糖脂代谢,Lactobacillus plantarum FH185 reduced adipocyte size of the epididymal fat pads in mice with diet-induced obesity,A. Normal diet; B. High fat diet; C. High fat diet + ABT-3; D. High fat diet + L. plantarum,Park
12、 et al., 2015,Lactobacillus ameliorates fructose-induced hepatic fatty acid accumulation,Yvonne Ritze et al., 2014,Effect of Lactobacillus GG on the severity of alcoholic steatohepatitis assessed by the total liver histology, liver necroinflammation scores, liver fat content and liver MPO level,Fors
13、yth et al., 2009,Yvonne Ritze et al., 2014,Mechanisms of action of probiotics in the GI tract,Nutritional benefitsContribute to the degradation of undigestable foodsBlock the effects of pathogenic bacteriaReduce pathogen bindingDecrease luminal pHProduce antibacterial bacteriocinsRegulate epithelial
14、 cell homeostasisEnhanced barrier functionPromote cytoprotective responsesImprove cell survivalIncrease mucin productionModulate intestinal immune functionReduce pro-inflammatory cytokinesPromote the secretion of IgA,优良乳酸菌株的选育,产酸力：pH3.84.0, 乳酸含量150-250mmol/L菌活性：胃肠停留时间，胆盐强度及水解活性益生作用：抑菌、益生、生长性能、肠道稳态安全
15、性评估：GRAS 标准基因工程手段：,饲料加工工艺改进：有效活菌数,冻干保护剂：糖、氨基酸低温喷雾干燥：多糖与蛋白质复配微胶囊包埋技术减少饲料加工、储存、运输对乳酸菌活性的影响：可耐受高温制粒、常温贮存（好实沃）,减少饲料加工、储存、运输对乳酸菌活性的影响,乳酸菌黏附及作用机理,Kang DK, J Microbio (2016),Acknowledgements:,Funding support:,National Basic Research Program of China,Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry (LNB)China Agricultural University,Laboratory of Nutritional BiochemistryChina Agricultural University (CAU),Thanks for your attention!,Tel : 010-62731003Email: ,
