1、类型四 摘录要点型咨询建议类Passage 1（2015 连云港）现在停止吸烟 我们可以帮助！In almost every US city and town, there are local organizations to help people stop smoking. One of the most popular and successful is the California Smokers Helpline. Here is a page from one of their leaflets.When you really want a cigarettetry the thr
2、ee Ds:1. Delay: Look at your watch and wait for a couple of minutes. If you can wait two minutes, you wont want to smoke.2.Drink something: If you drink water or some other drinks, you will reduce the need to have something in your mouth.3.Deep breathing: Breathe in slowly and deeply. Count to five
3、when your lungs are full. Then breathe out slowly. Repeat several times.And here are some ideas from Florida Anti-smoking Club to help people to give up smoking:1. Make a plan: Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Dont see those people and dont go to those places!2. Keep busy
4、: Instead of smoking, make a phone call, take a short walk or talk with a friend.3. Develop new interests: Exercisewalking, biking, jogging, swimming or taking a music classhelps you to forget about cigarettes.It is now against the law for anyone to smoke anywhere at any time in our schools. So set
5、a date, and act at once to give up smoking for your own good.Title: Stop Smoking NowWe Can Help!Passage outline Supporting detailsOrganizations to help stop smokingThere are local organizations to help stop smoking. Among them are California Smokers Helpline and Floridas Anti-smoking 1._. Delay your
6、 action. Delay for more than two minutes, and you will probably give up the want to smoke.Ways to helpstop smoking Drink something. Drink water or something else, and you can reduce the need to 2._. Deep breathing. Take a 3._ breath slowly, count to five, and then breathe out.Ideas to helpgive up sm
7、oking Keep busy doing something instead of smoking. Make a plan to 4._ meeting the friends who smoke and dont go to the places where you smoke. Develop new interests to help you forget about cigarettes.5._ to smokers For your own good, youd better set a date and act at once to give up smoking.【主旨大意】
8、本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两个戒烟组织并列举了它们各自提供的戒烟方法。California Smokers Helpline 给出了在人们想抽烟的时候的 3 条做法：延迟、喝点东西和深呼吸，Florida Anti-smoking Club 为了帮助人们戒烟也给出了 3 条建议：制定计划、让自己忙起来和发展新的兴趣。1. Club【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句“And here are some ideas from Florida Anti-smoking Club.”可知填 Club。2. smoke【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段 “When you really want
9、 a cigarette.”以及下面的第二条建议“Drink something：If you drink water or some other drinks, you will reduce the need to have something in your mouth.”可知当嘴里面需要有一些东西的时候可以喝水或其他饮品，联系上下文可知嘴里面有东西，也就是指的是吸烟，故填 smoke。3. deep【解析】细节理解题。由空前的 a 及空后的 breath 可知此处是形容词作定语，再根据文章第五段“Deep breathing：Breathe in slowly and deeply.”
10、可知填 deep。4. avoid【解析 】推理判断题。根据文章第七段 “Make a plan：Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Dont see those people and dont go to those places！”再结合题目可知此处表示不要见吸烟的朋友，也就是避免见吸烟的朋友，故填 avoid。5. Advice/Suggestion(s) 【解析 】推理判断题。通读文章最后一段可知此段是对还在吸烟的人提出的建议，可用 advice 或 suggestion(s)，小标题，首字母应大写，
11、故填Advice/Suggestion(s)。咨询建议类Passage 2如何做好的演讲We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us dont do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give a good speech.Try the following simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. First of all, stay
12、 calm. Try to stay calm by asking yourself the purpose of your speech. Next, be prepared. Collect as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time organizing your materials so that your speech is clear and easy to be followed. Use as many examples as possible and use pictures to make y
13、our points more clearly. Then, never forget your audience（观众）.Dont talk over their heads and dont talk down to them. Treat them with respect. One tip, just dont forget to be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.If you follow these s
14、imple steps, youll see that you are not afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable. Give it a try and see what happens.How to give a good speechIntroduction The article 1._ on how to give a good speech.Stay calm. 3._ the purpose of your speech.4._.Collect facts, spe
15、nd much time organizing your materials, and use examples and pictures.2._5._ your audience.Treat them with respect.One tip Be yourself.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何做好演讲给出了一些建议。主要介绍了如何保持冷静、充分准备、以及尊重观众三方面的内容。 1. gives some suggestions【 解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“This article gives some suggestions on how to give a goo
16、d speech.这篇文章就如何做好演讲给出了一 些建议。”可知答案。2. Steps【解析】推理判断题。根据右侧内容主要介绍做好演讲的步骤可知应填 steps。注意：首字母大写。3. Ask yourself 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Try to stay calm by asking yourself the purpose of your speech. 通过自问演讲的目的，努力保持冷静。 ”可知答案。4. Be prepared 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“ Next, be prepared.接下来，做好准备。”可知答案。注意：首字母大写。5. Never f
17、orget 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第八句“Then, never forget your audience（观众）.然后，不要忘记你的观众。 ”可知答案。 注意：首字母大写。说明介绍类Passage 3你害羞吗？How do you feel when you have to make a speech in front of the class or when you go to a birthday party? Do you get really shy?Shyness means feeling nervous or frightened when youre around o
18、ther people. Experts have found that more than 80 percent middle school students feel afraid to be the center of attention. Some kids are born shy. Some become shy later because of their life experiences.Its OK if it takes you a while to feel yourself again when you go to a new place or meet new peo
19、ple. In fact, everybody gets a little shy sometimes. Its just a cause of how much.Most people have red faces and talk in broken sentences when they get shy. But some become so shy that they wont go to a restaurant because they are too nervous to order and pay for the food. Some are afraid of meeting
20、 new people, so they seldom go outside. This kind of shyness can be bad for a person.If being shy doesnt stop you from doing something you want to do, it isnt a very big problem. Some experts say shy people are cleverer because they think more and talk less. Shy people are also good at working with
21、others because they think more for other people. Some great people in history were shy, too.You see, being shy isnt all bad.But remember not to let good opportunities pass by just because of it! If you have to sing a song at a birthday party or practice your spoken English in front of others, just d
22、o it! Theres nothing to be afraid of.What does shyness mean? It means feeling 1._ when you are around other people.This kind of shyness is not a big problem for a person.People have 2._ and talk in3._ when they get shy.This kind of shyness can be bad for a personSome people fear to meet new people，s
23、o they seldom 4._.The best title for the passage: 5._?【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了害羞的表现症状并且指出哪些症状会对人们有害，同时说明了害羞并非一无是处。最后强调了不要因为害羞而白白丧失一些好机会。1.nervous or frightened【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：它意味着_当你在他人周围感到。根据文章第二段第一句 Shyness means feeling nervous or frightened when youre around other people.可知答案。故填 nervous or frightened
24、。2.red faces【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当人们感到害羞时，他们会有_并说话_根据文章第四段第一句 Most people have red faces and talk in broken sentences when they get shy.可知答案。故填 red faces。3.broken sentences 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当人们感到害羞时，他们会脸红并说话_。根据文章第四段第一句 Most people have red faces and talk in broken sentences when they get shy.可知答案。故填 broken
25、 sentences。4.go outside【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：人们害怕见生人, 所以他们很少_。 根据文章第四段第三句 Some are afraid of meeting new people, so they seldom go outside.可知答案。故填 go outside。5.Are you shy【 解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：本文最好的题目是_。根据文章第一段最后一句、全文主旨及空后标点可知答案为 Are you shy。Passage 4美国运动In many parts of the world, there are four seasons:spring,
26、 summer, autumn and winter. In the U.S., there are only three:football, basketball and baseball.Thats not completely true, but almost. In every season, Americans have a ball. If you want to know what season it is, just look at what people are playing. For many Americans, sports do not just occupy th
27、e sidelines. They take center court.Besides“the big three”sports, Americans play a variety of other sports. In warm weather, people enjoy water sports. Lovers of surfing, sailing and scuba diving flock to the ocean. Swimmers and water skiers also revel in the wet stuff. Fisherman try their luck in p
28、onds, lakes and rivers. In winter, sportsmen delight in freezing fun.From the first snow, skiers hit the slopes. Frozen ponds and ice rinks become playgrounds for skating and hockey. People play indoor sports whatever the weather is like. Racquetball, weightlifting and bowling are year-round activit
29、ies.For many people in the U.S., sports are not just for fun. Theyre almost a religion. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes plays in person. Other fans watch the game at home, glued to their TV sets. Some fans never miss a game.Sports in AmericaB
30、ig three sports A variety of other sports Sports are a religionOutdoors sports 4._In warm weather 3._ 1._2._ such as surfing, sailing, scuba diving, swimming and water skiing.Skiing, skating and hockey.Racquetball, weightlifting and bowling.Sports fans 5._ in person or on TV.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动在美
31、国的多样性和影响。1. Football, basketball and baseball 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 “In the U.S., there are only three: football, basketball and baseball.”可得答案，注意首字母大写。2. Water sports 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“In warm weather, people enjoy water sports. Lovers of surfing , sailing and scuba diving flock to the ocean.”可得答案，
32、注意首字母大写。3. In cold weather/In winter 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第六、七、八句“In winter sportsmen delight in freezing fun. From the first snow, skiers hit the slopes. Frozen ponds and ice rinks become playgrounds for skating and hockey.”可得答案，注意首字母大写。4. Indoor sports 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“People play indoor sports whate
33、ver the weather is like. Racquetball, weightlifting and bowling are year-round activities.”可得答案，注意首字母大写。5. watch games 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Other fans watch the game at home, glued to their TV sets.”可得答案。文化类Passage 5澳大利亚的节日Have you ever studied abroad? Maybe it is an amazing experience, especially w
34、hen you come to Australia as a foreign high school student. You can have a lot of fun there, especially on holidays.There are many festivals in Australia. The most important one is Christmas. Each year, the summer holiday at every high school last about two months from the beginning of December to F
35、ebruary, which covers the Christmas time. Since it is a long holiday, most foreign students still stay in Australia during the holiday to get part-time jobs. It is quite easy to find a part-time job at Christmas. Students often take part in another major social activity. They go to the beach to have
36、 fun in the sunshine. And going to the beach in December is very popular with Australians.Easter in March is another important holiday in the year. It actually combines“Good Friday”and “Easter Monday”. Almost every shop closes on Good Friday. And people usually go to see Easter Show.Festivals in Aus
37、traliaSummer holidays From 1._ to FebruaryGoing to the 2._ The most popular activity in December3._ important holidays in AustraliaChristmas and EasterEaster It 4._ “Good Friday” and “Easter Monday”. Going to see 5._ The thing people usually do on Good Friday.【主旨大意】本文是一篇科普类说明文。介绍了澳大利亚的两大节日圣诞节和复活节。在澳
38、大利亚，暑假包含了圣诞节，因此学生们会做兼职并且找兼职很容易。而在复活节到来时，商店停止营业，人们常去观看复活节表演。1. December【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“ Each year, the summer holiday at every high school last about two months from the beginning of December to February, which covers the Christmas time.”可知应填 December。2. beach 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“And going to the
39、beach in December is very popular with Australians.”可知应填 beach。3. Two【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 “The most important one is Christmas.”和第三段第一句“Easter in March is another important holiday in the year. ”可知圣诞节和复活节是澳大利亚的两个重要节日。故填 two。注意首字母大写。4. combines【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 “It actually combinesGood Fridayand Eas
40、ter Monday.”可知应填 combines。5. Easter show 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Almost every shop closes on Good Friday. And people usually go to see Easter Show.”可得答案。志愿活动类Passage 6为慈善机构筹钱的方法Looking for a new way to raise money for charity(慈善)? Has your school run out of clever and fun ideas? Dont give up. There are
41、several ways to support your favorite charity.How about organizing a car wash? Everybody who has a car sooner or later washes it or has it washed. So why dont you and your classmates do the job? The money the car owners pay for having their cars washed will go towards your charity. When we did it, w
42、e had an amazing time! At first, some of us were worried about getting wet or dirty and its true. But we also had fun, and at the end of the day it was really worth it!On the other hand, if you dont feel like getting wet or messy, but have some musical talent, how about organizing a street concert?
43、Street musicians can make a lot of money, and so can you. If youve got the talent and courage it takes to play in front of an audience. You just need to find a suitable place, practice for a few hours with your friends first, and have a try!I hope the above ideas can help you a bit, and if youve got
44、 any other great suggestions, we would love to hear them and practice them, too. Good luck!Ways to 1._ for Charity2._ a car washEveryone who has a car need to wash it.The money the owner 3._ having their cars washed will go towards to the charity.We had fun and it was really worth.Organizing a stree
45、t concerttalent and couragefind a 4._ placepractice for a few hoursIf youve got any other great 5._，we would love to hear them and practice them.【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了为慈善机构筹钱的方法洗车和举办街头音乐会。旨在帮助大家找到更多筹钱做慈善的方法。1.Raise Money 【解析】标题归纳题。根据文章第一段第一句“Looking for a new way to raise money for charity(慈善)?”和最后一句“Th
46、ere are several ways to support your favorite charity.”可归纳出文章题目为 Ways to Raise Money for Charity（为慈善机构筹钱的方法） 。注意首字母大写。2.Organizing 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“How about organizing a car wash?”可知应填 Organizing（组织） 。注意首字母大写。3.pay for 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“The money the car owners pay for having their cars washed w
47、ill go towards your charity. ”可得答案。pay for 支付。4.suitable 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“You just need to find a suitable place, practice for a few hours with your friends first, and have a try!”可得答案。suitable 合适的。5.suggestions 【 解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“.if youve got any other great suggestions, we would love to hear them and practice them, too. ”可得答案。suggestions 建议。
