第七章 边界层理论及绕流运动 Background:Background: 粘性绕流的流动特征与粘性阻力,阻力产生与减阻。L. L. PrandtlPrandtl: a German (1904),近代流体力学的奠基人。 90% by swimmers shape; 10% by friction between skin or costume and the water. New fabric takes drag out of swimming New fabric takes drag out of swimming! !7.1 7.1 气流绕流流场的特征气流绕流流场的特征( (Characteristics of Flow Past an Characteristics of Flow Past an Object) Object) 边界层定义 边界层定义: :速度梯度很大的薄层,粘性在该薄层内起作用。 全流场分成二个流动区域(Plandtl BL Model) : d(x)u(x,y)xyU0oUe 平壁面绕流的边界层0.99UeUeLUeRe1尾涡区外部势流边界层流绕流流场