1 Introduction The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.The Civil War is the most studied and written about episode in U.S. history.Largely as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement( 奴役) of black people. 2 The war broke out in April 1861, when secessionist forces （反对势力） attacked Fort Sumter （萨姆特堡） in South Carolina, shortly after United States President Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated. The loyalists of the Union in the North proclaime
