OutlinenA brief review of semiconductorsnP-type,N-typenExcitationsnPhotodiodenAvalanche photodiodenGeiger ModenSilicon Photomultipliers(SiPM)nPhotomultipliernSuperconducting WirenCharacterization of single photon sourcesnHBT ExperimentnSecond order correlation functionSemiconductorsCompoundsSemiconductorsnelectrons and“holes”:negative and positive charge carriesnEnergy-momentum relation of free particles,with different effective massSemiconductorsnThermal excitations make the electrons“jump”to h
