1、第一部分 英语国际音标发音标准国际音标（英语语音）前元音 i: i e 中元音 : 单元音后元音 u: u : a:开合双元音 ei ai i u au元音双元音集中双元音 i u 清辅音 p t k 爆破音浊辅音 b d g 清辅音 f s h摩擦音浊辅音 v z r 清辅音 t tr ts 破擦音浊辅音 d dr dz 鼻音 （浊辅音） m n 舌则音 （浊辅音） l (l) 辅音半元音 （浊辅音） w j 语音知识：1) 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母只有 a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素：音的最小单位。英语共 48 个音素，其中元音音素 20 个，辅音音素 28 个。3) 元音：发
2、音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。4) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。5) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple，student，teacher，understand。 6) 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due； b) 辅音+元音 he，go，hi。7) 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup； b)元音+辅音 it。8) 前中后元音：根据舌位的变化，元音又可分为前元音、中元音和后元音。舌位在口腔前部的时候发出的元音叫做前元音，舌位在口腔中部的时候发出的元音
3、叫做中元音，同理，舌位后缩到口腔后部发出的元音就叫做后元音。9）28 个辅音按发音时是否振动声带分为清辅音和浊辅音。按发音时以不同方式调动的不同发音器官来分类，英语辅音又可分为爆破音、摩擦音、破擦音、鼻音、舌边音、半元音。第二部分 发音器官图及说明发音主要分为三部分：喉部、口腔、鼻腔。A、喉部的发音器官：1气管2声带(包括声门)3会厌软骨B、口腔的发音器官：4舌：a.舌端 b.舌前部c.舌后部 d.舌根5硬腭6. 软腭7上齿龈 8牙齿9唇 l0小舌C、鼻腔26 个英文字母音标表第三部分 发 音 标 准一、元音的发音I 单元音发音方法描述：发音时舌尖轻抵下齿，前舌部向上腭抬起，口形扁而平。发音时
4、间延续较长。例词：B e meat sheep secret believe例句：I dont believe it. He feels very weak.发音方法描述：发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬腭抬起，口形扁平，发音时间短促。例词：It big rich visit loaded business例句：Its a very big city. I feel a bit dizzy.发音方法描述：舌尖抵下齿，前舌部向硬腭抬起，口形扁平，气流从口腔泄出，声带振动。发音时间短促。例词：Fed best them wedding refresh例句：Well fed,well bred. I w
5、ill never forget petty.发音方法描述：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬，双唇开口度较大，并向两边平展，发音短促。例词：At have flat stand saturday例句:Im glad to know that.He was born in a happy family.发音方法描述：舌身放低后缩，舌后部隆起，口形张大，全开，声带振动。发音延续较长。例词：Art fast March party advance 例句：My father has a large farm.Please park your car in the car park.发音方法描述：舌身尽量降低并收
6、缩，舌后部抬起。双唇收圆更收小，并稍向前突。发音延续较长。例词：Saw born course thought morning 例句：They are talking about Ford.I decided to go abroad after graduation.发音方法描述：舌身尽量降低并后缩，舌后部抬起，口形稍收圆，开口比长元音 稍大但不向前突出。发音短促。例词：Hot boss want doctor holiday 例句：Whos knocking at the door.Lost time is never found again.发音方法描述：舌身后缩，舌后部尽量抬起，口形较
7、小较圆，较突出。发音延长。例词：Do you tooth choose June例句：You must follow the rules of the school.Whose shoes are these?发音方法描述：舌身后缩，舌后部抬起，口形收圆，稍微突出， 比 的口形略放松。发音短促。例词：Book good put wood push例句：This book is a good cook-book.Let me have a look.发音方法描述舌身后缩至口腔中部，舌后部稍抬起，双唇较扁，开口较大。发音短促。例词：Up but does rough thunder例句：The o
8、ld man has got much money.I went to cinema just for fun.发音方法描述：舌位抬高，舌身后缩并放平，口形微张，双唇扁平，双唇肌肉较紧张。发音延续较长。例词：Sir her third worth early例句：Can I help you,sir?Everybody deserves good services.发音方法描述：舌身放平，舌中部抬起， 口形微开，双唇扁平，双唇肌肉放松。 在词首或词中发得较模糊，在词尾时应 该适当延长。例词：About again teacher writer paper例句：We ran along the
9、river.She is a famous professor.单元音对比i: - ieat-it seek-sick read-rid feel-fill keep-kip meal-mille - ibet-bit bed-bid set-sitfell-fill pen-pin - ebad-bed band-bend sad-saidhad-head gas-guess gat-get: - court-cot short-shot port-potlord-lot naught-not chalk-chocku:-upoor-pull food-foot fool-fullcool-
10、cook tool-took shoot-shoulda:- dark-duck march-much lark-luckcart-cut calm-come- cat-cut hat-hut bad-budcap-cup ran-run wan-won双元音发音方法描述：发音由 向 自然滑动，滑动过程中口形从半开到半合，舌位随之抬高。例词：Eight day face gate faithful例句：Its pay day today. Better late than never.发音方法描述：发音时由 向 自然滑动，滑动过程中，口形逐渐由半开到小而圆，舌位由半低到高。例词：Old so
11、show note close例句：Its so cold. Please close the window.发音方法描述：发音时由 向 滑动，滑动过程中口形从开到合。发此音时注意把音发足。例词：Eye tie ride knife arrive例句：The kite is flying in the shy. Prices are very high these days.发音方法描述：发音时由 向 自然滑动，滑动过程中双唇收拢收圆，口形由大到小，舌位由低到高。例词：Out how about cloud mountain例句：I couldnt help shouting out. The
12、 milk became sour.发音方法描述：发音时由 向 自然滑动，但不到 舌位就停止了。滑动的过程中双唇逐渐由圆变扁，口形由大到小。例词：Boy joy join enjoy spoil例句：He likes making noise in the class. The boy is spoilt by his parents.发音方法描述：发音时由 向 自然滑动，滑动过程中 发音较清楚，发音较弱，双唇始终半开。 例词：Ear fear here clear 例句：Im living near here. Students became all ears when their prof
13、essor was teaching.发音方法描述：由 向 自然滑动，滑动过程中，开口程度稍稍收小。例词：Air care hair share parent例句：Their parents stood over there.We rushed there in a tearing hurry.发音方法描述：发音时由 向 自然滑动，滑动过程中口形由收圆变为半开。例词：Poor tour sure rural cruel例句：The poor guy was not sure what to do. The tourists are unhappy with their tour.双元音与单元音
14、对比ei-ewait-wet say-said fade-fedlate-let pain-penu -:coal-call boat-bought woke-walkfold-ford low-law note-naughtai- a:life-laugh pike-park mike-markbike-bark like-lark kite-cartau- pound-pun town-tunnel round-runbout-but bow-bun down-duni- :toy-tall boy-bore loyal-lawoil-all coil-call joy-jawau- :l
15、oud-lord found-ford shout-shortcow-call house-horse now-naught双元音对比u- aucrow-crowd load-loud hole-howknow-now code-cow flow-flowerai-auby-bow find-found mice-mouseshy-shout fly-flower climb-cloudi-here-hair beer-bear fear-faircheer-chair peer-pair dear-dare 辅音第一节 爆破音发音方法描述：双唇闭紧，气流突然冲开双唇，冲出口腔。 是清辅音，声
16、带不振动。 是浊辅音，声带振动。例词：Pit pay proper open happy blue baby bike bride例句：Chongqing is famous for its hot pot.Betty walked in a busy street.发音方法描述：舌尖紧抵上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔。t是清辅音，声带不振动，d是浊辅音，声带振动。例词：too take touch right tight do dirt card tired sudden例句：Dont tell my teacher,Tom.David told me that Doctor
17、Li would be his tutor this year.发音方法描述：舌后部抬起，紧贴软腭，形成阻碍。气流冲开阻碍后冲出口腔。k是清辅音，声带不振动，g是浊辅音，声带振动。例词：Kick book like dock occasion gate get egg ghost guide例句：The book teaches us how to cook.All that glitters is not gold,第二节 爆破音对比p-bpig-big park-bark rope-robepull-bull cap-cab play-blamet-dtell-dell tear-dear
18、 right-rideheart-hard town-down seat-seedk-gclass-glass back-bag pick-pigdock-dog coat-goat could-good摩擦音发音方法描述：下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿问的缝隙通过，摩擦成音。f是清辅音，声带不振动，v是浊辅音，声带振动。例词： Fly far wife off laugh very village live over save例句：There are fifteen girls in my class.Im living in a flat by the river.发音方法描述：舌尖轻触上齿背部
19、，气流从舌齿问的缝隙送出。 是清辅音，声带不振动。 是浊辅音，声带振动。例词：Thank think thief mouth teethThis those then that smooth例句：You should think of it.This book is better than that.发音方法描述：舌端靠近上齿龈，气流从舌端和齿龈间通过，形成摩擦音。s是清辅音，声带不振动，z是浊辅音，声带振动。例词：So sir pencil piece dress zoo zone zero use eraser例句:Did you see the snake in the grass?Pl
20、ease close the window.发音方法描述：舌身抬起靠近硬腭，舌端抬向上齿龈，形成狭长通道，气流由此通过，双唇稍微收圆并略突出。 是清辅音，声带不振动 是浊辅音，声带振动。例词：She sheep wish sure specialPleasure garage decision vision division例句：She is a shy girl.What do you usually do in your leisure time？发音方法描述：发音时口张开，在通过声门时发出轻微摩擦，气流经过口腔时不受阻碍。h是清辅音，声带不振动。例词：He her how who ahe
21、ad 例句：How are you?He doesnt have any hope.发音方法描述：舌尖卷起，抬向上齿龈后部，但不发生摩擦，舌两侧稍收拢，口形略突出，气流通过时发出轻微摩擦，r是浊辅音，声带振动。例词：Right run cry bread primary例句：Those red roses are very pretty.Ill attend a press conference.第四节 摩擦音对比f-vferry-very fan-van safe-savefew-view leaf-leave fail-veil-thick-this worth-worthy bath-bathethief-these south-southern thank-than-sthing-sing thin-sin thought-sought
