1、【学习目标】阅读 First aid for burns,了解急救的基本知识。【重点难点】掌握说明文快速阅读的方法及策略【学习内容】Step 1: Main idea about “First aid for burns”Skim for general idea and then number them from 1 to 5._ the three types of burns_ what to do if someone gets burned_ the functions of the skin _ the symptoms of burns _ how we get burnsSte
2、p 2:Careful readingRead the passage carefully and get the answers to the questions.1.What can skin do for our body? (1)(2)(3)(4)2. What can cause burns?3. How many types of burns are there? What are they?4. Why should you put cold water on a burn?Step 3: Detail-reading: Filling in the blanks.Types /
3、 Characteristics (1) First degree burns: Affect the top _ of the skin.Dry, red and mildly _ painfulTurn white when _.(2) Second degree burnsaffect both the _ layer of the skin._, red and swollenBlister_ surfaceextremely _(3) Third degree burns.affect_ layers of the skin.Black and white and charredSw
4、ollen ,often _under them can be seenMay be _ around edge of injured area Step 4: Decide whether the first aid treatment is Right (R) or Wrong (W). 1. When someone is burned, you should place some ice on his wound.2. The function of cool water is to prevent and reduce swelling.3. We should put damp c
5、loths on the second degree burns.4. We shouldnt break the blisters, or they will make the wound infected.5. Sometimes, we can put oil or ointments on burns to stop the infection.6. We should make sure the bandage wont stick to the skin when it is used.7. If burns are on the face, we should make the
6、victim sit up.8. Cold water can be used in three types of burns. Homework:(A)British Red Cross volunteer Philip Roberts showed how important basic first aid skills can be by saving a road crash victims life.Philip was driving down the M6 motorway early one morning when he came across a serious road
7、accident. A truck had crashed into a car， driving it off the motorway and into a roadside bank.As the first person on the scene， Philip made sure it was safe to approach the vehicle and found an unconscious woman inside， slumped（陷入）forward and with her airway blocked. As another driver approached， h
8、e shouted for them to call the emergency services. Then Philip acted fast.He recalls： “Climbing into the car， I immediately lifted the womans head and opened her airway， so she would be able to breathe. I then kept my hands on her head to keep her neck steady， as the crash could have caused spinal（脊
9、柱的）injury.“When the emergency services arrived， they asked me to stay inside the car and maintain（维持） the womans airway while they cut off the roof of the car.“ By the time the woman was freed from the vehicle， half an hour later， she was starting to regain consciousness（意识） 。Philip said， “The simpl
10、e first aid techniques I used can be learned in five minutes， yet they probably saved the drivers life. Surely thats a worthwhile way to spend five minutes！“It shows that you dont necessarily need a big first aid kit full of medical equipment， your hands are the best first aid tools you have.“Thousa
11、nds of people are killed on UK roads every year and over half of road accident deaths occur before the emergency services arrive. It can take less than four minutes for a blocked airway to cause death， while it takes around eight minutes for emergency services to arrive.1.What would be the best titl
12、e for this passage？A. The Importance of First Aid SkillsB. Philip Roberts， a British Red Cross VolunteerC. Simple Skills Save Crash VictimD. Its a Worthwhile Way to Spend Five Minutes2.What do we learn about the accident？A. Philip was driving a motorbike when he saw the accident.B. The car crashed i
13、nto a truck and then blocked the way.C. Philip was the only person on the scene of the accident.D. The womans car was driven into a bank by the truck.3.The underlined word “he“ in the third paragraph stands for _.A. the truck driver B. another driverC. Philip D. the womans husband4.How did Philip he
14、lp save the womans life？_.5.“A first aid kit“ most probably means _.1-3CDC 4. By helping her to breathe. 5. a box with first aid tools inside(B) First aid is the action of limited care for an illness or injury in the beginning. It is usually performed by a lay person to a sick or injured patient unt
15、il definitive medical treatment can be accessed. Certain self-limiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care. It generally consists of series of simple life-saving techniques that an individual can be trained to perform with minimal equipment.While first aid can also be pe
16、rformed on animals，the term generally refers to care of human patients.Certain skills are considered essential to the action of first aid and are taught everywhere. Particularly， the “ABC”s of first aid，which focus on critical life-saving action，must be rendered before treatment of less serious inju
17、ries. ABC stands for Airway，Breathing，and Circulation. The same mnemonic is used by all emergency health professionals. Attention must first be brought to the airway to ensure it is clear. Choking is a life-threatening emergency. A first aid attendant would determine properness of breathing and prov
18、ide rescue breathing if necessary.Some organizations add a fourth step of “D” for Deadly bleeding，while others consider this as part of the Circulation step. Variations on techniques to maintain the ABCs depend on the skill level of the first aider. Once the ABCs are secured，first aiders can begin a
19、dditional treatments，as required. Some organizations teach the same order of priority using the “3Bs” ：Breathing，Bleeding，and Bones. While the ABCs and 3Bs are taught to be performed continuously，certain conditions may require the consideration of two steps at the same time. This includes the action
20、 of both CPR and chest compressions to someone who is not breathing and has no pulse.1What does “It” in the first paragraph refer to?AFirst aid. BDefinitive medical treatment.CFurther medical care. DAn injury.2When we talk about first aid we usually mean _ according to the passage.Agiving profession
21、al helpBgiving original help to humansCtreating animalsDany help to animals and humans3When giving first aid we must first make sure _.Athe airway is clear Bthe patient must breatheCwe have necessary medical toolsDthe patient is not choked4While a man is choked we should _.Abegin additional treatmentsBmake sure he has pulseCmake him breathe smoothlyDtake two steps at the same time
