1、课堂探究1What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?如果明天突然没有米可吃了，你认为会发生什么事呢？剖析：1)do you think 属于插入语，置于特殊疑问词之后。句子的主干应是 What would happen？如：Who do you think will come to help us?你认为谁将来帮助我们？2)该句中用了虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反的假设。从句用一般过去时，主句中用“would/could/might/should动词原形” 。要注意在使用虚拟语气时谓语
2、动词的形式：从句谓语 主句谓语现在情况 一般过去时(be 要用 were) would/could/might/should do将来情况 一般过去时 should do were to do would/could/might/should do过去情况 过去完成时，即 had done would/could/might/should have done注意：如果 if 条件句中含有 were，should，had，则可以将 if 省略，把were，should，had 提到主语的前面。如：Were I you，I wouldnt make him angry.如果我是你，我不会让他生气。
3、Should he come，I would let you know.如果他来，我会让你知道。Had they said sorry to me，I would have forgiven them.如果他们向我道过歉，我就原谅他们了。单项填空1) I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious.Athought Bwould thinkChad thought Dhave thought2)John went to the hospital alone.If he _ me about it，I would have gone with
4、him.Ashould tell Btells Ctold Dhad told完成句子3)_(你认为他们什么时候) will be back?4)_(如果我是你) ，I shouldnt do that.答案：1)C 2)D3)When do you think they4)If I were you/Were I you2Indeed ，his sunburnt face and arms and his slim，strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers，for whom he has struggled
5、for the past five decades.的确，他被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去 50 年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。剖析：1)本句中含有一个定语从句 for whom he has struggled for the past five decades，修饰先行词 Chinese farmers。该定语从句的引导词是“介词whom”的形式。如：I wont forget the old worker with whom I worked for three years.我不会忘记那位老工人，我和他在一起工作了三年。2)thos
6、e 代替前面的名词 his sunburnt face and arms and his slim，strong body。考点 struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力He has struggled against illness for many years.他与疾病斗争很多年了。The young man is struggling for his future.这个年轻人在为自己的将来拼搏。A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free.一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想要逃脱。It was a hard stru
7、ggle to get my work done in time.为使工作按时完成，我作了一番艰苦的努力。归纳：struggle against 的含义是“同作斗争” 。struggle for 的含义是“为奋斗” 。struggle to do sth 的含义是“挣扎着做某事” 。struggle 作名词时是可数名词。单项填空1) In our class there are 46 students，_ half wear glasses.Ain whom Bin themCof whom Dof them2) Adolescence is a difficult period of lif
8、e，often characterized by a _ individual independence.Astruggle with Bstruggle toCstruggle for Dstruggle against翻译句子3)那个小孩在我怀里挣扎。_4)那时他们为了生存而斗争。_答案：1)C 2)C3)That child is struggling in my arms.4)At that time they struggled for a living.3Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests witho
9、ut expanding the area of the fields.袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求增收稻谷的途径。剖析：句子中的动词不定式短语 to increase rice harvests 在句子中作定语，修饰 a way。如：Can you think of a way to solve the problem?你能想出一个办法来解决这个问题吗？考点 expand vt.& vi.使变大；伸展She expanded her store by adding a second room.她通过再增加一间房子来扩大自己的商店。The flowers expanded in the
10、 sunshine.花儿在阳光下开放了。Our foreign trade has expanded greatly in recent years.我国的对外贸易近几年来已有很大发展。考点延伸 1)expand 还有“细说；阐述”的含义。如：You mentioned the need for extra funding.Would you please expand on that?你提到了增加资金的必要性，请你充分叙述一下好吗？归纳：expand 作“细说；阐述”讲时，常与介词 on 连用。2)expand 的名词为 expansion。expansion 作“扩大；膨胀”等讲时，是不可
11、数名词；作“扩大物；增加部分”讲时，则是可数名词。3)辨析 expand 与 extend：expand 是“范围”扩张；extend 意为“延伸” ，也有“扩张 ”的意思。单项填空1)When reading，you should _ your attention on the main idea and the structure of the passage，not on specific words or sentences.Apay Bfocus Cput Dexpand2)Metals _ when they are heated.Aenlarge B expand Cextend
12、 Dstretch用 expand 的适当形式填空3)He breathed deeply and _ his chest.4)Many old factories _ in recent years.答案：1)B 2)B 3)expanded 4)have been expanded4Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。剖析：thanks to his research 在句子中作原因状语。考点一 t
13、hanks to 幸亏；由于；因为Thanks to you， I was saved from drowning.幸亏有你，我才没淹死。Thanks to the efforts by the headmaster，I can go back to school now.由于校长的努力，我现在又能回学校上学了。He was criticized thanks to his being late.他因为迟到受到了批评。归纳：thanks to 相当于 because of，具有介词性质，后可接 sb，sth_或动名词短语。考点延伸 同义词：because of ，owing to，due to
14、 考点二 rid.of 摆脱；除去He finally rid himself of all financial worries.他终于使自己摆脱了所有的财政忧虑。You have rid yourself of that bad habit.你已经改掉了那个坏习惯。归纳：rid 的过去式和过去分词均是 rid。考点延伸 1)近义词：free.of 使摆脱 break away from 脱离，摆脱2)rid 的常用短语归纳：be rid of 摆脱掉get rid of 摆脱掉；除掉；处理掉如：I am glad to be rid of him.我很高兴摆脱了他。Well have to
15、get rid of him.我们必须摆脱掉他。He hopes to get rid of his bad habits.他希望除掉他的坏习惯。3)用于“动词某人of某物”的常见短语还有：rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事inform sb of sth 通知某人某事convince sb of sth 使某人信服某事ask sb of sth 问及某人某事expect sb of sth 期望某人某事 (物)require sb of sth 要求某人某事(物)单项填空1) _ your timely help，otherwise，we
16、wouldnt have finished the work ahead of time.ABecause BFor CThanks to DThanks of2) We hope that we can _ the world _ wars，killings and everything else that is bad.Aget rid of；by Bbe rid of；byCrid；of Dget rid；of3) You should _ these bad habits.Aget yourself rid of Brid yourself ofCget rid of yourself
17、 with Drid of yourself with翻译句子4)她最终不再牙疼了。_答案：1)C 2)C 3)B4)Finally she was/got rid of the toothache.5Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。剖析：1)本句中的现在分词短语 using his hybrid rice 作方式状语。动词的现在分词除了作方式状语外，也可以作时间状语、原因状语或结果状语。2)as.as 前可以用表示倍数
18、的词来修饰，如 half，a quarter，twice，three times 等，意为“是多少倍” 。倍数的表达可用下面五个句型：倍数as形容词/副词原级as倍数形容词/副词比较级 than倍数the名词(size，length，width，height，amount 等)of倍数whatclauseby倍数This tree is three times as tall as that one.这棵树的高度是那棵树的三倍。The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多是珠江的三倍长。The newly
19、 broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场的面积是未扩建时的四倍。The production of our factory is five times what it was five years ago.我们工厂的产量是五年前的五倍。Compared with that of last year，our coal output has increased by four times.与去年相比，我们的煤的产量增加了四倍。归纳：time 表示倍数，一般只限于表示基数词在内的三倍或三倍以上；若表示两倍，
20、可用副词 twice 或形容词 double。 time 表示的倍数也可以用分数、百分数或某些表程度的副词替换。单项填空1)The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.Aas three times big as Bthree times as big asCas big as three times Das big three times as2)Our city has developed into a big city，which is _ it used to be.Afo
21、ur times larger than that Bfour times the size of whatCfour times the size larger than what Das four times the size as that3)Lilys bag looked just the same as Marys，but it cost _ hers.Aas much twice as Btwice as much asCmuch as twice as Das twice much as单句改错4)Not known what to do，we turned to him fo
22、r help._5)His room is three times size of ours._答案：1)B 2)B 3)B 4)knownknowing 5) 在 times 和 size 之间加 the6Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life.袁隆平很满意他的生活。考点 be satisfied with 对感到满意One shouldnt be satisfied with only a little success.一个人不应该只因一点小成就而感到满足。考点延伸 1)同义词：be content with，be pleased wi
23、th，be glad with2)be satisfied to do sth 对做感到满意。如：He was satisfied to win the race.他对赢得赛跑感到满意。3)satisfying 和 satisfied 的区别：satisfying 令人满意的，使人满足的。如：a satisfying answer 令人满意的回答satisfied 感到满意的，满足的。如：a satisfied smile 满意的微笑4)同根词及其常用短语：satisfy vt.使满足satisfy ones needs 满足某人的需要satisfaction n满足；令人满意的事to one
24、s satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb 使某人满意的是with satisfaction 满意地单项填空1)The government tried its best to _ the peoples needs，but the people were still not _.In fact， what the government did was not _.Asatisfy；satisfying；satisfiedBsatisfy；satisfied ；satisfyingCsatisfied ；satisfied；satisfyingDsatisf
25、ying；satisfied；satisfied2)She was _ the result.We knew it from her _ look.Asatisfying with；satisfiedBsatisfied with；satisfiedCsatisfied with；satisfyingDsatisfying with；satisfying3)Those girls gave a wonderful and impressing concert.Their parents watched and nodded their heads _ satisfaction.Ain Bwit
26、h Cfor Dof选择正确的词填空(satisfying，satisfied)4)He looked at his children with a _ smile.5)He offered us a _ answer.答案：1)B 2)B 3)B 4)satisfied 5)satisfying7He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。考点 would rather 宁愿；宁可If you would rather be alone，well all leave here.如果你宁愿独自一人，那我们都离开
27、这儿。归纳：would rather 后接动词原形。考点延伸 would rather do sth 的否定形式为 would rather not do sth。would rather 没有人称和数的变化，它通常用于以下两种句型：1)Error!宁愿做不愿做I would rather stay at home than go out on Sunday.星期天我宁愿待在家里也不愿外出。The children would walk rather than take a bus.孩子们宁愿步行也不愿乘公共汽车。2)would rather (that) sb did sth/had don
28、e sth宁愿某人(从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气 )I would rather you came with us.我宁愿你跟我们一起。(表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时)Id rather you hadnt done that.我宁愿你没做那件事。(表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时)归纳：would rather 后接句子用虚拟语气时，其后的从句应用一般过去时来表示现在或将来的动作，用过去完成时来表示过去的动作。单项填空1)George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but Id rather he
29、_ more on its culture.Afocus BfocusedCwould focus Dhad focused2) Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life and he _ keep time for his hobbies _ spend money on himself or lead a comfortable life.Ahad rather；than Bwould rather ；thanCcould rather ；than Dprefer to；rather than3) Dont come tonight.I
30、would rather you _ tomorrow.Acome Bcame Cwill come Dcoming单句改错4)I would rather I havent gone to the theatre yesterday._答案：1)B 2)B 3)B 4)haventhadnt8Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.在自己身上花钱享受或者过舒适的生活对他来说一点也不重要。剖析：动名词短语 spending money on himself or
31、leading a comfortable life 在句中作主语。考点延伸 1)动词ing 形式作主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用 it 来作形式主语。如：It is no use asking him for help.向他求助是没有用的。2)主语用了动词ing 形式，表语和宾语也要用动名词，这在英语中称为对称性。如：Seeing is believing.眼见为实。3)动词ing 形式和不定式作主语时的不同：不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作；而动词ing 形式作主语则表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念。如：Jogging is a good form of exercise for both
32、young and old.对于青年人和老年人来说，慢跑是一种好的锻炼方式。在“There/Itbeno use(good/help/need.)”结构之后常用动词ing 形式作主语，而较少用不定式。如：It/There is no use talking with him.和他谈话是没有用的。但如果该句型中出现了 for 引出的不定式逻辑主语，就只能用不定式。如：There is no help for you to take the medicine.你吃这种药是不起作用的。不定式可以和 when，where ，how ，what，whether 等连用，而动词ing 形式则不能。如：Ho
33、w to solve the problem is a hot potato.如何解决这个问题真让人头疼。单项填空1)Lucy，why not bring along some skincare cream for the trip？To my knowledge，_ to sunlight in Hainan will surely burn your skin.Abeing exposed BexposedCto be exposed Dto expose2)Its no use _ with him.Aargue Bto arguing Carguing Dargued答案：1)A 2)
34、C9He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.于是，他拿出好几百万元帮助其他人进行农业科学研究。考点一 therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而Ive never been to Italy and therefore I dont know much about it.我从未去过意大利，因此我对它并不太了解。He had gone；she therefore gave the money to me.他已经走了，因而她把钱给了我。考点延伸 同义词：so，thus考点二 equip vt.& vi.配备；装备Schools in the north tend to be well equipped，while those in the south are relatively poor.
