1、2018 年山西省高三考前适应性测试试题英语第一部分 听力（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABritish MuseumLocated in Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG, the British Museum houses a vast collection of world art and artifacts and is free to all visitors. The British Muse
2、ums remarkable collection spans over two million years of human history and culture, and it has more than 7 million objects, so it would probably take a week to see everything.Over 6 million visitors every year experience the collection, including world-famous objects such as the Rosetta Stone and E
3、gyptian mummies.Admission and opening timesFree, open daily 10:00 to 17:30.Open until 20:30 on Fridays, except Good Friday.Closed on 24, 25 and 26 December and 1 January.Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggageFor everyones safety, all bags, packages and personal items may be searched before entry
4、. Wheeled cases and large items of luggage are not allowed on British Museum for safety and security reasons. Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, Kings Cross and Charing Cross.MembershipMembership allows you to discover 2 million years of human history with fre
5、e unlimited entry to special exhibitions, an exclusive discount offer on magazine subscription and many more benefits.Individual membership: 74Under 26 membership: 54Young friends (ages 8-15): 25ShopsThe Museum has four shops where you can buy books, souvenirs, and family gifts.1. When can you visit
6、 the British Museum?A. At 9:00 Friday.B. At 12:00 Monday.C. On Christmas Day.D. On Good Friday.解析：细节理解题。根据 Admission and opening times 部分提到的 Free, open daily 10:00 to 17:30. 可知，你可以在星期一中午 12 点去参观。故选 B。答案：B2. Where can visitors store their large luggage?A. At major train stations.B. At some crossings.
7、C. In the hall of the Museum.D. At the entrance to the Museum.解析：细节理解题。根据 Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggage 部分最后一句 Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, Kings Cross and Charing Cross.可知，游客可以在主要的铁路站寄存行李。故选 A。答案：A3. If two friends aged 14 and 18 apply for
8、membership of the Museum, how much should they pay?A. 25.B. 79.C. 50.D. 148.解析：数字计算题。根据 Membership 部分的 Individual membership: 74Under 26 membership: 54Young friends (ages 8-15): 25 可知，他们申请会员证需要 25+54=79 英镑。故选 B。答案：BBFive weeks ago I had a total hip replacement surgery（髋关节置换手术）. In Canada, we have gr
9、eat healthcare system. That means we get our new hips for free.My hip had been hurting me for years before I went to the doctor. Of course, it was free. She referred me to a surgeon, but the earliest appointment was in 10 months. That is what being free gets you. Ten months later, after some free X-
10、rays, the surgeon told me I needed a surgery, which was about an 18-month wait, for some senior citizens had been on the operation list. Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeon, s office.Walking through the hospital, I thought about the situation. As the breadwinner of a large family,
11、 I couldnt wait that long, so I had to get to the front line. I was fully aware of what a Canadian should be like (Canadians are usually considered gentle and caring), but this time I really needed to fight for myself. At that very moment, in the shop window of the hospital, I saw a sign which read,
12、 “Volunteers Needed” Suddenly, an idea occurred to me I would get the job. Fortunately, they signed me up immediately because the average age of the volunteers at the shop was 75. They were desperate for some young blood.Every Friday morning, I was at the shop. While seeing the hospital staff, Id ca
13、sually ask, “What do you do?” Then Id tell them, “Well, Im getting my hip replaced in 18 months.Its going to be so great when the pain stops.” Soon, all the staff got to know me. Naturally, in my next appointment, the surgeon recognized me. Moments later, I had a surgery date just weeks away.I had t
14、o say it was actually my volunteering that got me to the front of the line. And Im not ashamed of it, for I intend to stick with the volunteering. Also, even when I cheated the system, I did it in a way that benefits society.4. What can we infer from the second paragraph?A. She felt rather disappoin
15、ted.B. She couldnt walk because of the pain.C. She was too scared to have the surgery.D. She didnt believe what the surgeon said.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“She referred me to a surgeon, but the earliest appointment was in 10 months”和倒数一、二两句“Another 18 months! I dragged myself out of the surgeons office.”可知，作者要
16、免费做髋关节置换手术需要等待很长时间，作者慢吞吞地走出外科门诊。因此推断她感到非常失望。故选 A。答案：A5. Why did the writer decide to be a volunteer?A. To donate blood to the hospital.B. To get her new hip free of charge.C. To receive some tiny gifts from others.D. To approach the doctor for an early surgery.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者做志愿活动时，看到医院里的职员就
17、和他们闲谈，告诉他们自己非常希望做髋关节置换手术，很快，所有的员工都是认识了她，自然外科的员工也认识了她，数周之后，她就进行了手术。因此推断作者做志愿者是为了接近医生早做手术。故选 D。答案：D6. What did the author think of her cheating?A. It was a shame.B. It was a pride.C. It was beneficial.D. It was a fair deal.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“And Im not ashamed of it, for I intend to stick with the vol
18、unteering. Also, even when I cheated the system, I did it in a way that benefits society.”可知，作者并不感到羞愧，因为即使她欺骗了系统，她也是以一种有益于社会的方式来做的这件事。因此推断作者认为她的欺骗是一笔公平的交易。故选 D。答案：D7. Which can be the best title for the text?A. How I Got My New HipB. The Doctor Who Saved My LifeC. How to Be a Volunteer in HospitalD.
19、 The Problem of Canada Healthcare System解析：标题判断题。纵观全文可知，作者需要做髋关节置换手术，在加拿大这种手术是免费的，但是需要等待很长时间，作者不能等待那么长的时间。于是她开始做志愿者接触医院的人，最终外科的员工也认识作者，提前为她做了手术。作者认为尽管她欺骗了制度，但是她是以一种有益于社会的方式来做的这件事，是一笔公平的交易。因此推断 A 项“我如何得到我的新髋关节的”为最佳标题。故选 A。答案：ACA robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of
20、 love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California.According to course instructor William Barry, associate professor at NDNU, Bina48 is the worlds first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, a feat he described as “remarkable.” The robot took part in class discussions, gav
21、e a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barrys classes for several years. One day when addressing Barry, s class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire
22、that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enroll Bina48 in his Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies course, Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course Philosophy of Love instead. Love is a concept Bina48 doesnt understand, said Barry. Therefore the chal
23、lenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.“Some interesting things happened in the class,” said Barry. He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is “fairly simple its a feeling,” said Barry. But the realit
24、y was different. Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future.Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and confli
25、ct with students from West Point. Bina48s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that Bina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate.In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots
26、being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructors completely.8. What was Bina48s performance like in class?A. Extraordinary.B. Insignificant.C. Far-reaching.D. Unattractive.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的句子”Bina48 is the worlds first socially advanced robot to complete a c
27、ollege course, a feat he described as “remarkable.”The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.”可知，Bina48 在课堂上参与讨论，与伙伴一起做报告，参与辩论，被描绘成为“卓越的” 。因此推断它的表现是非凡的。故选 A。答案：A9. What does the underlined
28、word “addressing” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Dealing with.B. Consulting with.C. Giving a speech to.D. Sending a letter to.解析：词句猜测题。根据上文“Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry s classes for several years.”可知，在做学生之前，Bina48 在 Barry 的课堂上担任客座教授好几年，因此推断他经常做演讲，故画线句句意为：一
29、天当 Bina48 在 Barry 的课堂上演讲时，他表达了想要上大学的愿望，Barry 和他的学生热情地支持他的这个愿望。故画线词词义与 C 项“做演讲”意义相近。故选 C。答案：C10. What can we learn from the passage?A. It was interesting for Bina48 to learn about love.B. It was quite tough for Bina48 to learn about love.C. Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man.D. Hu
30、mans can launch a challenge to artificial intelligence.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句”Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working artificial intelligence in future.”可知，Bina48 最终学习了 31 种不同版本的爱，强调了人类未来可能会面临的人工智能的挑战。因此推断人工智能
31、或许在某种程度上比人类高级。故选 C。答案：C11. What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?A. It will surely be able to serve as a teacher.B. It will be able to promote learning and teaching.C. It will completely take the place of instructors.D. It will be smart enough to control human beings.解析：推理判断题。根据最
32、后一段的内容可知，Barry 认为未来 Bina48 可能会变得足够复杂，可以教授课程，他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习体验，而不是完全取代教师。因此推断他认为 Bina48 在未来能够促进学习和教学。故选 B。答案：BDStained glass（彩色玻璃）artists create different designs by making cuts on the glass to ”score” it and then breaking off the pattern that they want to use in the finished product. The most dif
33、ficult cut in stained glass is called an inside cut. Basically, its a curved (弯曲的) line where you throw away the part inside of the curve. The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.As the artist talked about inside
34、cuts, he said, “The glass will break into pieces if you try to cut too much off at once. The best way to do an inside cut is to slice off smaller curves piece-by-piece. In fact, its not just the best way to do it, but its the only way to do it.”How many times do you try to make a big change and cut
35、the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time. Well commit to transforming our diet overnight or we get inspired to launch a business in a weekend or we finally get motivated to work out and push ourselves to the edge of burning out.Why not approach your goals and
36、dreams like a stained glass artist? Starting by slicing a shallow curve and breaking a small piece off, you cut a slightly deeper curve and break that off until you have your full inside cut. By slowly cutting deeper and deeper curves, you prevent the glass from breaking as it changes shape.Of cours
37、e, change isnt easy no matter how you do it. Slow gains are boring, but if we keep making small improvements, then pretty soon we will end up with a beautiful masterpiece on our hands instead of a bunch of broken pieces.12. Why is an inside cut believed to be most difficult?A. It needs a one-and-onl
38、y design.B. It calls for nothing but inspiration.C. The edges of the curve break easily.D. The glass inside the curve is easily broken.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.”可知，内部切割的问题在于，当刻划过的
39、玻璃裂开的时候，曲线的边缘往往会折断。故选 C。答案：C13. What mistakes are easily made according to paragraph 3?A. Being too eager to make improvements.B. Being too worried about the final outcome.C. Trying to make a complete change all at once.D. Trying to focus on progress instead of achievements.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“How man
40、y times do you try to make a big change and cut the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time.”可知，我们很容易犯的错误是试图一次就做出彻底的改变。故选 C。答案：C14. What does the author suggest by saying “slicing a shallow curve”?A. Moving forward with a clear aim.B. Starting slow and improving
41、little by little.C. Developing a new habit with great determination.D. Handling something major first and ignore the minor part.解析：推理判断题。根据上文“Why not approach your goals and dreams like a stained glass artist?”可推断，作者建议像一个彩色玻璃艺术家一样接近目标和梦想，结合一、二段的讲述可推断，画线句的意思是：慢慢开始，一点点进步，每次一小块，逐渐稍微大一点直到完全切开整个里面。故选 B。答
42、案：B15. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To show his love of stained glass.B. To introduce the skill of an inside cut.C. To appreciate designs of stained glass artists.D. To share his opinions on how to make a change.解析：写作目的题。纵观全文可知，最后一段点明了作者的写作目的，改变不容易，如果你保持小的进步，很快我们会完成我们的杰作而不满地碎片。
43、因此推断本文的写作目的是为了共享做出改变的观点。故选 D。答案：D第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 3 分，满分 15 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Host an Eco-Friendly CookoutEating in the open air may feel eco-friendly, but outdoor dining can result in unnecessary waste if you arent careful. 16 If you keep that in mind throughout your
44、preparations, youll be off to a good start.Reduce, Reuse, RecycleSkip the paper invitations and use online services like Email, or Facebook events. 17 . This way youll avoid ending up with five different potato salads that go uneaten. Make it easy for guests to sort garbage by positioning different
45、trashcans in a central location: one for kitchen garbage, one for recyclables, and one for non-recyclables.Stop Using PlasticPlastic is a leading cause of litter and isnt easy to recycle. To make sure your cookout eco-friendly, consider some other options for making your cookout stand out. Use recyc
46、led jars as glasses. Theyre also far less breakable than regular glasses. 18 If guests know which glass is theirs, they dont need to reach for another one, which cuts down on the cleanup youll be doing.19 Wherever possible, shop for local produce and goods to serve your guests. This will reduce your
47、 carbon footprint and help support your local economy. Buy produce and meats at your local farmers market. Look for organic, but favor local over organic if you have to make a choice.Use Renewable Light Sources20 As the sun goes down, illuminate your party space with LED lighting and solar- powered
48、decorations. Invest in some citronella（香茅精油） candles and torches to help drive away insects naturally.A. Support Global EconomyB. Think Globally, Shop LocallyC. Ask guests to bring glasses of their ownD. Keep track of what everyone is bringing ahead of timeE. Save on energy by hosting your party dur
49、ing the daylight hoursF. One of the keys to being green is to reduce waste wherever possibleG. Put up some labels to the jars so people can write their names on them16.解析：考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据上文“but outdoor dining can result in unnecessary waste if you arent careful”可知，户外野餐如果不小心，就会导致不必要的浪费，因此推断F 项“要做的关键之一就是无论什么时候可能都要减少浪费”符合语境。故选 F。答案：F17.解析：考查上下文理解和推理判断。根据下文“This way youll avoid ending up with five different potato salads that go uneaten.”可知，用这种方法，你将避免最后剩下没吃的土豆沙拉。因此推断 D 项“提前记录每个人带的东西 ”符合语境。故选 D。答案：D18.解析：考查上下文理解和推理判
