1、Computer Science计算机科学与技术学院某某 级某某人Contents1 History2 Major achievements3 Areas of computer science3.1 Computer architecture and engineering3.2 Artificial intelligence3.3 Information scienceThe earliest known tool for use in computation was the abacus, developed in period 27002300 BC in Sumer.1.Histor
2、yThe Antikythera mechanism is believed to be the earliest known mechanical analog computer. It was designed to calculate astronomical positions. It was discovered in 1901 in the Antikythera wreck off the Greek island of Antikythera, between Kythera and Crete, and has been dated to c. 100 BC.Mechanic
3、al analog computing devices appeared a thousand years later in the medieval Islamic world.When John Napier discovered logarithms for computational purposes in the early 17th century, there followed a period of considerable progress by inventors and scientists in making calculating tools.Around 1640,
4、 Blaise Pascal, a leading French mathematician, constructed the first mechanical adding device, the Pascaline, based on a design described by Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria.Blaise Pascal (19 June 1623 19 August 1662), was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Christian phil
5、osopher.Charles Babbage is credited with inventing the first mechanical computer in Victorian times, for which Ada Lovelace wrote a manual. In 1837 Charles Babbage first described his Analytical Engine which is accepted as the first design for a modern computer.The industrial revolution had driven f
6、orward the mechanization of many tasks, and this included weaving. Punched cards controlled Joseph Marie Jacquards loom in 1801, where a hole punched in the card indicated a binary one and an unpunched spot indicated a binary zero. Before the 1920s, computers (sometimes computors) were human clerks
7、that performed computations. After the 1920s, the expression computing machine referred to any machine that performed the work of a human computer, especially those in accordance with effective methods of the Church-Turing thesis.The theoretical Turing Machine, created by Alan Turing, is a hypothetical device theorized in order to study the properties of such hardware.Alan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS (June 1912 7 June 1954), was a British mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, and computer scientist.
