1、8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 1 页 （ 共 8 页） 复核总分 复核人 总 分 题 号 一 二 三 四 五 六 题 分 20 10 10 15 25 20 合分人 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 1. Which of the following statements is FALSE? _. A. Language is just for communication. B. Language is one of many ways in which we experience the world. C. Language is a sign system. D. Language i
2、s arbitrary and conventional. 2. _ refers to the fact that there is no necessary or logical relationship between a linguistic form and its meaning. A. Displacement B. creativity C. arbitrariness D. duality 3. The study of a language at some point of time is called_. A. computational linguistics B. s
3、ociolinguistics C. diachronic linguistics D. synchronic linguistics 4. _ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community A. Langue B. performance C. competence D. parole 201 年 月江苏省高等教育自学考试 8801 语言学概论（英） 一、 选择题（每小题 1 分，共 20 分） 在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确的答 案，并将其字母标号填
4、入题干的括号内。 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 2 页 （ 共 8 页） 5. Three places of articulation that involve the teeth and/or the lips are: A. palatal, velar, glottal B. bilabial, labiodental, dental C. stop, fricative, affricative D. nasal, lateral, semi vowel 6. The phonetic transcription with diacritics is called _. A.
5、 broad transcription B. International Phonetic Alphabet C. American English Pronunciation D. narrow transcription 7. _ is a type of phonological process by which one sound takes on some or all the characteristics of a neighboring sound. A. Assimilation B. Transformation C. Code-switching D. interfer
6、ence 8. If two sounds are of no distinctive value, but are varieties of the same phoneme, they are called _. A. phones B. speech sounds C. allophones D. morphs 9. In the TG grammar, the _ structure represents the syntactic properties of a construction, i.e. the underlying level of structural relatio
7、ns between its different constituents. A. deep B. surface C. generative D. transformational 10. The English language has_. A. morphemes B. syntax C. number agreement D. all of the above 11. What is defined as the study of sentence structure? _. 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 3 页 （ 共 8 页） A. Morphology B. Semant
8、ics C. Phonology D. Syntax 12. There are _ morphemes in the word “childrens” A. six B. two C. three D. four 13. “friendly” is a _. A. compound B. inflectional word C. derivative D. morpheme 14. The word “brunch” and “motel” are _. A. formed by blending B. acronyms C. coined by back-formation D. clip
9、ped words 15. Which of the following two-term sets shows the feature of complementarity? _. A. Husband/ Wife B. Alive/Dead C. Hot/ Cold D. White/ Black 16. What is the meaning relationship between the two words “plant/grass”? _. A. Homonymy B. Antonymy C. Hyponymy D. Allomorphs 17. The phrase “Color
10、ful ideas sleep furiously” is an example of_. A. rapport talk B. indexical language C. an ungrammatical but acceptable sentence D. a grammatical but unacceptable sentence 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 4 页 （ 共 8 页） 18. The Whorf Hypothesis claims that_. A. language is full of “rich points”, whose meanings are d
11、ifficult to translate into another language B. abstract terms are easily translatable C. accents are part of identity D. language influences culture-specific ways of knowing 19. The phrase time is a commodity is an example of_. A. The Whorf Hypothesis B. A metaphoric system C. A non-standard variety
12、 D. A rich point 20. The Black English sentence “I dont gotta do nothing” is considered incorrect because: A. it contains a double negative and is thus inherently incorrect B. it is impossible to understand C. it is not associated with the upper class use of standard English D. both a and b above 得分
13、 评卷人 复查人 21. The allophones of a phoneme never occur in the same phonetic context. In this case, they are in _ distribution. 22. WORD is the common factor underlying a set of forms, a unit of vocabulary, a lexical item, or a _. 23. A _ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an inflecti
14、onal affix can be added. 24. _ studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables. 25. Competence and performance distinction is discussed by _ in his Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. 26. Language is a system of an arbitrary vocal symb
15、ols used for human _. 27. _ refers to the influence exercised by one sound segment upon the articulation of another, so the sounds become similar in certain phonetic aspects. 28. Suprasegmental features include syllable, stress, _ and intonation. 二、 填空 题（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 5 页 （ 共 8
16、页） 29. _ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings. 30. _ is the study of the meaning in context, or actual use. 得分 评卷人 复查人 31. Complementary antonyms divide up the whole of a semantic field completely. There is no intermediate ground between. _ 32. Mainly, the
17、 study of language before the 20th century was descriptive. _ 33. Inviting, suggesting, warning, ordering are instances of commissives. _ 34. IC analysis was proposed by the American linguist Leonard Bloomfield. _ 35. English consonants are classified on two criteria: manner of articulation and plac
18、e of articulation. _ 得分 评卷人 复查人 36. diachronic 得 分 37. morphology 三、 判断 说明 题（每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 在题后的括号内，正确的 写 “ T”，错误的 写 “ F”，并在题下空处说明理由。 四、 四、 名词解释（每小题 3 分，共 15 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 6 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 38. root 得 分 39. deep structure 得 分 40. syntax 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 41.What is cooperative principle? 得 分 42
19、. What is speech community? 五、 简答题（每小题 5 分，共 25 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 7 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 43.What is morphology? 得 分 44.What is syntax? 得 分 45.What is phonology? 得 分 得分 评卷人 复查人 46. Are there any affixes that attach (relatively) productively to verbs, contribute no specific meaning, and do not change category? 六、 问答 题（每小题 10 分，共 20 分） 8801 语言学概论（英） 试卷 第 8 页 （ 共 8 页） 得 分 47. How can the surface structure become the sole responsible structure for semantic interpretation? 得 分 试卷版芯尺寸 ： 纸 型 自定义；宽度 19.68 厘米；高度 27.3 厘米。 （指文字部分）
