1、1Application of new fiber materials and products in the sporting goods（1. Department of physical education,Shijiazhuang University of Economics, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000; 2. Department of physical education,Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, 053000） Abstract. In order to promote the new fiber
2、materials and products development and application in the field of sports goods, from the physical and chemical properties of the fibers, production process, finishing and so on, all kinds of new fiber materials, such as carbon fiber, outlast fiber, aramid fiber, moisture-absorbent and sweat-conduct
3、ive functional fiber, the negative ion functional fiber new fibers and fabrics such as waterproof and moisture permeable fabric, low resistance movement fabric, ultra high strength fabrics are introduced in this paper widely used in sports. Key words: carbon fiber; outlast fiber; functional fiber; s
4、ports; application 1. Introduction. In recent years, with the development of a healthy 2lifestyle and the popularity of people increasing needs significantly to maintain a healthy body through regular exercise, and the rapid development of special sports in the stronger, higher and faster direction,
5、 a driving force is poured into in the ever fount sustained and rapid development of sports goods industry. The development and application of new fiber materials have also laid a solid foundation for technological progress of sports goods industry and upgrading of products. As a country with a larg
6、e population and a rapidly developing country, with the rapid development of the sports industry and the sustained growth of sports goods demand, it also brings larger development space for the application of new fiber materials in China sporting goods industry. Breakthroughs should be made from the
7、 fiber of all kinds of sports activities in the material of functional, professional, comfort, safety, health and environmental aspects, in order to expand the application of sports in new fiber materials and products. 2. The necessity of application of new fiber materials in sports The new fiber ma
8、terial is different from ordinary natural fiber. The new fiber materials strength, toughness, elastic modulus, elongation and so on are better than conventional 3fibers. Through adding new fibers, we can effectively improve the performance of composite materials, effectively reduce the weight of mat
9、erials, enhance strength and improve the degree of freedom of the design, and make them easy to process molding. Below are the analyses of the advantages of the specific new materials. First of all, new fiber materials have the advantage of being light in weight. Many of the sports are not the study
10、 of human physical strength, but study of skills or comfort. So the weight of this equipment would be appropriate to be light, such as ski, golf etc. Using new fiber materials, these sports facilities can have a better performance. For example, comparing a metal rod made of carbon fiber with the met
11、al one, we can find that the weight of the former reaches only about 40% of new fiber materials, and the mechanical properties are better than the conventional materials. Secondly, new fiber materials are of good design. Metal materials are hard and the flexibility is poor and the plasticity is lowe
12、r, so they are of poor design. With the development of technology and the application of composite materials, sports facilities have a larger design space and more freedom for design range. No matter how complex the shape is, with the use of composite material molding technology we 4can effectively
13、achieve molding design. So, there is a lot of special sports equipment. Sports goods companies develop more sports goods in line with the needs of athletes according to the athletes physical characteristics whose design is more humanized. Finally, new fiber materials have good mechanical properties.
14、 Sports accessories are for all kinds of sports. Because the force will inevitably lead to the stress of sports goods, to make a longer service life and a better sports performance, we must try to improve the mechanical properties of sports equipment. The toughness, strength, modulus and other mecha
15、nical properties of composite materials by adding the new fiber materials are very good. Moreover, the addition of new fiber materials can improve the seismic performance of sports equipment, so the application of new fiber materials in sports science is great. 3. Types and application of new fiber
16、materials There are many kinds of new fiber materials, such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, boron fibers and so on. The fibers have different characteristics and performances, so the new fiber materials used in different sports are not the same. The following are the analysis of the types and applic
17、ation of new 5fiber materials. 3-1. Carbon fibers The experts predict that to 2013, the annual global sporting goods will consume at least 8kt carbon fibers. According to incomplete statistics, the current global annual production of Golf Club is 5 million or so; fishing rod production each year is
18、about 2 thousand and 4 million roots; tennis rackets per year are 6 million or so. All these extensively use carbon fibers as reinforced materials. The reason is that the special properties of carbon fibers allow manufacturers to control product mechanic performances and dynamic performances, which
19、can not be achieved by metal and other materials. For example, the strength and the modulus ratio index of the reinforced composites made of carbon fibers are the highest in the existing materials. In order to meet the requirements of light weight and rigidity, the traditional sports goods are mostl
20、y made of wood and composite materials, but the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) are much better than the wood. So they are widely used in the sports facilities, especially in the following fields. 3-1-1. Fish poles Fishing rods made from CFRP are much lighter than
21、 normal 6fishing rods; the cast rods consume less energy and withdrawal pole distance is 20% farther than the latter. CFRP fishing rod rigidity is better, and the fishing rods are able to recover quickly after the curving, which makes them sensitive to transfer the baits. Reinforced plastics with ca
22、rbon fibers can also be made into fishing reels, whose quality is not more than 40g, but with high fatigue resistance, friction resistance and long service life. 3-1-2. Tennis rackets The tennis rackets made of CFRP are light and hard, rigid and the strain is small, which can reduce the deviation of
23、 the ball and racket contact; at the same time, the damping and amortization of CFRP are better and the contact time can be extended longer, which makes tennis get greater acceleration. For example, the wooden racket contact time is 4.33 ms, steel products 4.09 ms, CFRP rackets 4.66ms, the initial v
24、elocity relative to the ball are respectively 1.38 km/h, 149.6 km/h and 157.4 km/h. 3-1-3. Badminton rackets The badminton rackets made of CFRP are light in weight and rigid and they can avoid the phenomenon of breaking of wood products because of the lack of rigidity, and at the same time, 7they al
25、so have the advantages like the tennis rackets. 3-1-4. Automobile racing The filament composite pipes made of carbon fibers can be used to manufacture the frames of racing or general bicycles, which are characterized by lighter weight. They can be a weight loss of about 50% than the steel frames wit
26、h the total weight of the bicycle loss 15%. 3-1-5. Ski Ski made of CFRP, which is characterized by large rigidity, friction resistance, light weight (generally at about 150g), takes less effort in turn, slope and cross-country race. 3-2. Outlast fibers Outlast fibers are a new type of “air condition
27、ing“ acrylic fibers. The main specifications are 2.2 dtex, 3.3 dtex and 5 dtex, with the length of 51mm, 60 110mm range, and the textile raw materials can be scattered or wool fibers. Now they are widely used in outdoor clothing, such as ski jackets, ski pants, sportswear. Clothing made of outlasts
28、fibers, due to the presence of tens of thousands of the microcapsules with the function of energy conversion, can constantly absorb and release energy to regulate temperature. Therefore, the garment can maintain a comfortable temperature range, and can be used 8to prepare clothing warm in winter and
29、 cool in summer. Outlast fibers can also be mixed with pure spinning, cotton, wool, silk, hemp and other kinds of fibers, which can be woven or knitted and widely used in outdoor clothing, sportswear, shoes, underwear and sports bras. They can reduce the overheating phenomenon, sweat, and can keep o
30、ut the cold, eliminate cold feeling, adapt to consumer needs to heat, which is favored by the vast number of consumers. 3-3. Para aramid Para aramid mainly includes Kevlarof DuPont, Twaron and Technora of Japanese, Russias Armos, Rusar, SVM, Teracron in South Korea and China aramid 1414 etc. Aramid
31、fibers are made by solution of p-phenylenediamine and paraphthaloyl chloride at a low temperature, and then prepare powders polymer. The polymer is dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, and form liquid crystal spinning liquid, and then the liquid crystal spinning is made into fibers by dry jet we
32、t spinning. It is a kind of fiber with high performance, high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, light weight and excellent performances. Its strength is 5 6 times that of steel wires; the modulus is 2 3 times that of steel wires or glass fibers; the toughness is 2 times stronger t
33、han steel, and the quality is only around 1/5 9of the wires. At a temperature of 560, it will not break down, nor melt. It has good insulation and anti-aging performance with very long life cycle. Therefore, to make full use of aramid fiber strength, fatigue resistance and other characteristics of s
34、ports equipment, we can produce motion of the harsh conditions of boxing gloves, mountain climbing shoes, car body, racing helmet, as well as the tennis, ski, archery, fishing rod, kite skeleton, rowing. 3-4. The function of moisture absorption and perspiration fiber In normal circumstances, the bod
35、y temperature will be maintained at about 37. When the human body moves, body temperature will rise, and the perspiration function makes the body temperature return to normal. Moisture wicking forms, and usually discharges to the in vitro through the penetration of the clothing worn. If the clothes
36、function of moisture absorption and perspiration is poor, moisture will be back and forth collision in the human body and clothes, causing discomfort. Use of Coolmax fibers in the most prominent is in the sports fields. At present, the competitive professional sportswear, race suits, moisture-absorb
37、ent and sweat-conductive fibers have become the absolute protagonist, and moisture-10absorbent and fast dry has become the universal demand for sports apparel. 3-5. The negative ion functional fibers Through the use of certain inorganic additive negative ion generating function and fiber-forming pol
38、ymer blended, we can produce negative ion functional fibers. Wearing the sports clothing made of negative ion fibers in the body, under the friction, water vapor and aerobic conditions, the fibers will have a large number of negative ions, forming a negative ion air layer on the skin and clothes, so
39、 as to make the free radicals of body oxygen non-toxic and eliminate oxygen free radicals of various hazards to human health. Negative ion textiles can make the pH value of human body fluids are of alkaline at about 7.4, so as to act the cells, promote the new supersedes the old, purify the blood an
40、d clear the body waste. Accumulation of this function can effectively reduce the lactic acid after exercise and accelerate the recovery of the body. At the same time, the far infrared radiation materials with negative ions can also play a part of antibacterial and bacteriostatic effect. If you choose the underwear, socks and towels woven by negative ion textile fabrics in hiking, field survival, rally, crossing, mountain climbing and other
