1、1Innovative Teaching and Research on Handpainted Performance TechniquesAbstract. The hand-painted performance technique is a compulsory basic course in environmental art design， indoor， landscape design professional. This basic course plays an important role for students to grasp the basic design of
2、 the performance of techniques to understand the design， detailed design， and improve design capabilities. A rendering is the best medium for designer to communicate with non-professionals， playing a role in the decision-making. It is the most direct and effective method for designer to completely e
3、xpress their design ideas and determine the most direct evidence of the designer-quality. In recent years， with the development of modern technology， the use of computer-generated means more， but from the point of view of artistic effect， it is not vivid as hand-painted renderings. Therefore， we sho
4、uld pay attention to the learning of hand-painted renderings， make the student a clear hand-painted knowledge in the technique courses in theory； in fact， to impose practical teaching methods not only can promote them to master the techniques of hand-painted performance， but also 2has a great signif
5、icance for students in the practice of creative design in the future， constantly enhancing the ability to refine the design program. Key words： hand-drawn map， performance， strokes， techniques 1 Introduction Hand-painted performance techniques an important professional compulsory courses in a variet
6、y of design professionals， such as architectural design， landscape design， interior design， landscape design， fashion design， industrial design， and the professional learning. Before it， there must be some basis of these professional courses， including colors， pen drawing， and perspective. In the ma
7、jor of Environmental Art Design， as the hand-painted performance technique is the basis of the environmental art design course， it is also the most important one of the courses. So， for the hand-painted on the performance of innovative teaching and research techniques， to talk about my few comments：
8、 2 Composition， Perspective， Proportion and Performance Firstly， draw a hand-painted renderings， the step is 3composition - perspective - proportion - performance. 2.1 Composition According to the requirements of the theme and the theme of the painting to the performance of the image appropriately o
9、rganized to constitute a complete picture of a co-ordinate called composition. Composition shall strive to moderately full， moderate， complete， relatively stable， the appurtenant all should patchwork associated with echoes， allowing viewers to produce the main clear， methodical psychological feeling
10、s. Composition should modest handle the “blank“ and the outer contour to make the picture has a sense of art. 2.2 Perspective Perspective is the premise of learning hand-painted renderings， is also one of the most important link. Hand-painted renderings used one-point perspective， parallel perspecti
11、ve， two point perspective （a brief two-point perspective， angular perspective） ， and three-point perspective， multi-point perspective （cavalier perspective）. The advantages of one-point perspective are a wide range of performance， easy to grasp； drawback is the screen dull and not lively. The advant
12、ages of two-point perspective are the picture is lively and vivid； drawback is that the angle of the 4inappropriate choice of easy deformation and difficult to master. In addition， near the far smaller， near real far virtual perspective are the basic requirements； segmentation of different angles， c
13、ircles， curves， and geometry and perspective， also belong to the perspective of the scope of the study. Perspective angle choice is also crucial， usually according to a persons eye level height （normal 1.6 to 1.8 m） ，the furniture and interior scenes are generally used in micro-prone （overlooking th
14、e minor） ； landscape sketch， half of the outdoor scenes， the selection of micro-Yang （slightly looking up） ； birds eye view selected overlooking to show the whole picture of the landscape for the purpose. 2.3 Ratio The ratio is the scene of the indoor and outdoor furniture， decorative or landscape p
15、lants according to the perspective of the elevation to cross-reference， and ultimately achieving the effect of the analog. Proportion is the problem to be solved following the composition and perspective. After mastered the home design， to draw the basic dimensions of landscape plants and ergonomic，
16、 this can refer to data sets for the interior design and residential area planning and design data set. 52.4 Performance Performance includes the techniques of performance of line art and color artwork. Line art includes the practice straight lines， vertical lines， diagonal lines， curves， texture， a
17、nd plant and stroke line. The straight-line practice is to draw followed by 5 5，10 10，20 20 cm box， and then turn inside to draw a straight line， vertical and diagonal line spacing is relatively uniform and fine， requirements must be straight， not out of line， can not fail to put in place to ensure
18、that the requirements of each line can be “straight， stable， fast and accurate“； curves， texture， plant and strokes， lines， and often practice， memorize， master lines of the law in order to hand-painted the excellent indoor and outdoor line version of the map. The line art is the key to the success
19、of a hand-painted rendering， of course， the performance of the color can be the icing on the cake， line art and color issued on the performance ratio is 6： 4. 3 Stroke， Monomer， King， Sketching Secondly， practice the stroke material， monomer， with King and sketch training. 3.1 Material Strokes Rich
20、scene renderings of the visual impact， the actual is 6to enrich the variety of materials and with King and embellishment. Only to portray them accurately in place， it will achieve the desired picture effect， creating the environment in perfect harmony， and reproducing the scene space for artistic ef
21、fect. Materials include wood， stone， glass， metal， stainless steel， fabric and so on. Designers subjective prompted for the purpose of the movement of pen on paper， left the track that is stroke. In accordance with the surface of the object shape and structure of the transition relation and directio
22、n of the brush； strokes in the use of the process， you should pay attention to the arrangements of point， line and surface. The combinations of Strokes should not be single， it should be changes， and otherwise the screen will appear to be dull. 3.2 The Performance of the Monomer Monomer refers to th
23、e furniture， lamps， plants and landscape sketch， the scene refers to the indoor and outdoor small， medium and large scenes. Map of performance is not just the draft of the color performance； in fact， most of the performance is the line art. So-called “tone“ here is referred to “strokes“ and the “Bru
24、sh Strokes“ include objects， shadow， texture， plant performance and so on. The proportion of line 7art and color artwork is 6：4， so the performance of a hand-painted rendering of line art is critical. 3.3 With King Performances With King refers to the people， vehicles and trees. The most important t
25、hing is the “tree“ that is， flowers， grass， tree performance. Plant performance should be random， natural， embodying a kind of vitality. It can refer to the “human attitudes“ or hand-book on the dynamic character modeling. “Vehicle“ includes cars， jeeps， and vans. Cars and other combination should u
26、se perspective， proportion， and fashions to draw. 3.4 Sketch Training The sketch is to training at anytime anywhere， and the ability to reach shorthand and silent painting. The sketch is an essential link in the practice of teaching， needs to practice often， and do persevere. The step to enhance the
27、 performance ability of the line art is： firstly， line practice. The line includes a straight， vertical， diagonal lines， curves and texture lines； followed by monomer with King. Monomer includes furniture， lamps， plants and landscape sketch； last Scene practice. Scenes include indoor and outdoor sma
28、ll， medium and large scenes； the middle can be 8interspersed with indoor and outdoor sketching training. 4 The Interior and Exterior Color， Color Performance Again， it is the integrated use of various techniques， line art to practice before the color performance. 4.1 Marker The marker is the most co
29、mmonly used hand-drawn map the performance of tools. The marker is generally used in alcoholic， stud， import marker as the best commonly used in about 60 colors. The using of Marker has two kinds of regular and irregular： the strokes of the rules are generally used for the performance of the furnitu
30、re， walls， roads， etc.， irregular brush strokes are generally used for the performance of the plant， green， and some texture effects. As its rich colors， paint quick， easy to use， strong expression， and also for a variety of paper， saving time and effort， so in recent years， Marker has become the d
31、painting tools of designers. Beginners to draw a hand-painted rendering can use the following methods： （1） firstly， draw with a cold gray or warm gray marker basic light and dark tone. （2） In the brush process， the number of times of pen should not be too much. In the first pass color is dry， and th
32、en over the second color， it should be accurate and fast. Otherwise the 9color will be oozing open into the cloudy-like， without the characteristics of the marker transparent and clean. （3） In the performance of the marker， the strokes are mostly to cable-based， a regular organization of the directi
33、on and density of the lines， to form a unified visual style. It can use the row of pens， pen points， jump pen， halo， blank and other methods need to be flexible. （4） Marks does not have strong coverage， light can not cover the dark. Therefore， to renderings color process， it should be first on light
34、-colored and then cover the heavy darker the color. And pay attention to the harmony between color， avoid using too bright colors should be neutral colors is appropriate. （5） The simple use of the pen will inevitably leave insufficient. So， it should be used in conjunction with the color of lead， wa
35、tercolors and other tools. Sometimes use alcohol once again to reconcile， then there will be a magical effect on the screen. 4.2 Color Pencil The colored pencil is another important tool of hand-painted， color pencils are generally imported， and the 48-color water-soluble color is the best. Colored
36、pencils are generally used in two ways： （1） Tile： a large area of color， does not reflect the strokes， two similar colors or 10contrasting colors when the color gradient. （2） Strokes： the indoor part of the ground， the landscape of the shadow or outdoor scene， the sky uses stroke performance. 4.3 In
37、tegrated Painting Integrated painting includes color paper jam， watercolor， colored pens， colored chalk， and a variety of brush combination with each other. Mark pen and colored pencils in general are often used in combination. 4.4 The Color Issue Steps Enhance the color is issued on the performance
38、 of steps： the first is to copy some excellent hand-painted renderings works； followed by photos into hand-drawn map； finally， to create hand-painted works， forming their own style. 5 Copying Photos， Pictures Copying photos means to make the pictures and photos into hand-painted interior and exterio
39、r renderings. This requires some architectural sketches the basis of generalization from simple to complex， step by step. Although at the beginning there are some difficulties and not suited to， but you must overcome the difficulties and persevered. To learn hand-drawn diagram， there is no “shortcut“， if there is， that is diligent practice.
