1、1Investigation and Study on Folk Maixilaifu in Shache UyghurAbstract. Maixilaifu is a popular cultural activity combined singing and dancing with folk entertainment in Uyghur. Shache bazarMaixilaifu and KaqunMaixilaifu are traditional forms in Shache town， Kashi city， which are regional， unique， and
2、 spontaneous. This paper analyzes Shache bazhaMaixilaifu and KaqunMaixilaifu based on collected materials from field survey， and thinks about how they make cultural performance. Keywords： Uyghur， Maixilaifu， Shache 1. Introduction “Maixilaifu” is the language of Uyghur， which means “a joyful square；
3、a party full of singing and dancing “. It is a kind of popular cultural activity combined singing and dancing with folk entertainment in Uyghur. Maixilaifu is a musical activity combined with a variety of folk dances， entertainment and customs. So it not only enriches peoples spiritual life， but als
4、o helpsto spread the art and carries forward the moral social effects. Maixilaifuin in different areas of Xinjiang has 2different local characteristics， among which Shache Maixilaifuinis very representative， also known as the source and soil of “twelve Mukam”. 2. Investigation of survey point It is
5、said that if you have not been to Kashi， then you have not been to Xinjiang. Xinjiang has a vast territory and abundant resources. Shache， as the most populous county in KashiXinjiang， and alsothe hometown of twelve Mukam， with a long history， deep culture， a unique geographical environment， a pure
6、folk， is a unique county in Xinjiang province. Shache County is located in the southwest border of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region， Northwest side of KunLun， southwest fringe of the Taklimakan Desert. It is a historical and cultural city combined cultural landscape with natural landscape， Cent
7、ral Asian culture with western culture. Shache County has a total area of 8955.65 square kilometers， 1570000 acres of arable land， jurisdiction over 7 districts， 7 towns， 22 townships， the total population of 744200， of which the Uyghur accounted for 94.6% of the total population. There are many kin
8、ds of maixilaifu in Shache. This unique art form， with protection and development， is still active in 3peoples lives. This paper mainly discusses the typical Shache Bazar Maixilaifu and Kaqun Maixilaifu. 3. Bazar maixilaifu Bazar is Uyghur language. It means farmers market， which is both in urban an
9、d rural areas throughout Xinjiang. In southern Uighur area， almost in every town and traffic junction， there is a bazaar. Bazar in Xinjiang is where theyengage in business activities. The time of Shache Bazaar Maixilaifu is closely connected with the time of bazaar. The way of life and the tradition
10、al culture created by Uyghur have something to do with their survival oasis in varying degrees. In some places in the Kashi region， a township is an oasis， even a natural village is a small oasis， and various oases are surrounded by desert and Gobi. People living in oasis not only exchange for mater
11、ial products in the bazaar， but also to meet the spiritual and cultural needs. The Uighurs by bazaar， in the completion of the other people around lifestyle identification process， enhance the understanding of their belonging to the groups way of life， so that people around the oasis are different i
12、n the specific lifestyle. Bazaar has a strict time period， usually in the arrangement of the week， seven days for a cycle of time， 4every day can become a bazaar day. Different location placecan have the same bazaar， and the same place also can have more than one bazar that appears in turn. Many vil
13、lages names are named by local bazaar day. This phenomenon clearly shows the effect of Bazar culture and in the Uygur society. Such as， yekshenbe Bazar means Sunday market， dushenbe Bazar means Monday market， seyshenbe Bazar means Tuesday market， charshenbe Bazar means Wednesday market， peyshenbe Ba
14、zar means Thursday market， jume Bazar meansFriday market， Xianbai Bazar means Saturday market， etc. Until today， the farmers also used to sell food， livestock， and even vegetables， matches and other items in the bazaar， or buy the items they need even in the Maixilaifu activities. The bazaar has bec
15、ome an important economic activityday， spirit day， visiting friends and relatives day， as well as young men and women dating day. Shache bazar Maixilaifu is a weekly day bazaarheld in the park. Maixilaifu will reach a climax in the afternoon. Maixilaifu is seasonal， for its hot in spring， summer， an
16、d autumn， the number of participants is particularly high， it can last 7-8 hours， while winter is cold， the numbe reduces and time is short， usually lasts for 5-6 hours. When the market crowds gathered at this time， Maixilaifu 5artists begin playing music， and thenpeople of all ages come in and out，
17、 among which the oldest is 90 year old， the youngest is an infant in mothers arms， then a lot of people， hundreds of people to the periphery of the bursting at the seams， field. Market day in Maixilaifu is spontaneous， theres no leader， and singing， playing， and the presence of performing artists pl
18、ay a leading role. People take part in the Maixilaifu basically is market farmers from the village， mostly ranging in age， but there is one thing in common， Maixilaifuis of improvisation and randomness. A Maixilaifu artist has no rules， who in the field who sings； there are several artists show at t
19、he scene， had they start singing， playing and performing team. In the course of the investigation， I understand that some artists often to participate in this market day Maixilaifu， their performance have become a habit of acting. Artists who claim to be Dao Lang （Dolan） Maixilaifu artist lived main
20、ly in the east of the river area in accordance with the Dao Langigerqi， beshken， qarasu. The Yarkant River in the West Bank pekqi， according toishqul area， and charek， odanliq and other towns. Folk artists representative Qawuz sidiq， Memettura emet， Yadi yaqup， 6Iminniyaz memtiz， Rozi siyit， Qadir y
21、usup， Imin tursun， buy the shock， Meshuqahun， Tursunniyaz hoshur and so on. They are mainly in Maixilaifu in the Dao Lang dance accompaniment. According to the content and the way of Dao Lang Maixilaifu， it can be divided into music， dance， entertainment and punish. The music follows the order of th
22、e rhythm from chikitma， senem， saliqa，to serilma， from slow to fast. They have entered the circle dance， dance， to beat rhythm， dignified， cheerful， and beautiful. This combination of song and dance is to live up to ones name of folk art. After several rounds after the end of the song， Maixilaifu en
23、tered the entertainment game， showedentertainment and dance stage by stage， in addition to a variety of entertainment and folk art， unique Maixilaifu games are as follows： offering tea， couplet of poetry and other activities. Offering tea couplet activity program is as follows： the young man put it
24、on one hand， subtly from the armpit out without spilling a little drops of water， and then sing folk songs or read two rhymed couplet， the tea bowl to the chosen people， and then the tea must sing or read poetry can meet the bowl， repeat the above procedure， such a small bowl of the passed from hand
25、 to hand， around the. Such as the transfer of overflow water to 7take or not the end， even if the foul， penalty for all show or tell jokes. The poem refers to the song folk or writes a poem， a riddle guessing， they guess， guess wrong mystery and I cannot both be punished. Offering tea has a rich cul
26、tural connotation， associated with the Uygur Folk Tea culture. Uighur Chay has a lot of derived meanings. Therefore， there are good things in life the meaning of symbol offer tea in the game， took the tea， so also in verse and song beautiful companion. The couplet of poetry recitation， the participa
27、nts were asked to have a memory of hundreds of folk songs， poems. Riddles are required to have rich experience of life， life with the folk culture and the oasis agriculture. Through these activities， folk songs and poetry has a long history of cultural tradition to develop and widely spread in the f
28、olk. In addition， in the game and the following performances： dance classes have goose dance， camel， horse dance， dance， dance， dance Zi Kumu struck the rock， and its flower bowl dance， handkerchief and stilt skills such as dance dance； performance are： single or double even said， “now singing， now
29、dancing and singing Laipaier“， content for the praise home and expression of love between men and women； rap with Dastan and library summer Keqi 8singing. Maixilaifu penalty includes“economic punishment“ and “punished“. The former one is sent out of fruit， food for the use of Maixilaifu public， the
30、heavy penalty is arranging an“apology Maixilaifu“， while the latter is even if people laugh and make the punished person to learn the game show. These from the reality game show have become the Maixilaifu practices and retention programs. One of the more typical “baked buns“， “photo“， “marry a two w
31、ife“ and so on， these punishment game with strong comedy， so that all may have been nurtured and moral education in the laughter. 4. Kaqun maixilaifu In 1950， Shache County was the fifth district， renamed as the tenth district in 1956， and renamed as the tenth commune in 1958， set up Kaqun country i
32、n 1984. Shache County is located in the southwest， 60 km away from the county seat. Area of 203 square kilometers， population 14000， is the Uyghur. Kaqun Maixilaifu has the strong regional characteristic in Xinjiang. Kaqun folk artists sing Kaqun Sanaimu. Kaqun Sanaimu combines songs， music， with da
33、nce as a whole， which is a comprehensive art with opera color. It has a total of 9 parts， 105 movements， 2100 lines of poetry. Kaqun sainaimu lyrics 9overture， and Uyghur classic lyrics by poet Meshrep， Zelili， Nawayi and Sopiallayar， such as poetry， the other is the folk poetry. Kaqun Maixilaifu ge
34、nerallyuses national instruments such as tambourine， dutaer， drum， flute， aijieke，rewapu， tanboer， suona. Kaqun Maixilaifu can be handed down from age to age. It is the important role played by several generations of folk artists group. After new China set up， Maixilaifu entered into a more active p
35、eriod. Mamut tembur， Barat dutar， Seyit omermisen， scattered， Semet almas， Tash seydulla and other folk artists， continue hard inheritance Kaqun match is mu， left a complete text for our descendants. In a word， the folk Maixilaifu culture is the main soil of twelve Uyghur Mucamu， and also the main i
36、nheritance and the carrier of other oral Uyghur art and folk forms and propagation. As the ancient art forms， Dao Lang Mucamuin Shache County and Kaqun Sainamu of Kaqun ShandiMaixilaifu， in-depth study the “Twelve Mukam“ occupies an important position. 5. Acknowledgement This article was financially
37、 supported by the “Hongkong Chinese Islamic fraternity Club Scholarship“ and Humanities and Social Science Project of the Ministry of Education “Survey on 10Uyghur Folk Artists “（Grant NO. 10YJA751117）. This paper was also one of the achievements in 2012. Dr. graduate research and financially suppor
38、ted by the innovation project of Northwest University For Nationalities “Study of Folk Artists of Xinjiang Uyghur Mucamu in Shache County MucamuArtists Cases“ （Grant NO. YCX13001）.This paper is one of the achievements of bidding project “ Uygur oral tradition research “in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous
39、Region ethnology doctoral level disciplines. References 1 According to “Folk Artists Questionnaire“， “ A specific kind of oral literature survey “ investigation interviews. 2 Adiya Maimaiti： “Maixilaifu in the Perspective of An Anthropologist “， the Ethnic Publishing House， 2006. 3 Ji Zhou： Daolang Mucamus performance and the coexistence of all kinds of recreational activities， Journal of Xinjiang Arts Institute， 2004 1.
