1、1Immature Thought on the Application of the Two-factor Theory in College Physical Education AdministrAbstract. College physical education, as an important part of college education, is an inevitable outcome of carrying out scientific outlook on development in all rounds and adhering to the principle
2、 of putting people first in high education. However, college physical education administration at present is still faced with many problems such as the reducing quality of enrolled students, the backwardness of hardware facility, problems existing in the team of teachers in college and so on. The au
3、thor in this article makes use of the two-factor theory to analyze the detailed problems confronting college physical education administration and offer solutions to those problems. Key words: college physical education administration the two-factor theory applying VC 1. Introduction Physical educat
4、ion in college has an important place in our countrys college education. College physical education is getting rid of the mode advocating competitive sports and 2pursuing competition results excessively, and is attracting overall students to participate actively in physical exercises and all types o
5、f fitness activities. Apart from this, the emphasis of lifelong education viewpoint in physical education cannot be ignored. Under the circumstance, the author discovers that there are many problems such as the reducing physical quality of enrolled students, the shortage of physical hardware and sof
6、tware facility, the instability of the team of teachers existing in current high school physical education administration. Additionally, the author thinks that we can, from the perspectives of teacher and student, offer tactics to solving problems with the guidance of the two-factor theory. 2.The Tw
7、o-factor Theory and College Physical Education Administration 2.1 The Two-factor Theory At the end of the 1950s, Herzberg interviewed with over 200 American engineers and accountants in Pittsburgh by asking two questions. The two questions were asked to relate the sequence of events which made them
8、satisfied and the duration of the positive feeling, and also to relate the sequence of events which made them dissatisfied and the duration of the negative feeling. Based on answers to the questions, Herzberg began to 3research which events made people feel happy and satisfied about their job and wh
9、ich events made people feel unhappy and dissatisfied about their job. Herzberg found that intrinsic conditions of the job itself led to the satisfaction of staff while extrinsic conditions of the job itself like working environment and work relations often led to the dissatisfaction of staff. He cal
10、led the previous factors “motivators” and the latter “hygiene factors” . From the perspective of medical science, hygiene is to remove things that are harm to health from peoples surroundings. Despite hygiene cannot improve ones healthy level directly, hygiene can prevent disease. Hygiene is not the
11、rapeutic but prophylactic. In Herzbergs opinion, the satisfaction of hygiene factors to staff is just like hygiene (healthcare) to ones health . Those fulfilling ones self-realization and bringing about effects of positive attitudes, satisfaction and motivation are called “motivation factors”3. Acco
12、rding to Herzbergs view, administrative authorities should realize that hygiene factors are essential and only “motivation factors” can make people work better4. 2.2 Overview of College Physical Education Administration in Our Country 4At present, college physical education administration in our cou
13、ntry is still in the period of reform and changing. However, during the process, some problems of college physical education are also revealed. Firstly, it is uncovered that hardware facility of college physical education is lagging behind. Due to college enrollment expansion, the number of college
14、students is increasing gradually. At the same time, students have more time to do physical exercises and consequently have more chances to access sports equipments as college physical education develops towards sports club. In this case, the original fitted sports equipments is far from enough which
15、 lead to the discouragement of students participation in physical exercises. Secondly, most of physical activities held in colleges are competitive sports with relatively high thresholds in which only some students with good performance are allowed to participate. In this case, many students who are
16、 with ordinary physical qualifications and are not very good at competitive performance are naturally excluded from these competitive sports. Thirdly, physical education teachers in our country have relatively low academic levels. In this case, college physical 5education teachers are less motivated
17、 to teach their students well which is harmful to college physical education. Meanwhile, many teachers are with unreasonable knowledge structure which makes their comprehensive ability low. They know well about their basic subjects of their majors but know little about related knowledge such as the
18、principles of sports, education science, and psychology and so on. The above problems are caused by intrinsic factors of both students and teachers, but, from macro point of view, the problems are also rather relevant to the shortage of physical education administration in colleges. 3.The Applicatio
19、n of the Two-factor Theory in College Physical Education Administration 3.1 The Application of the Two-factor Theory in Administration of Students 3.1.1 To Strengthen the Building of Software and Hardware Facilities of College Physical Education According to the two-factor theory, the author, based
20、on the analysis of college physical education administration, thinks that in order to gain students satisfaction, the perfection of hygiene factors is our prime task to avoid students dissatisfaction towards physical education. 6College need to keep improving their physical hardware facilities and m
21、anage them properly so that students can make use of courts and equipments in colleges at their will to do physical exercises. Many top-ranked universities in our country are comparable to American universities. For example, Peking University has a ping-pong venue with about 26,000 square meters wit
22、h 6,000 fixed seats and 2,000 instant seats, which is completely in accordance with the requirement of International Olympic Committee. Ordinary colleges can not be compared to first-rate universities in our country, but basic physical facilities are still required to be perfected. Besides, the scho
23、ol should satisfy students demand of physical courses as much as possible. Firstly, the school should set up physical courses properly, and then, the school should also make its endeavors to improve the quality of the courses and enlarge the ranges of courses. 3.1.2 To Perfect Physical Incentive Mec
24、hanism to Encourage Students to Do Physical Exercises Motivation factors play a very important role in administration of college physical education. Individual growth of students and recognition by teachers belong to successful motivators. The key factor of promoting students to keep going 7ahead is
25、 that students feel happy when they finally succeed by making the unremitting effort. Psychology proves that success gives rise to the positive feeling and creates nobler motivations. The author thinks that we can encourage students to do physical exercises from the following aspects: to establish g
26、ood environment of physical culture; to further advocate athletic sports creating a vogue of doing physical exercises; to change the rules of campus competitive sports games for enrolling more students to take part in sports games. At present, many colleges pay much attention to sports game and comp
27、etition of all kinds of balls. And those games have such high requirements on players that a majority of students choose to watch games rather than take part in games. 3.2 The Application of the Two-factor Theory in Administration of Teachers 3.2.1 To Do a Good Job of Administrating PE teachers and
28、Stabilize Team of Teachers Administration of teachers is an important part of college physical education management. The working and living environment of teachers is the essential hygiene factor to the work of teaching for teachers. College should try their best to create a good working 8environmen
29、t for PE teachers. In view of the particularity of physical courses, college should be equipped with enough facilities. Additionally, college should be fair regarding treatment on different teachers. Besides, college should enhance administration, listen to the opinions of PE teachers and maintain a
30、 good relationship among PE teachers and a good relationship between PE teachers and teachers of other subjects. Regarding all kinds of promotion conditions and teachers individual welfare and wages, college should treat them equally without any discrimination. The incentive mechanism of PE teachers
31、 should equal to that of other teachers, and should also be established according to that of other colleges so as to guarantee the fundamental benefits of PE teachers and make team of PE teachers stable. 3.2.2 To Establish Incentive Mechanism to Motivate Teachers Just as the above-mentioned, to PE t
32、eachers, academic levels together with academic research are the largest problems hampering their individual development. For this, college should actively take measures to motivate teachers to make innovation during teaching and make academic research as much as possible. 9College should also take
33、their own advantages to provide PE teachers training opportunities and opportunities of entering a higher school for their better growth. For new and inexperienced teachers, series of pre-post training must be done well. Besides, the range of training programs should be enlarged, for example, in add
34、ition to the essential training programs of physical courses, other training programs like higher education, higher education psychology, higher education laws and regulations, and college teachers professional ethics should also be done to make new teachers quickly adapted into the work and prevent
35、 them from having negative feelings due to the occurrence of insoluble problems during daily work. Apart from this, college should create a conductive environment for scientific research for PE teachers in which they can do research according to their own ideas. Research material and support should
36、be offered to PE teachers in order to encourage them declare some subjects and fully demonstrate their own talent. 4. Conclusions Administration of physical education in universities is a systematic project. Both students and teachers are important factors during college physical education administr
37、ation, and both need hygiene factors and motivators. The two-factor theory 10offers us a method to solute administrative problems in universities. College should realize that hygiene factors are fundamental requirements of doing a good job while only the good application of motivators can make physi
38、cal education administration better. References 1.Yan.Guo. “Talking about the Contents and Organizations of Physical Education Administration.” J Liaoning Radio and TV University Academic Journal 03(2007). 2.Ruilin.Zhang. “Thought on Physical Education Administration System in Normal Universities of
39、 Our Country.” J Shandong Physics Science 01(1998). 3.Shilu.Yan. “Survey on Methods of Physical Education Administration in Normal Universities Under Systematic Scientific Guidance.” J Shanxi Normal University College of Physical Education Academic Journal 02(2001). 4.Ping.Yin & Guanghui.Jing. “Rational Exportation of Innovation of Physical Education Administration.” J Current Physical Science 03(2011). 5.Xia.Wei & Linfeng.Li. “Analysis of the Application of Computers in Physical Education Administration.” J Jilin Province Education College Academic Journal (Subjection Edition)
