1、1Research and Practice of Setting Courses of Comprehensive Practical Training for Posts of ArchitectuAbstract. In this paper, it takes Architectural Engineering Technology Major of Higher Vocational Education (HVE) as an example, and proposes to set courses of comprehensive practical training (CPT)
2、for posts, providing reference for carrying out “411” talent cultivation. Key words: Architectural Engineering Technology Major; “411” cultivation mode; Comprehensive practical training for posts Status Of Courses Of Comprehensive Practical Training In HVE Currently, of the majors of HVE with “411”
3、domestically, the following two practices are prevailing on how to carry out professional comprehensive training courses in the 5th semester: Setting single course of CPT for professional ability. Under the guidance of teachers, the students select an engineering project and independently finish var
4、ious tasks in 2the work process. Taking architectural engineering technology as an example, the requirement of most colleges is: selecting a typical project to require the students to finish various tasks such as preparing project costs documents, preparing construction organization design, surveyin
5、g and lining, and preparing project documents, etc. Setting multi-course of CPT for posts. Setting professional courses of CPT for posts based on employment posts of the program; for instance, setting Comprehensive Practical Training for Surveyors, Comprehensive Practical Training for Construction W
6、orkers, Comprehensive Practical Training for Cost Engineers, and Comprehensive Practical Training for Documenters, etc. Details are as follow. Significance Of Setting Courses Of Comprehensive Practical Training For Posts In HVE Compared with single course of CPT for professional ability, advantages
7、of multi-course of CPT for posts are: (1) Stronger pertinence for post training, based on the posts for civil engineering, courses of CPT for posts carry out trainings with real tasks and processes of the posts, which improve the students adaptability to substituted post exercitations and enable the
8、m to quickly go into characters, 3thus guaranteeing its quality. (2) More comprehensive post training content. Single course of CPT selects a single project, focusing on the entirety and continuity of vocational ability training, but lack of comprehensive and enough training for each post. Multi-cou
9、rse of CPT for posts is flexible in selection, which selects projects based on tasks of the posts for each course, with wider course coverage and more comprehensive post ability training. (3) “One major and multi-ability” or “multi-major and multi-ability” for students. With many posts for civil eng
10、ineering, the students can choose many post courses from the multi-course of CPT for posts in the 5th semester, so as to master vocational ability of multi-posts and realize “one major and multi-ability” or “multi-major and multi-ability”. (4) Shorten the students expectation period for employment a
11、t labor market. Courses of CPT for posts enable the students to choose proper posts as employment will according to the demand condition of the posts in their 3rd college year, and vice versa, so that they can start substituted post exercitations when finishing the courses. Compared with the practic
12、e that determines posts at the school beginning, this 4shortens the students expectation period for employment at labor market, being more conducive to their employment. Development And Implementation Of Courses Of Comprehensive Practical Training For Posts In Civil Engineering Of HVE In “411”, the
13、first “1”is the core which integrates the knowledge and improves ability that the students learn in the first four semesters, and acts as school simulated training for substituted post exercitations outside school in the 6th semester, playing a key role in training vocational ability. Architectural
14、Engineering Department of Xuchang Vocational Technical College has established “411”since 2005; with ceaseless exploration, we have many attempts in developing and implementing courses of CPT for posts in the 5th semester, our main practices are: Confirming The Goal For Courses Of Comprehensive Prac
15、tical Training For Posts The goal of civil engineering is to cultivate skilled talents with high quality for production, technology, management and service in construction industry, with the posts of construction worker, quality auditor, safety officer, surveyor, cost engineer and documenter, etc. B
16、ased on the orientation of such cultivation goal and posts, we confirm the 5course ability goal for courses of CPT for posts in civil engineer as: Being able to read working plans and as-built drawing, and operate general measuring instrument, having the ability of construction layout and acceptance
17、 survey, preparing and documenting technical documents of civil engineering; mastering conventional construction technologies of civil engineering, meeting the ability requirement of middle construction worker; having the ability of calculating simple construction project costs and preparing constru
18、ction organization plan, participating in tender offer; having preliminary management ability for construction projects. Knowledge goal is determined by ability goal, and quality goal determined by post requirement. Confirming The Arrangement Of Courses Of Comprehensive Practical Training For Posts
19、We learn the demand of the post in civil engineering at labor markets through sufficient survey, so we decide to set five comprehensive practical training courses: Comprehensive Practical Training for Drawing Reading, Comprehensive Practical Training for Documenters, Comprehensive Practical Training
20、 for Cost Engineers, Comprehensive Practical Training for Surveyors, 6and Comprehensive Practical Training for Construction Workers. Comprehensive Practical Training for Drawing Reading comes first, then Comprehensive Practical Training for Documenters, Comprehensive Practical Training for Cost Engi
21、neers and Comprehensive Practical Training for Surveyors in parallel, of which the students can choose one according to their employment will. Comprehensive Practical Training for Construction Workers comes last before comprehensive defence. Details are as follow: Confirming The Course Contents Of C
22、omprehensive Practical Training For Each Post We construct typical work situations for the posts by selecting projects based on the works of each post for courses of CPT to design tasks as practical training content. Specifically, the course contents of CPT for each post are as follow: Main content
23、of CPT for Drawing Reading: read the architectural working drawings and structural working drawings of “villa construction”, “residential housing”, “office building”, and “single-storied factory”. Main content of CPT for Surveyors: CPT of surveyors level, theodolite, total station, acceptance survey
24、 and survey and layout of civil engineering projects. 7Main content of CPT for Documenters: classify and file documents of construction projects, manage documents and data of employer (Class A), documents and data of supervision unit (Class B) and documents and data of construction unit (Class C), p
25、repare and settling as-built drawings (Class D), file, bind, accept and deliver the engineering data. Main content of CPT for Cost Engineers: learn the drawings, master calculation rules and work amount calculation of foundation, overground main work and decoration, settle and summarize the entire p
26、roject. Main content of CPT for Construction Workers: making the organization scheme for construction of foundation, main work, roofing, decoration and civil project. Confirming Content, Teaching Method and Examination for Courses of Comprehensive Practical Training for Posts Project teaching method
27、 is adopted to make entire and unit course plans and prepare ability practices as per real projects, and to edit textbooks. Multi-media, role playing and simulation and orientation teaching methods are used. 70% of the result is formative exam and 30% is defence. Effects and Precautions of Courses o
28、f Comprehensive Practical Training for Posts 8Effects The courses of CPT for posts are set in the 5th semester, so that the students can experience complete and true skill trainings for each post, thus laying solid foundation for substituted post exercitations. We provided courses of CPT for posts f
29、or the students of Grade 2010. The follow-up surveys of the graduates show that the students vocational ability and quality are overall practiced and improved by the courses which mainly are: Overall improved professional knowledge and skills. Courses of CPT for posts are comprehensive trainings for
30、 basic and major courses, through which the students can solve problems in vocational activities with their knowledge, thus digesting the knowledge to improve professional knowledge and skills. Improved ability for analyzing and solving problems. The courses are both integration of professional know
31、ledge and skills and simulated practices for future posts. CPT shortens the adapting period to substituted post exercitations by providing the students with basic work experience, ensuring its quality and effect. Enterprises are more satisfied with the intern students who have learned the courses th
32、an before. Teamwork and hard-working are developed. As simulated 9training for substituted post exercitations, the courses emphasize on real working environment for student-to-social man transformation; the courses improve both the students knowledge ability and vocational quality. We see the change
33、 of their spiritual outlook, the progress in teamwork and hard-working. Problems Teachers comprehensive ability needs to improve. Project teaching which is carried out in courses of CPT for posts requires higher quality of teachers in two respects; firstly, teachers not only teach, but also develop
34、and design, plan and prepare, summarize and give defence for teaching projects; secondly, integration of theory and practice requires the teachers to know both theory and operation. Therefore, to promote courses of CPT for posts, we must intensify training for teachers to train a “double teacher” te
35、acher team that master both theory and operation. Restriction of hardware. For project teaching, an ideal course of CPT for posts should meet the following conditions as a minimum: combining theory and practice skills of the post, coming from actual production process of enterprises, having definite
36、 and specific achievement show. It requires a lot for equipment and facility 10of practical training to meet these conditions. Some courses are not available, or training projects are not overall enough in the available ones, with the effects impacted due to restrictions. Project teaching is conduci
37、ve to arousing the students interest by research project and practice as well as students response to increase studying effect. However, researches on how to reform studying mode, guiding strategy of effective independent study and cooperative study are not sufficient due to experience shortage, whi
38、ch needs further study in future References 1 Hu Xingfu. Practice and Thought of Comprehensive Practical Training of Construction for Construction Major J.Chinese Vocational and Technical Education, 2006 (3) （20） 2 Xu Zhizhong, Lu Yang. Construction of Course System of Architectural Engineering Tech
39、nology Major under 411 Talent Cultivation Mode in HVE J. Communication of Vocational Education, 2011 (20) 3 Wang Zhi, Liu Hongyan. Innovation Research on Course Development of Comprehensive Business Practical Trainings for Economic and Management Major in HVE J. Chinese Vocational and Technical Education, 2010 (11)
