1、1Study of Optimal Allocation of Chinas poverty reduction resourcesAbstract: The poverty is to help develop the economy in poor areas and poor households, the development of production, out of poverty as a social work, designed to assist poor households in poor areas to develop production, to change
2、the poor outlook. 2011 annual national poverty reduction conference held in Beijing in November, the poverty line standard or re-raised. Due to historical and natural reasons, among regions and within regions, economic development is very uneven, the eastern and the western economic and technologica
3、l level are very different, especially development of productive forces is very slow in poor areas. Take measures to actively support the rich to help poor areas and poor households, to accelerate the economic development of poverty-stricken areas, the consolidation of national defense has an import
4、ant role in enhancing social stability and unity, accelerate social construction, the proper handling of ethnic relations, and carry forward the revolutionary tradition. Poverty alleviation in the framework of a harmonious society, enhance the role and significance of the family and other aspects of
5、 urban and rural 2residents are more prominent. Key words: Poverty alleviation; resource allocation; optimization 0 Introductions The State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and the 2011 National Conference on poverty reduction was held in Beijing on November 29, 2011. The meeting
6、will sum up the experience of the 2011 anti-poverty work, analysis of the current poverty alleviation situation, and in 2012 the poverty alleviation work to make the deployment. Standard of poverty alleviation line adjustment has been one of the most attentions in the poverty alleviation work meetin
7、g. Director of the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office Fan Xiaojian, 2010, during the two sessions, the poverty line, our country is currently facing reality, is an objective reality. A certain stage of social and economic development, relative to peoples needs, resources, always show the relat
8、ive scarcity, the rational allocation of limited, the relative scarcity of resources, so that with the least resource-consuming production the most suitable goods and services, to obtain the best benefits. Resource allocation is reasonable or not, has an 3extremely important impact on the success or
9、 failure of a countrys economic development. 1 Pro-poor allocation of resources and low efficiency Investment for poverty reduction comes mainly from the central government budget. Poverty alleviation funds, as a low-cost or no-cost resource in Chinas economic situation are clearly a high scarcity v
10、alue of resources. But in our current system, the government is both the poverty alleviation resources providers, but also poverty reduction resource demand. Therefore, how to regulate the governments behavior has become a fundamental issue in the pro-poor allocation of resources. However, Chinas la
11、ws and regulations only introduced in 1997, the National Poverty Alleviation Fund Management, not to mention the management approach has been out of touch with economic development, its provisions are also very macro, there is no issues related to refined , and its maneuverability is doubtful. In ad
12、dition, the relevant local organizations carrying out effective supervision department are bare. These are the institutional factors that affect poverty alleviation efficiency of resource allocation. Government in the national poverty reduction construction projects, both policy-makers, investors, i
13、mplementers, but also a poverty alleviation 4project implementation monitoring and effectiveness of the main assessment. Take poverty the most important form of “food for work“ for it, when the state relief program funds allocated to local governments, in fact, put the responsibility and authority o
14、versee the use of these resources while giving local governments -county, township and an organization. In the case of “referee“ and “athletes“ a shoulder double as agents of the State of national cadres, their objective function, from an economic point of view, is a very complex utility function. P
15、recisely because of this, county, township-level supervisory agent, the unreliable nature has a natural. This lack of external oversight, often poverty alleviation of the phenomenon of loss and waste of funds, even the breeding of corruption, embezzlement and other corrupt practices. In the anti-pov
16、erty action, the Governments main role should be advocacy function, legislation and law enforcement functions, functions led to publicize the demonstration function, coordination, evaluation and incentive function “. Political science “limited theory also tells us that the role of government is a bo
17、undary, some governments to discipline the tube bad things should be delegated to the market or intermediary organizations. Poverty counties now “bus 5corruption“ phenomenon, it is the poverty alleviation work witch hunt, misappropriation of poverty relief funds, and even the consequences of corrupt
18、ion; it is the inefficient use of poverty alleviation resources. Therefore, poverty is not just a protection system to determine the legal basis for anti-poverty, but also need the introduction of market mechanisms in our poverty reduction strategy to market forces to balance the interests of the ga
19、me pattern in the Poverty Alleviation Fund. 2 Science and efficient allocation of poverty alleviation resources to the needs of the community Poverty alleviation and development from the outset, in accordance with the essence of socialism requirements established starting point and normalized to shr
20、ink, to liberate the productive forces, the development of productive forces, eliminate exploitation, eliminate polarization, and ultimately achieve common prosperity as its guide to action. Poverty alleviation and development work characteristics reflected the core requirements of building a social
21、ist harmonious society, Chinas poverty alleviation and development from the outset, to solve the urban and rural, regional, economic and social development very uneven affecting their vital interests as their own work tasks and requirements. 6Supported by blood transfusion to the hematopoietic type
22、shift; means of poverty alleviation and development, to take the social poverty alleviation, authorities designated, and the party leadership hanging aid, East and West collaboration measures; policy, continue to increase capital investment at the same time, in terms of materials, projects to these
23、areas to implement the tilt. These work initiatives and requirements, always around people-oriented that the main line will be people-centered philosophy throughout in all stages of the poverty alleviation and development, and its essence is the people-oriented in the specific work practice embodies
24、, to fully reflect a harmonious socialist society the core requirements. Constantly improve the implementation of mechanisms and measures to assist poor households out of poverty projects established incentives, more scientific and effective configuration of the poverty alleviation resources, give f
25、ull play to the “blood“ feature of the aid project. At the same time to add up poor households income and source of livelihood conditions, to understand the effect of poverty relief funds and put forward relevant guidance to ensure that poverty reduction efforts to achieve tangible results. A planne
26、d, focused efforts to the renovation of dilapidated 7buildings in the policy to reflect a fair and impartial. To take full advantage of the immigration policy, and effective use of aid funds, giving priority to the good poor households housing security issues, and then gradually completed the task o
27、f renovation of dilapidated buildings in other households. Efforts to conduct village appearance remediation work, the country has fundamentally changed the new look. In addition to further efforts to make the engineering construction of roads with hard ground, but also promote the planning and cons
28、truction of waste disposal, Cultural Square and other infrastructure, landscaping green countryside. Encourage the village labor force to actively participate in skills training, promotion of labor employment. Investigated thoroughly, and understand the fresh beginning of the village, the high schoo
29、l graduates, the appropriate reward for positive employment outside the home or attending technical school personnel. 3 Legal system improve poverty alleviation resource allocation rate Notwithstanding the principal leaders of the poverty-stricken areas of rush to the barren land to artificially cre
30、ate a “bright spot“ to attract the attention of leadership, laying the foundation for their own promotion; but does not 8reject some would like to expand its influence through this form of propaganda. to attract foreign investors to carry out his construction. Alleviation resources in recent years a
31、re more and more, but fewer and fewer people out of poverty, helping the poor use of resources becoming less and less effective. Poverty alleviation resources are less than that of the original tenth. Poverty alleviation resources are configured by the cadres, who ran who gave ground. Went to the po
32、verty alleviation resources to cost, resources has been a reduction by one level allocated. These resources to the project sites, to the community how to use or cadres have the final say. Many poverty-stricken areas to engage in the tender, the cadres presided over the right to participate in the bi
33、dding are a very small number of wealthy people. In many places, poor resources and the allocation of public resources has become the trading game of power and capital. If you use the legal system to configure the anti-poverty resources would surely be cadres power configuration is more effective. 4
34、 The introduction of market mechanisms to increase the rate of pro-poor allocation of resources Rural grassroots organizations as the most grass-roots anti-poverty organizer and leader directly face the rural poor, 9responsible for anti-poverty specific implementation tasks. However, due to the lack
35、 of external oversight, often the loss and waste of the poverty relief funds, and even breeding ground for corruption, embezzlement and other corrupt practices. In this event, the local township governments failings are obvious, director of the Township financial regulation in place, they all “overs
36、ight“. Present in grass-roots government to fulfill and to complete the process of rural anti-poverty duties and tasks, the management objectives are more focused on the economic and social development of part of primary jurisdiction and completed higher levels of government, a mandatory plan, the u
37、se of funds for poverty reduction, poverty alleviation project the choice is often difficult to poor households. It is also anti-poverty funds have been misappropriated, the local township government on this “seeing“ the root cause. With the establishment of the socialist market economic system, on
38、the one hand, the operation of the conventional poverty reduction strategies rely on the strong involvement of the Government, on the other hand, the autonomy of the impulse of the market economy and cost-consciousness and the configuration way too much emphasis on the role of government lot of fric
39、tion. Poverty reduction market mechanisms 10and social mechanisms developmental lag, leading to low efficiency of pro-poor investment in some places, poverty alleviation and development limited effect of the important reasons. In the anti-poverty action, the Governments main role should be advocacy
40、function, legislation and law enforcement functions, functions led to publicize the demonstration function, coordination, evaluation and incentive function “.To reverse this loss of anti-poverty funds, improve the utilization efficiency of poverty relief funds, should be adjusted to change the gover
41、nments poverty alleviation functions, top-down reform and anti-poverty mechanism to break the pattern of single rely on government administrative organization helping the poor, government mechanisms, market mechanisms and the combination of social mechanisms. 5 Resources on Poverty Measurement and P
42、overty configuration mode 5.1 Estimates of the poverty alleviation resources Began to develop the county-level poverty reduction program, the first response to the county level can be used for poverty alleviation, resource measurement and assessment, in order to make planning more tend to operability and can be implemented.
