1、1The Research on the System of Basketball of Our Country in Training Reserve Human CapitalAbstract. Using methods of literature and document, questionnaire investigation, specialist asking, this article gives some corresponding suggestions by market economics, management and governments economics et
2、c. Key words: Basketball; reserve Human Capital; system; malpractice Starting from the description of the malpractice status in the aspect of the training system of the basketball reserve human capital in our country and combining with marketing, management and governmental economy, etc, this paper
3、proposes the reasonable suggestion and strategy for the cultivation and reform of the basketball reserve human capital in our country. The purpose is to provide the reference value for the sustainable development of the basketball in our country. 1 Research Method 1.1 Document and literature method:
4、 this paper has referred to almost a hundred of articles, newspaper and magazines regarding in the cultivation, construction and management, etc 2for the sports reserve human capital to basically understand the research achievement of our sports workers in this field. Also this paper takes reference
5、 and quotation for it. 1.2 Questionnaire investigation method: this paper designs the questionnaire investigation sheet of “On the Existing Problems of Basketball Reserve Human Capital in Our Country” according to the purpose, task and content of this research. It has issued 137 sheets, returned 126
6、 sheets with the recovery rate of 91.97%. 1.3 Specialist asking method: The author has consulted and visited the experts in relevant fields. From January 2006 to December 2006, the author has visited 13 persons. 2 Research Object This paper takes the cultivation and development status of the basketb
7、all reserve human capital in our country as the research object. 3 Results and Analysis 3.1 The cultivation status of the basketball reserve human capital in our country The original director of the basketball management center, Xin Lancheng points out in the article of “Free Our Minds and Forge Ahe
8、ad-Make Arduous Efforts for the Development Chinas 3Basketball Course in 21st Century”: the temporary shortage situation of the basketball reserve human capital in our country has not been fundamentally changed. The training level has been glided. In recent years, some leaders in local sports author
9、ities largely reduce the investment on basketball program, even cut away. The original three-level network has been seriously shrunk. The basketball reserve human capital appears the abruption and the number engaged in basketball training has been reduced year on year. 3.2 Disadvantage of the cultiv
10、ation system of the basketball reserve human capital in our country 3.2.1 It is not scientific and reasonable for the selection for the basketball reserve human capital. There are few cultivation capital channels which take up small proportion. Chinese teenagers are the main force of the constructio
11、n of the basketball reserve human capital and are the biggest group for basketball fans. However, a large amount of potential players could not become the useful persons and the talent waste phenomenon is serious. The reason is largely due to the unscientific and unreasonable selection for the talen
12、ts. Most coaches only select upon their intuitive image from their subjective awareness and self-observation. They do not 4comprehensively consider and select according to the internal indexes including the physiology, mentality, familys inheritance and development extent of the athletes, etc. A lar
13、ge amount of hopeful players have been buried in the hands of the coaches in the basic level with relatively low content of scientific and cultural knowledge. With the reform of our socialist market and economy system, the cultivation of the basketball reserve human capital has taken on the market-o
14、peration road. However, in the initial stage now, the State gradually reduces the investment on it. Although there is the paid training, its proportion is relatively small. Meanwhile, influenced by the traditional cultural education system, most parents seldom invest a large amount of capital to has
15、tily send their children into the sports school, the provincial and citys sports team, traditional basketball school, etc to have the training without great assurance. It results that there are less and less teenagers to be engaged in the basketball training in our country. 3.2.2 The basketball take
16、s up an important position in various sports programs in our country. However with the reform of sports programs management system and the diversification development of sports consumption, the competitive basketball 5has less and less shares in the potential sports market. The competition among var
17、ious programs development provides new challenge for the competitive basketball sport. For a long term, due to the influence of the Olympic strategy, the national games strategy and city game strategy, it makes the collective program of the basketball with great investment and few gold medals get sh
18、ort shrift. Some provincial professional team dismisses, the team shrinks and the reserve force is in shortage. These are the challenges from the traditional system. Seen from the participation in the national competition each year, the number of the youth team is largely lower than that of the adul
19、t team to have abnormal phenomenon. In the amateur training of the basketball, since the amateur training for the teenagers is not systematic and irregular management, it results the great deduction for the quality of the basket training. Since the initiative and the primary training is out of rule
20、and the yield is not high, although some teenagers players have good physical condition, their thought style is not up to mark, their essential technique is not strong, and the technology is rough and they are difficult to become the talents. Seen from the analysis for the above situation, the imple
21、mentation for “the Olympic strategy, the national games 6strategy and city game strategy” is a fatal hit for the development. The achievement in the basketball competition thus suffers from serious reversal. Seen from the statistic analysis for the questionnaire, 82.6% experts think that this is the
22、 most principal obstructive factor for the abruption in basketball reserve capital training in our country. The famous sports sociology Lu Yuanzhen in our country makes the statement:” The Olympic strategy has affected the development of the collective program and the serious landslide of three ball
23、s in China in recent years is the true representation of this disastrous effect.” 3.2.3 There is great loophole in the management aspect for the cultivation system of the reserve human capital. In China, all the sports school, sports team, club and the traditional school, etc are sponsored by the tw
24、o authority departments of the national educational system and sports department. It causes the complexity of the flow line of the reserve human capital training. The trained basketball reserve human capital has respective emphasis for the sports technology level and cultural knowledge study. They c
25、ould not learn from others strong points to offset their weakness and that is the principal reason for the low level of the scientific cultural 7knowledge of our national team now. The low level of the athletes knowledge results in the leak of the athletes in understanding for the skills and the val
26、ue to play the basketball, etc. 3.2.4 For the main force of the middle and primary schools, sports experimental school, the amateur school, colleges and universities to cultivate the basketball reserve human capital in our country, its financial support is also basically afforded by the State with l
27、ess social support. The normal training and competition task could not be guaranteed. Moreover, the educational system is also the institution in our country, thus, it has greatly restricted the space of the cultivation unit to seek for the social support. With the advance of the market reform of ou
28、r economic system, various cultivation units and organizations in our country will speed up the marketization operation. Secondly, the basketball seeds in the middle and primary schools do not unify or coordinate when entered into a higher cultivation unit. Some enter into the university while other
29、s enter into sports school and sports team, etc. It is not like NBA that forms an organic human cultivation chain from the primary school-middle school-university (NCAA)-NBA. 83.2.5 In the cultivation process of the basketball reserve human capital, the yield rate is very low with the unbalance betw
30、een the input and the output. At present, the present situation for the cultivation of the basketball reserve human capital is in the extensive state of high investment, low yield and low yield rate. A large of athletes with low level of scientific knowledge, low degree and poor professional skills
31、emerge into the society, causing great employment pressure for the society. 3.2.6 There is no guarantee for the employment allocation when the athletes leave the team. It has not formed a set of employment mechanism corresponded with the socialist market economy. Due to the restriction and influence
32、 of the cultivation system of the traditional basketball reserve human capital, our basketball reserve human capital in our country do not have high scientific and cultural quality, they have poor ability to master the social skills along with the present status of high investment and mortality for
33、the basketball in our country, it results that the basketball athletes in our country are faced with great difficulty in receiving the re-education and employment on the society. 3.3 Reasons for the malpractice in the cultivation system of the basketball reserve human capital 93.3.1 The sports syste
34、m reform is slow and could not adapt to the new development of socialist market economy. Some management, cultivation and competition systems formed in the planned economy system, such as the “the Olympic strategy”, “the national strategy”, etc are still existing in the cultivation environment of th
35、e basketball reserve human capital in our country and seriously hinders the construction and sustainable development of the basketball reserve human capital. 3.3.2 The educational system and sports system have been separated from the cultivation of the basketball reserve human capital for a long ter
36、m and do not combine together. The result is that since most athletes have low level of the scientific knowledge, they are difficult to choose the occupation, increase great burden for the society and cause a lot of idle employees. 3.3.3 The comprehensive quality for the coaches in the basic level i
37、s to be improved. This point has been proved from the yield rate in recent years. For some players with good physical condition and psychological quality have been buried in the hand of the coaches in the basic level, so it is urgent to improve the comprehensive quality of the basketball coach in 10
38、our country. 3.3.4 Since our education system is the national institution, so, the step to the market in the cultivation process is relatively slow that the capital resource is single, the development is unstable and the competition practice chance is less. In recent years, the successful holding of
39、 CUBA in our country provides a good example for the cultivation of the basketball reserve human capital in our country. 4 Conclusions and Counter-measure 4.1 To play the integrated effect of the sports system and education system to jointly cultivate the basketball reserve human capital It needs to
40、 fully break the barrier between the traditional education and sports system and coordinate the relationship between the two. Under the governments leadership, it needs to unify the thought and renew the concept to complement each others advantages and concentrate the advantage force. According to the rules and features of the sports, education and social development, it is to fully improve the comprehensive quality and ability of the basketball reserve human capital in our country. 4.2 To strengthen the management of various basketball cultivation units and improve the interior environment
