1、2009 年 10 月高等教育自学考试北京市命题考试欧洲文化入门 试卷 (课程代码 10017) III Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points, 2 points each) 31. According to Aristotle, how could people achieve happiness? 32. Why do we say that the year 27 B.C. divided the hi
2、story of Rome into two periods? 33. What was the greatest contribution of Charlemagne? 34. How will you define the Reformation in the 16th century? 35. What did the Puritan principle emphasize? 36. What does induction-mean to Bacon? 37. What did romantic music stress? 38. According to Marx and Engel
3、s, how could Socialism berealised? 39. What is the novel to a naturalist? 40. What are the three functional parts into which Freud divided human personality? IV. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points each) 41. I
4、ndustrial Revolution 42. theCynies 43. the Beat Generation 44. Charles Dickens V. Write between 100 - 120 words on the following topic on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 10 points ) 45. What are the differences between Hobbes and Locke on “social contract“ ? 2010 年 10 月高等教育自学考试北京市命题考试 欧洲文化入门 试卷 第一部分 选择题 (共 40 分
5、 2 points each) 1 The Romans conquered Greece in A 146 B C B 500 B C C 700 B C D 1200 B C 2 The playwright who contributed greatly to Greek tragic art was A Sophocles B Aristophanes C Herodotus D Homer 3 The greatest of Latin poets was A Horace B Virgil C Homer D Cicero 4 Daniel was taken prisoner t
6、o after the fall of Jerusalem. A Egypt B Persia C Babylon D Assyria 5 David was A a Hebrew king B the boy who killed Goliath C the man who made Jerusalem the capital D all of the above 6 In the formative period of feudalism, the bishops were themselves A scholars B hermits C feudal lords D knights 7
7、 As a result of the Crusades， luxuries of the East poured into the West They were spices perfume hand woven carpets and A tea B Chinaware C silk D silverware 8 Martin Luther held that was the supreme authority A the Church B the Bible C the Pope D Jesus 9 Ophelia is a character in Shakespeares A Ham
8、let B Othello C Macbeth D Merchant of Venice 10 The Reformation shattered Medieval Churchs stifling control over man thus paving the way for A economic development B free thinking C capitalism D progress 11 Galile0， because he refused to compromise was tried by A the College of Cardinals B the Itali
9、an court C the Spanish court D the Inquisition 12 To Newton， space and time are absolute， to Einstein， motion and space are A relative B unlimited C infinite D 1imited 13 “A Modest Proposal” was written by A Defoe B Swift C Diderot D Fielding 14 Shelley called poets “the unacknowledged legislators o
10、f the world” in his A Prometheus unbound B Defence of Poetry C 1yrics D Ode to the West Wind 15 Schumann stood as the typical example of the influence of upon music A revolutionary ideals B philosophy C 1iterature D religion 16 According to Darwin， becomes a mechanism for evolutionary change A natur
11、al selection B process C adaptation D variation 17 Zola believed almost blindly A Social Darwinism B Utopian Socialism C pragmatism D scientific determinism 18 The writer who devoted himself to the novel of social condition in England in the 19 thcen- tury was A Thomas Hardy B William Makepeace Thac
12、keray C George Eliot D Charles Dickens 19 The contribution made by Pierre and Maris Curie is A the discovery of atomic nucleus B the discovery of radium C the discovery of X rays D the discovery of relativity 20 To the New Novelists， plot， action， narrative， ideas and analysis of characters are A no
13、 longer important B still very important C of equal importance D none of the above 第二部分 非选择题 (共 60 分 ) PART TWO II In the foliowing part there are two columns The left hand column consists of a list of names The right hand column consists of a list of titles， names of organizations， works or remarks
14、 Match each name in the left hand column with corresponding ti- tie， organization， work， or remark in the right hand column and put the number a or b or e in the bracket on the ANSWER SHEET (10 points， 1 point each) 21 St Jerome (a)“The die is cast ” 22 Schiller (b)LettresAnglaise 23 Keats (C)Mother
15、 24 Francois Rabelais (d)Gargantua and Pantagruel 25 Walt Whitman (e)Fathers and Sons 26 Thomas Hobbes (f)Ode to a Nightingale 27 Corky (g)Leaves of Grass 28 Turgenev (h)the Vulgate 29 Julius Caesar (i)founder of modem German literature 30 Voltaire (j)author of Leviathan III Give a one-sentence answ
16、er to each of the following questions Write your answer in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET (20 points， 2 points each) 31 Which are the most famous temples in ancient Greece? 32 What did Horace mean when he said “Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive ”? 33 Why were Christians per
17、secuted under the Roman Empire? 34 HOW shall we define the Catholic Church? 35 What made Italy lose its supremacy in world trade in the late l5th century? 36 What was Hobbess view of the nature of man? 37 What kind of a novel is Les Miserables7 38 What did Kant try to reconcile in “Critique of Pure
18、Reason”? 39 Why did literature become the voice of the people in Russia in the l 9 th century? 40 What are the major interests of new novelists? IV Explain each of the following terms in English Write your answer in the corre sponding space on the ANSWER SHEET in around 40 words (20 points， 5 points
19、 each) 41 Platos and Democritus views of the world 42 Noahs Ark 43 John Wyclif 44 Mark Twain V. Write between l00 120 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points) 45 What is the role of Turgenev in Russian literature? 2001 年下半年北京市高等教育自学考试 欧洲文化入门试卷 I. Multipl
20、e Choice (40%) 1. _ believed that the highest good in life was pleasure, freedom from pain and eraotional upheaval. A. Sophists B. Cynics C. Skeptics D. Epicureans 2 _ is said to have told the king of Syracuse: “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.“ A. Archimedes B. Aristotle C. Plat
21、o D. Euclid 3. Increasingly troubled by the inroads of northem tribes such as Goths, the West Roman Empire finally collapsed in _ A. 395 B. 27 C. 1453 D. 476 4. The City of God was written by _璤 _, the most important of all the leaders of Christian thought. A. Jesus B. Augustine C. Thomas Aquinas D.
22、 Martin Luther 5. _ was a painter, a sculptor, an architect, a musician, an engineer, and a scientist- a Renaissance man in the true sense of the word. A. Michelangelo B. Raphael C. Shakespeare D. da Vinci 6. In _, Cervantes satirized a very popular type of literature at the time, the romance of chi
23、valry. A. Don Quixote. B. Hamlet C. leviathan D. The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe 7. The best- known book written by Thomas More is _ , which describes an ideal non Christian state where everybody lives a simple life and shares the goods in common, possesses a good knowledge of
24、Latin, fights no war and enjoys full freedom in religious belief. A. The Praise of the Folly B. As You Like It C. Divine Comedy D. Utopia 8. _, author of Prince, is regarded as “father of political science“ in the West. A. Machiavelli B. Dante C. Bacon D. Locke 9. In The Revolution of Heavenly Orbs,
25、_ put forward his theory that the sun, not the earth, is the center of the universe. A. Kepler B. Galileo C. Newton D. Copernicus 10. During the _ century, the modem scientific method began to take shape, which emphasized observation and“ experimentation before formulating a final explanation or gen
26、eralization. A. 18th B. 15 th C. 16 th D. 17 th 11. _ said, “Knowledge is power.“ A. Isaac Newton B. Francis Bacon C. John Locke D. Marx 12. In Faust,_ drew on an immense variety of cultural material-theological, mythological, philosophical,political, economic, scientific, aesthetic, musical, and li
27、terary. A. Goethe B. Defoe C. Rousseau D. Byron 13. Which of the following is not regarded as a romantic writer? A. Wordsworth B. Shelley C. Pushkin D. Balzac 14. The most frequent themes of Romanticism include all of the following except _. A. the power of reason B. individual freedom C. spontaneit
28、y D. love of nature 15. “If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?“ is the ending line of “Ode to the West Wind“ by _. A. Wordsworth B. Keats C. Pushkin D. Shelley 16. The composer of Swan Lake was _, a genius in symphonic music. A. Tchaikovsky B. Chopin C. Beethoven D. Mozart 17. The naturalist sc
29、hool founded by Zola in late 19 th century intended _ A. to attack the industrial injustice and urban evils B. to give full play to the imagination of individuals C. to uphold the classical values such as harmony, balance, proportion and retraint D. to demonstrate the law of human conduct by a scien
30、tific study of “a slice of life“ 18. Which of the following novels was not written by Tolstoy? A. Resurrection B. War and Peace C. Crime and Punishment D. Anna Karenina 19. In his poems, Walt Whitman sang praises of all of the following value except _. A. democracy B. the dignity of the individual C
31、. the idyllic way of life D. the brotherhood of man 20. Modernism was characterized by _. A. a conscious rejection of established rules, traditions and conventions B. the exploration of the inner life of the individual and the psychopathology of human relations C. its intense interest in the bizarre
32、, the mysterious, the unpredictable and the formless D. all of the above. II. True - False (20%) 1. Once every five years, ancient Greeks had a big sports festival on Mount Olympus, which marked the beginning of Olympic Games. 2. The greatest names in Western philosophy are Socrates, Plato and Arist
33、otle, who were active in Athens in the 6 th century A. D. 3. The body of ideas the Greek philosophers expressed, and the variety of questions they raised about the nature of the world and of human thought, knowledge and conduct, “have had an abiding interest for later generations. 4. Christianity re
34、mained an object of oppression throughout the history of Roman Empire. 5. During the Medieval times there was no central government to keep the order; the only organization that seemed to unite Europe was the Christian church. 6. Calvinism stressed the absolute authority of the Roman Catholic church
35、, holding that only those especially selected by God will be saved. 7. According to Locke, once a representative is chosen by majority vote, his power is absolute. 8. The Declaration of the Rights of Man which was enacted by the English Parliament in 1689 established the supremacy of the Parliament
36、and put an end to divine monarchy in England. 9. Descartes believed that thought was the foundation of all knowledge while the senses might deceive us. 10. In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant argued that knowledge is the joint product of both sense and reason. . Explain the Following Terms. (25 % )
37、 1. PaxRomana 2. The Crusades 3. Gothic 4. Reformation 5. Social Darwinism IV. Answer the Following Question. ( 15 % ) Why is Renaissance considered the departure from the Middle Ages and the beginning of modernity? 2004 年欧洲文化入门试题 1. Which of the following is not true about Aristotle? A. In Aristotl
38、e the great humanist and the great man of science meet. B. Aristotle founded the school of the Stoics. C. Aristotle was tutor of Alexander. D. Aristotle wrote many books on logic, politics, poetry, rhetoric and other subjects. 2. Which of the following statements is true about the Roman Empire? A. T
39、he Roman Empire had never been divided. B. The Roman Empire was divided into East and West in 395 A. D. C. The Roman Empire was later called Byzantium. D. The Roman Empire was conquered by the Turks in the 15th century. 3. The Bible has been regarded as _. A. a religious book B. literature C. record
40、 of great minds D. all of the above 4. The Catholic Church should be characterized as_. A. a loosely organized religious institution B. a highly centralized European organization C. a highly centralized and disciplined international organization D. a highly centralized and disciplined western organi
41、zation. 5. The Crusades were wars between _. A. the Arabs and the Christian Pilgrims B. the Turks and the Christians in Western Europe C. the Christians in Western Europe and the Moslems D. the Arabs and the Turks 6. St. Thomas Aquinas defended in his works _. A. feudal hierarchy of society B. divin
42、e power of feudal rulers C. the Pope s supremacy over secular rulers D. all of the above 7. The motto Montaigne put down in the essays was _. A. What do I know? B. I doubt therefore I think. C. Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world. D. Only to stand out of my light. 8. Vasco da Gama wa
43、s a Portuguese navigator who _. A. discovered the Cape of Good Hope B. discovered the route to India round the Cape of Good Hope C. explored the mouth of the Amazon D. was the first to visit Cuba and Haiti 9. Which of the following laws was discovered by Newton? A. l,aw of inertia. B. Law of falting
44、 bodies. C. Law of“ relativity. D. Law of universal gravitation. 10. In Locke s political philosophy, the chief reason for the institution of civil government was _. A. the protection of private property B. the upholding of free thinking C. the abolishment of the rule of the church D. regulation of
45、economy 11. Which of the following is“ not true about the developments of the Industrial Revolution? A. The substitution of water power for human power. B. The introduction of machine. C. The beginning of the factory system. D. The growth of modem capitalism and the working class. 12. “Man is born f
46、ree, and everywhere he is in chains. “This is a remark made by _. A. Voltaire B. Rousseau C. Diderot D. Moliere 13. In the works of _.one can see the spirit of the Age of Reason. A. Handel B. Haydn C. Bach D. Mozart 14. The poem of Byron s that was translated into Chinese at the turn of the 20th cen
47、tury A. Don Juan B. Defence of Poetry C. Ode to a Nightingale D. Isles of Greece 15. Throughout his his, Beethoven struggled to pass on through his music _. A. the spirit of the French Revolution B. the spirit of Byronic heroes C. ideas of a moral nature D. the praise of natural beauty 16. _. is con
48、sidered to be the poet of the piano. A. Mozart B. Chopin C.Schubert D. Schumann 17. Which of the following works was not written by Charles Dickens? A. A Tale of Two Cities. B. The Mayor of Casterbridge. C. David Copperfield. D. Pickwick Papers. 18. The author of the short story The Necklace was _. A. O Henry B. Jack London C. Mark Twain D. Maupassant 19. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd/Petals on a wet, black bough. “The author of these
