1、1Hou Lai Ju ShangThis set phrase is derived from the complaints Ji An made to the emperor. Ji Anlived at the time of Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty （206 B.C.-A.D.24）. He was respected for being upright and just and for daring to speak the truth. He did not bother about amall matters in pers
2、onal behaviour and in being an official. He was particular about actual effects and ，although he did not cause a stir ，he could keep the prefecture he governed in perfect order. Because of this. the imperial court transferred him to the central government from being the perfect of the Donghai Prefec
3、ture to being a commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officals. Once，Emperor Wudi said that he would implement the policy of benevolence and justice of Confucianism and would do good turns to the people.Emperor Wudi Had hardly finished his remards when Ji An said that the
4、re was no need for the emperor to say so.Why should the emperor bother，Ji An said， about pretending to implement the policy of benevolence and justice since he was so greedy and avaricious within himself？ This 2choked the emperor off. The emperor suddenly Changed his countenance and declared the mee
5、ting over. All the civilian and military officers at court were breathless with anxiety for fear that Ji An might bring disaster upon himself because of this. After returning， Emperor Wudi said to the people around him that Ji An was a little too rude and too straightforward. For this reason ，Ji An
6、was never promoted again. When he was the commander in charge of the appointment and dismissal of the local officials， both Gongsun Hong and Zhang Tang were low -ranking lfficials of little importance. Later，they were promoted continuously. Gongsun Hong became the prime minister and Zhang Tang becam
7、e the imperial censor. However， JiAns post remained thesame. One day， Ji An said to Emperor Wudi that the way the emperor used his ministers was just like piling up firewood， which meant that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers. Of course， Emperor Wudi could see that Ji An was complaining. So，tu
8、rning to his ministers， Emperor Wudi said， “It is true that no one can stop learning.You see， Ji An is making more and more indiscreet remarks.” This story comes from The Historical Records. Later generations use the set phrase “the latecomers surpass the oldtimers “ to indicate that successors can cxcel the 3predecessors， which is quite different from the original idea when Ji An said that the latecomers surpassed the old-timers.
