1、2015 年高考英语模拟试题（辽宁卷）英 语注意事项：1. 本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分。2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。第 I 卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） （略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOne afternoon last week, I saw three tearful child
2、ren from my sons school being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching (干呕) into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might
3、 be necessary at a highly competitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day causes no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is a nightmare (噩梦). Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway d
4、own the track in front of the entire school and their parents，it can prove a disaster.Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say competition is character building；or its taking part, not winning, thats important；or that it is a tradition of school life. I just felt great
5、pity for those children in tears or in pain.Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shoutingand were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyones eyes. Some of them a
6、lso had the thrill of being on the winning side.I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.21What can
7、 we learn about the authors son from Paragraph 1?AHe talked with some mothers. BHe comforted his classmates.CHe had difficulty in sleeping. DHe suffered from stomachache.22Sports day is still an annual event in this school probably because _.Athis is an independent school Bit is a tradition of the s
8、choolCit helps children lose weight Dchildren enjoy watching sports23What does the author think about team games?AThey should include more stressful races.BThey are acceptable to different children.CThey should be abandoned at primary schools.DThey are less fun for those who love running.24What is t
9、he authors attitude towards sports day?ACritical. BNeutral.CPositive. DAmbiguous.BMOOCs, short for “massive open online courses， ” mark an important, possibly revolutionary, development in education. These courses are on line, free of charge, and open to anyone in the world who has a laptop and an I
10、nternet connection. Moreover, they are mainly offered by great universities like Stanford, Berkeley, Harvard and Columbia.The courses are arranged according to how difficult they are, enabling students to progress from beginners to the advanced. The courses cover not only a broad range of science su
11、bjects such as math and computer science, but also courses in social sciences and humanities. Though MOOCs are not offered for credit and degree, many students enroll(加入) in the courses for real skills or knowledge which they can put to some practical use.The format(形式 ) seems better than the tradit
12、ional school class. The average quality of the lecturers is much higher. Besides, students can learn back and forwardthat is, they can go at their own learning speed, which they cant do in a live lecture. And, more importantly, they dont have to travel anywhere to attend an online lecture. There is
13、a problem of asking questions of the lecturer in a class of ten thousand students, but some MOOCs have solved it by allowing students to post questions on line for a vote, and only the most popular questions are put to the lecturer.In a knowledge age, lifelong learning is not confined to a tradition
14、al classroom. Students taking MOOCS are usually very clever, have work experience, and in many cases, have already developed a set of practical skills. Moreover, they also offer unique international perspectives(远景) that would be the envy of any school classroom.25Which of the following statements i
15、s NOT true about MOOCs?AThe word “MOOCs” is short for “massive open online campuses”BAnyone who has a computer and an Internet connection can take MOOCs.CMOOCs are usually offered by first-class universities in the world.DMOOCs may be a breakthrough in the development of education.26MOOCs seem to ha
16、ve an advantage over traditional school classes in that _.Athere is a problem of asking questions in traditional classesBstudents enrolling in MOOCs can get credit and degree easilyCstudents can learn at their own study paceDstudents can travel to many places when taking MOOCs27The meaning of the un
17、derlined word “confined” means _.Aextended BdevelopedClimited DadvancedCPassenger pigeons (旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks (群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that w
18、hen its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeonsa number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smalle
19、r, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an everlasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commerc
20、ial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passeng
21、er pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans need for wood, which scattered (驱散) the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan pass
22、ed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, kno
23、wn affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914.28. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons_.A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natural environmentD. were the largest bird pop
24、ulation in the US29. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons_.A. escape B. ruinC. liberation D. evolution30. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?A. To seek pleasure. B. To save other birds.C. To make money. D. To protect crops.31. What can we infer abou
25、t the law passed in Michigan?A. It was ignored by the public. B. It was declared too late.C. It was unfair. D. It was strict.DWhen different species of birds flock(聚集) together, their flight formations are determined by social dynamics both between and within species.New research from the Universiti
26、es of Cambridge and Exeter reveals for the first time that, contrary to current models used to explain the movement of flocks, the differences between bird species and social relationships between individuals play a critical role in determining the dynamics of mixed-species flocks.The unified(群集) be
27、haviour of bird flocks has puzzled scientists for hundreds of years. One naturalist from the turn of the century even suggested telepathy(心灵感应) may be involved. There have since been more logical explanations, including mathematical models that show that repeated interactions among individuals follo
28、wing simple rules can generate coordinated(协同的) group movements. However, these models usually rely on the assumption that individuals within groups are identical and interact independently, which may not reflect reality.Jolle Jolles, a PhD student at the University of Cambridges Department of Zoolo
29、gy and author of the paper, said：“Spectacular collective behaviour can be found in a large range of animal species, and we now know that often these complex coordinated group movements may be the result of individuals following simple rules. However, rarely are the individual characteristics and soc
30、ial relationships within them taken into account. Our research highlights that these striking displays of group behaviour are much more complex.”By analysing high-resolution photographs of mixed flocks of rooks and jackdaws(both from the corvid family), the researchers found that rather than individ
31、uals interacting in a consistent fashion throughout the flock, interactions depended on social dynamics between the different species as well as relationships within a species.The researchers discovered that birds prefer to fly close to members of their own species, and that the larger and more domi
32、nant rooks take the lead by flying near the front of flocks. Additionally, the lifelong, monogamous(一妻一夫制的) pair bonds that are characteristic of both species seem to be reflected in flight, as birds often fly particularly close to a single, same species partner.Dr Alex Thornton, principal investiga
33、tor of the Cambridge Jackdaw Project, now at the University of Exeter and author of the paper, said “Together, our findings demonstrate that to understand the structure of groups，such as bird flocks，we need to consider the characteristics and relationships of the individuals within them.”32. The und
34、erlined word “generate” means _.Aset down Btake awayCbring about Dgive up33According to Jolle Jolles, what are seldom considered about coordinated group movement?AIndividual characteristics and social relationship between them.BRepeated interactions among individuals and social dynamics.CTelepathy a
35、nd social relationship between them.DThe structure of groups and the varieties of species.34Birds may prefer to fly the closest to _.Athe largest one Bthe most dynamic oneCthe lifelong partner Dthe friendly partner35What is the main idea of the passage?AHow birds interact in simple rules.BHow birds
36、of different feathers flock together.CWhy birds show preference to flocking.DWhy birds display the characteristics.第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。What do you, the trees, and a bird have in common? _36_ All living things must have water to survive, whether they g
37、et it from a water fountain, a rain cloud, or a little bottle attached to the side of a bird cage._37_ Water makes up more than half of your body weight and a person cant survive for more than a few days without it. Why? Your body has lots of important jobs and it needs water to do many of them. For
38、 instance, your blood, which contains a lot of water, carries oxygen to all the cells of your body. Without oxygen, those tiny cells would die and your body would stop working.Water is also in lymph, a fluid (流体) that is part of your immune system, which helps you fight off illness. _38_ Water is ne
39、eded for digestive juices, urine, and poop. And you can bet that water makes up most of sweat.In addition to being an important part of the fluids in your body, each cell depends on water to function normally._39_ Any fluid you drink will contain water, but water and milk are the best choices. Lots
40、of foods contain water, too. _40_ You could probably tell that if youve ever bitten into a peach or pear and felt the juices dripping down your chin! Vegetables, too, contain a lot of waterthink of biting into a fat tomato from the garden.AYou need water to digest your food and get rid of waste, too
41、.BYou all need water.CWithout water, your body would stop working properly.DHow much is enough?EYour body doesnt get water only from drinking water.FWhen you drink is also important.GFruit contains quite a bit of water.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A
42、 、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When our restaurant business failed, we headed north in a camping truck to Texas, hoping to have a “fresh start”At the_41_of Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷) State Park, I_42_a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a _43_， permanent campsite in the par
43、k, and_44_， the hosts served as a link between the parks guests and the rangers (护林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an_45_for the following day.The park was_46_， so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening,
44、 as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks (臭鼬) walking toward our table. We _47_ climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to _48_ our camp.Having survived that night, we were _49_ that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people
45、who ran the park. They explained our_50_ and gave us a beautiful campsite. That evening, _51_， we learned about the canyon _52_. They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently, and we lay _53_ in the dark until the winds died away._54_the weeks that followed, we learned to sur
46、vive in our truck and _55_ the little money my wife _56_ by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful _57_. For a time after our business _58_ I thought I might lose my family as well. Living in the tiny _59_ with no te
47、levision, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky, I found myself _60_ for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family! 41A. back B. edge C. centre D. entrance 42A. sponsored B. published C. noticed D.
48、answered 43A. safe B. free C. convenient D. beautiful 44A. in return B. in time C. in short D. in turn 45A. attempt B. agreement C. appeal D. appointment 46A. crowded B. dangerous C. ideal D. quiet 47A. repeatedly B. immediately C. eventually D. calmly 48A. attack B. leave C. pass D. search 49A. satisfied B. determined C. confident D. aware 50A. responsibilities B. requirements C. circumstances D. conditions51A. moreover B. therefore C. meanwhile D. however 52A. winds B. snows C. woods D. trails 53A. shaking B. quarrelling C. mourning D. aching 54A. After B. Between C. Du
