1、#*TRIPS: TEXT OF THE AGREEMENTAgreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights与贸易有关的知识产权协定（ TRIPS 协定是 1994 年 4 月 15 日在摩洛哥马拉喀什签署的成立世界贸易组织马拉喀什协定中的附件 1C。）The TRIPS Agreement is Annex 1C of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, signed in Marrakesh, Morocco
2、on 15 April 1994.与贸易有关的知识产权协定的前言PREAMBLE to the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights第一部分 总则和基本原则 PART I General Provisions and Basic Principles第二部分 关于知识产权的效力、范畴和应用时的规范PART II Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights1. 著作权和相关的权
3、利 Copyright and Related Rights 2. 商标 Trademarks 3. 地理标识 Geographical Indications 4. 工业品外观设计 Industrial Designs 5. 专利 Patents 6. 集成电路布局设计（拓扑图）Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits #*7. 对未公开信息的保护 Protection of Undisclosed Information 8. 对许可契约中限制竞争行为的抑制Control of Anti-Competitive Practic
4、es in Contractual Licences第三部分 知识产权的实施PART III Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights1. 基本责任 General Obligations2. 民事和行政程序及其救济措施Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies3. 临时措施 Provisional Measures 4. 与边境措施相关的专门要求 Special Requirements Related to Border Measures 5. 刑事程序 Criminal Procedure
5、s第四部分 知识产权的取得和维持以及当事人之间的相关程序PART IV Acquisition and Maintenance of Intellectual Property Rights and Related Inter-Partes Procedures第五部分 争端的防止和解决 PART V Dispute Prevention and Settlement第六部分 过渡性安排 PART VI Transitional Arrangements 第七部分 机构安排；最后条款 PART VII Institutional Arrangements; Final Provisions全体
6、成员，Members, 因渴望减少国际贸易中的被扭曲与障碍，认为必须提高知识产权有效和充分的保护，并应同时确保知识产权行施中的措施和程序其本身不成为合法贸易中的障碍；所以确认需要下列方面的新规则和自律准则：Desiring to reduce distortions and impediments to international trade, and taking into account the need to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rights, and to ensure t
7、hat measures and procedures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themselves become barriers to legitimate trade; Recognizing, to this end, the need for new rules and disciplines concerning:(a) 关于1994 年关贸总协定（GATT） 和有关国际知识产权协定或公约基本原则的应用；#*the applicability of the basic principles of GATT 199
8、4 and of relevant international intellectual property agreements or conventions; (b) 关于涉及贸易的知识产权的效力、范畴和应用的适用规范和原则性规定; the provision of adequate standards and principles concerning the availability, scope and use of trade-related intellectual property rights; (c) 关于在考虑各国法律制度之间差异的前提下，实施涉及贸易的知识产权时有效与适宜
9、方式的规定； the provision of effective and appropriate means for the enforcement of trade-related intellectual property rights, taking into account differences in national legal systems; (d) 关于多边参与防止和解决政府间争端的有效与迅速的反应程序的规定；以及 the provision of effective and expeditious procedures for the multilateral preve
10、ntionand settlement of disputes between governments; and (e) 关于为充分分享国际谈判的成果所进行的过渡性安排；transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest participation in the results of the negotiations; 且确认，需要拥有一个关于处理国际贸易中假冒商品问题的原则、规则和纪律的多边框架；Recognizing the need for a multilateral framework of principles, rules and di
11、sciplines dealing with international trade in counterfeit goods;且确认，知识产权属于私权；Recognizing that intellectual property rights are private rights; 且确认，知识产权国家保护制度中基本的政府政策目标，包括开发保护的目标和技术保护的目标；Recognizing the underlying public policy objectives of national systems for the protection of intellectual propert
12、y, including developmental and technological objectives;且确认，最不发达国家成员国内法律法规实施时关于最高灵活性的特殊需求，从而使其在本协定实施时能具备健全可行的技术性基础；Recognizing also the special needs of the least-developed country Members in respect of maximum flexibility in the domestic implementation of laws and regulations in order to enable #*t
13、hem to create a sound and viable technological base;需要强调，通过多边程序解决与贸易有关的知识产权争端，重视承诺，从而减少紧张关系的重要性；Emphasizing the importance of reducing tensions by reaching strengthened commitments to resolve disputes on trade-related intellectual property issues through multilateral procedures;期望在 WTO 与世界知识产权组织（ 本协
14、定中简称“WIPO” ）以及其他有关国际组织之间建立一种相互支持的关系； Desiring to establish a mutually supportive relationship between the WTO and the World Intellectual Property Organization (referred to in this Agreement as “WIPO”) as well as other relevant international organizations;因此通过协定如下： Hereby agree as follows:第一部分 总则和基本原
15、则 Part I General Provisions and Basic Principles第 1 条 责任的性质和范围 Article 1 Nature and Scope of Obligations 1. 各成员均必须实行本协定中的规定，各成员可以但并无义务，在其法律中实施比本协定要求更广泛的保护，只要此种保护不违反本协定的规定。各成员有权在其各自的法律制度和实践中确定实施本协定规定的适当方法。Members shall give effect to the provisions of this Agreement. Members may, but shall not be obl
16、iged to, implement in their law more extensive protection than is required by this Agreement, provided that such protection does not contravene the provisions of this Agreement. Members shall be free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of this Agreement within their ow
17、n legal system and practice.2. 在本协定中， “知识产权”一词系指属于本协定第二部分第 1 节至第 7 节中的所有类别的知识产权。For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “intellectual property” refers to all categories of intellectual property that are the subject of Sections 1 through 7 of Part II. 3. 各成员应根据本协定的规定给予其他成员以国民待遇 1。对于相应的知识产权，其他成员的
18、国民被认为是符合巴黎公约 (1967) 、 伯尔尼公约(1971) 、 罗马公约和关于集成电路1 本协定中所指的“国民”一词，对于 WTO 的单独关税区成员，指在该关税区内定居或拥有真实有效的工业或商业机构的自然人或法人。#*的知识产权条约中所规定的保护资格标准的自然人或法人，即 WTO 的所有成员似乎都已加入了这些公约 2。任一运用了罗马公约第 5 条第 3 款或第 6 条第 2 款规定的可能性的成员，均应根据这些条款的预告，通知“与贸易有关的知识产权理事会（TRIPS 理事会） ”。Members shall accord the treatment provided for in thi
19、s Agreement to the nationals of other Members. 1 In respect of the relevant intellectual property right, the nationals of other Members shall be understood as those natural or legal persons that would meet the criteria for eligibility for protection provided for in the Paris Convention (1967), the B
20、erne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, were all Members of the WTO members of those conventions. 2 Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in paragraph 3 of Article 5 or paragraph 2 of Article 6 of the R
21、ome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the “Council for TRIPS”). 1. 本协定中所指的“国民” ，系指在作为 WTO 成员的单独关税区内定居或拥有实际和有效的工业或商业企业的自然人或法人。When “nationals” are referred to in this Agreement, they shall be
22、deemed, in the case of a separate customs territory Member of the WTO, to mean persons, natural or legal, who are domiciled or who have a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment in that customs territory. 2. 在本协定中， 巴黎公约系指保护工业产权巴黎公约 ；巴黎公约（1967） 系指其为该公约 1967年 7 月 14 日斯德哥尔摩的文本。 伯尔尼公约系
23、指保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约 ；伯尔尼公约（1971） 系指其为该公约 1971 年 3 月 24 日巴黎的文本。 罗马公约系指 1961 年 10 月 26 日在罗马通过的保护表演者、录音制品制作者和广播组织的国际公约 。 关于集成电路的知识产权公约（IPIC 条约） 系指 1989 年 5 月 26 日在华盛顿通过的关于集成电路的知识产权公约。 WTO 协定系指建立世界贸易组织的协定 。In this Agreement, “Paris Convention” refers to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial P
24、roperty; “Paris Convention (1967)” refers to the Stockholm Act of this Convention of 14 July 1967. “Berne Convention” refers to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works; “Berne Convention (1971)” refers to the Paris Act of this Convention of 24 July 1971. “Rome Conventi
25、on” refers to the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, adopted at Rome on 26 October 1961. “Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits” (IPIC Treaty) refers to the Treaty on Intellectual Property in
26、Respect of Integrated Circuits, adopted at Washington on 26 May 1989. “WTO Agreement” refers to the Agreement Establishing the WTO. 第 2 条 关于知识产权的公约 Article 2 Intellectual Property Conventions 1. 各成员在履行本协定第 II 部分、第 III 部分和第 IV 部分的规定时，还应遵守巴黎公约（1967） 中第 1 条至第 12 条的规定以及第 19 条的规定。 In respect of Parts II,
27、 III and IV of this Agreement, Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 12, and Article 19, of the Paris Convention (1967).2 在本协定中， 巴黎公约指保护工业产权巴黎公约 ；巴黎公约 （1967）指 1967 年 7 月 14 日该公约的斯德哥尔摩文本。 伯尔尼公约指保护文学艺术作品伯尔尼公约 ， 伯尔尼公约 （1971）指 1971 年 3 月 24 日该公约的巴黎文本。 罗马公约指 1961 年 10 月 26 日在罗马通过的保护表演者、录音制品制作者和广播组
28、织的国际公约 。 关于集成电路的知识产权公约 （IPIC 条约 ）指 1983 年 5 月 26 日在华盛顿通过的该条约。WTO 协定指 建立世界组织协定 。#*2. 在本协定第 I 部分至第 IV 部分中，没有任何内容能够减少各成员目前根据巴黎公约 、伯尔尼公约 、 罗马公约和关于集成电路的知识产权条约规定可能必须相互承担的责任。Nothing in Parts I to IV of this Agreement shall derogate from existing obligations that Members may have to each other under the Par
29、is Convention, the Berne Convention, the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits.第 3 条 关于国民待遇 Article 3 National Treatment 1. 在遵守 巴黎公约（1967） 、 伯尔尼公约（1971） 、 罗马公约或关于集成电路的知识产权条约中所已经规定的免责条款的前提下，各成员在知识产权保护 3方面，应当给予其他成员不低于本国国民待遇的国民待遇。对于演员、录音制品制作者和广播机构，各成员
30、的这一义务仅适用于本协定规定中的权利。任何成员对于伯尔尼公约（1971） 第 6 条或罗马公约第16 条第 1 款（b）项所规定可能性的运用，均应按这些条款中规定的前瞻性要求，报告 TRIPS 理事会。Each Member shall accord to the nationals of other Members treatment no less favourable than that it accords to its own nationals with regard to the protection (3) of intellectual property, subject t
31、o the exceptions already provided in, respectively, the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention or the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits. In respect of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations, this obligatio
32、n only applies in respect of the rights provided under this Agreement. Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in Article 6 of the Berne Convention (1971) or paragraph 1(b) of Article 16 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council
33、for TRIPS.2. 各成员可应用本条第 1 款规定中允许的在司法和行政程序方面的例外，包括在一成员管辖范围内指定送达地址或委派代理人，但是这些例外应为保证遵守与本协定规定发生不相抵触的法律和法规所必需，且这种做法的实施下会对贸易构成变相限制。Members may avail themselves of the exceptions permitted under paragraph 1 in relation to judicial and administrative procedures, including the designation of an address for se
34、rvice or the appointment of an agent within the jurisdiction of a Member, only where such exceptions are necessary to secure compliance with laws and regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement and where such practices are not applied in a manner which would constitu
35、te a disguised restriction on trade.3 在第 3 条和第 4 条中， “保护”一词应包括影响知识产权的效力、取得、范围、维持和实施的事项，以及本协定专门处理的影响知识产权的使用的事项。3 在第 3 条和第 4 条中， “保护”一词应包括影响知识产权的效力、取得、范围、维持和实施的事项，以及本协定专门处理的影响知识产权的使用的事项。#*For the purposes of Articles 3 and 4, “protection” shall include matters affecting the availability, acquisition,
36、scope, maintenance and enforcement of intellectual property rights as well as those matters affecting the use of intellectual property rights specifically addressed in this Agreement.第 4 条 最惠国待遇 Article 4 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 对于知识产权保护，一成员对任何其他国家国民给予的任何利益、优惠、特权或豁免，应立即无条件地给予所有其他成员的国民。一成员给予的属
37、下列情况的任何利益、优惠、特权或豁免，免除此义务：With regard to the protection of intellectual property, any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity granted by a Member to the nationals of any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the nationals of all other Members. Exempted from this obligati
38、on are any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity accorded by a Member:(a) 自一般性的、并非专门限于知识产权保护的关于司法协助或法律实施的国际协定所派生；deriving from international agreements on judicial assistance or law enforcement of a general nature and not particularly confined to the protection of intellectual property; (b) 依照伯尔尼
39、公约（1971 ） 或罗马公约的规定所给予，此类规定允许所给予的待遇不属国民待遇性质而属在另一国中给予待遇的性质； granted in accordance with the provisions of the Berne Convention (1971) or the Rome Convention authorizing that the treatment accorded be a function not of national treatment but of the treatment accorded in another country; (c) 关于本协定项下未作规定的
40、有关表演者、录音制品制作者以及广播组织的权利；in respect of the rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcastingorganizations not provided under this Agreement; (d) 自WTO 协定生效之前已生效的有关知识产权保护的国际协定所派生，只要此类协定向 TRIPS 理事会做出通知，并对其他成员的国民不构成任意的或不合理的歧视。deriving from international agreements related to the protection of
41、 intellectual property which entered into force prior to the entry into force of the WTO Agreement, provided that such agreements are notified to the Council for TRIPS and do not constitute an arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination against nationals of other Members. 第 5 条 关于取得或维持保护的多边协定Article 5
42、 Multilateral Agreements on Acquisition or Maintenance of Protection #*第 3 条和第 4 条中的责任，不适用于 WIPO 主持下订立的知识产权获取或维护的多边协定中规定的程序。The obligations under Articles 3 and 4 do not apply to procedures provided in multilateral agreements concluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or mainte
43、nance of intellectual property rights.第 6 条 关于权利用尽 Article 6 Exhaustion 在根据本协定第 3 条规定和第 4 条规定解决贸易争端时，本协定中的任何规定不得用于解决知识产权权利用尽的问题。For the purposes of dispute settlement under this Agreement, subject to the provisions of Articles 3 and 4 nothing in this Agreement shall be used to address the issue of t
44、he exhaustion of intellectual property rights.第 7 条 目标 Article 7 Objectives 保护和实施知识产权，促进技术的革新以及技术的转让和传播，以有利于社会和经济福祉的方式促进技术知识创造者和使用者的双赢，和达到权利与义务的平衡。The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dis
45、semination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations.第 8 条 法则 Article 8 Principles 1. 各成员在制定或修订其法律法规时，可采纳必要的措施，以保障公众的健康和营养，和提高对其社会经济发展和技术发展至关重要领域的公共利益，只
46、要这些措施符合本协定中的规定。Members may, in formulating or amending their laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protect public health and nutrition, and to promote the public interest in sectors of vital importance to their socio-economic and technological development, provided that such measures are
47、 consistent with the provisions of this Agreement. 2. 只要符合本协定中的规定，可采取适当的措施，防止知识产权权利持有人滥用知识产权和不合理地限制贸易或对技术的国际转让造成不利影响的行为。Appropriate measures, provided that they are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, may be needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders o
48、r the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology. 第二部分 关于知识产权的效力、范围和使用时的规范PART II Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and Use of #*Intellectual Property Rights第 1 节：著作权和相关权利 SECTION 1: COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHT第 9 条 与伯尔尼公约的关系 Article 9 Relation to the Berne Convention1. 各成员应遵守伯尔尼公约（1971） 第 1 条至第 21 条及附录中的规定。不拥有或不承担本协定规定中的涉及该公约第 6 条之二所授予权利或因此所衍生权利的权利或义务。Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 21 of the
