1、2011中考英语核心考点（名师教案）可数 one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few 不可数 much, (a) little可数/不可数 one, any, other, all, some 复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything; someone, somebody, something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, nothing all：指三者或三者以上的所有，可以作形容词修饰名词复数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接 of 介词短语
2、。both：指 “两者都”，可以作形容词修饰名词复数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接 of 介词短语。each：“每一个” ，一般指两者中的每一个，也可指许多中的每一个；可以作形容词修饰名词单数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接 of 介词短语。There are trees on each side / both sides of the river.Each of us has a chance to go to university.We each have a dictionary.every：三者或三者以上中的每一个，是形容词，只能作定语，后面不能接 of 介词短语。e
3、ither：指“两者中一个 ”或“两者中无论哪一个”，可以作形容词修饰名词单数，作代词作主语、宾语；后可接 of 介词短语。If you keep still, you can sit on either end of the boat.I dont like either of them. Do you have any other blouse?都 任何 都不两者 both either neither两者（以上） all any none- Do you want tea or coffee?- _ . I really dont mind.A. Both B. None C. Eith
4、er D. NeitherI dont care for _ of the hats. Would you show me a third one?A. all B. none C. either D. bothThe thieves ran away separately, _ carrying a bag.A. all B. each C. every D. eitherI understood most of what they said but not _ word. A. any B. each C. every D. one Excuse me, but can you tell
5、me which road I should take to the post office ? _ of the four roads will do.A. Any B. Neither C. Both D. Every nonenot any; not one How many/how much?He wants me to lend him some money, but I have at hand.nothingnot anything What?Nothing is not anything on the table.桌子上什么也没有。= is on the table.no on
6、enobody Who?Nobody likes a person with bad manners. 没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。= likes a person with bad manners.How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水？ .一点也没有。Whats on the table? 桌上有什么？ .什么也没有。Who will go to the party?谁将去参加晚会？ .没人去。- How much vinegar did you put in the salad?- Im sorry to say, _. I forgot.
7、A. no B. nothing C. no one D. none Ive looked everywhere, but I havent found any black ink. then, Im afraid there is _ left. A. nothing B. no one C. none D. neither 不定代词 意义 用法说明another 任何一个， 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作代词或形容词。如：I dont like this coat. Show me another, please.other 另外的只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果
8、前面有 the, this, that some, any, each, every, no, one 及 my, your, his 等时，则可与单数名词连用。如：any other plant, every other day。the other 两者中的 另一个 常与 one 连用，构成： one the other 一个另一个；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“全部其余的”others 泛指别的 人或物 是 other 的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部） ，不能作定语，构成 someothersthe others 特指其余的人或物 是 the other 的复数形式，特指其余的人或物
9、。the others=the other +复数名词Two boys will go to the zoo, and will stay at home. others 是 other 的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”， “其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。 Do you have question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗？ Some of us like singing and dancing, go in for sports. Give me others, please. 请给我别的东西吧！ There are others. 没有别的了。 the other 指两个人或物中一个时，只能
10、用 the other，不能用 another，这里 other 作代词。 He has two daughters. One is a nurse, is a worker. the other 后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的 other 作形容词。 On side of the street，there is a tall tree. I dont like this one. Please show me another. =I dont like this one. Please show me . What can I say? 我还能说什么呢？Both of them ha
11、vent read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故事。= one of them read this story.All bamboo doesnt grow tall. 并非所有的竹子都长得高。= bamboo grows tall. = Some bamboo grows tall, some doesnt. we dont fear any difficulty. 我们不怕困难。= We fear .one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those The book on the desk is better than that unde
12、r the desk. =The book on the desk is better than under the desk. The books on the desk are better than those under the desk.=The books on the desk are better than under the desk.He has lived in London and New York, but he doesnt like _ city.A. neither B. either C. both D. all Do you have a passport,
13、 sir ? Yes, I have _. Here you are.A. it B. that C. one D. this 指代题指代题作为词义题的一种，也是常见题型之一。解这类题，要注意代词批代总的原则就近指代：代词指代在性(阴性或阳性)、数(单数或复数)、格(主格或宾格)、逻辑、意义、位置等方面与之接近的名词。就位置而言，如上所述，代词所指代的名词通常在本句或其上句之中；就数而言，单数代词指代单数名词，复数代词指代复数名词：性、数:Max pulled bills trousers,as if (E) he was trying to pull him along.划线部分 E 在文中
14、指代的是 _数(单数)：it 指代单数名词(单数可数名词或不可数名词 )，也可指代一个句子；It also says that the idea that we need less sleep as we get older is completely untrue(D)People have no idea how important sleep is to their lives， ”Dr Thomas Roth，director of the Foundation says “Good health needs good sleep“But not too much of (E) it，
15、 ”says Professor Jim Home of Loughborough University划线部分 E 在文中指代的是 _The next day a picture of a black horse was on the door of the bar instead of (E) that of the white horse. 划线部分 E 在文中指代的是 _they 指代复数名词主格；We hope that green buildings will become common in the future, because (E) they are good for th
16、e environment.划线部分 E 在文中指代的是 _them 指代复数名词宾格；They also gave us signs with numbers on( C) them for competitions during the show.划线部分 C 在文中指代的是 _one 指代单可数名词等。Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one ( =a present ) that I have never seen.Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones (=many presen
17、ts ) that I have never seen.除了位置、性、数和格等方面的要求外，逻辑和意义也是衡量的标准，也就是说，正确的答案应该从意义(主要指语法搭配)上和逻辑(主要指思想内容)上而言都通顺。since, for, because, as 表原因的用法区别 ： because：表示直接的原因或理由。用于回答 Why 的问题。because 与 so 不能同时并列使用。since：表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。译为“既然”。as：表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系。for：常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于句首。 you can
18、t answer the question, Ill ask someone else. = you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.= you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.= you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else._ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. A. For B. Since C. When D. while
19、It must be morning ， the birds are singing. We couldnt go out you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.when，while 与 as 的用法：均可表示“当的时候” ，但有区别：when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓语动作同时发生。有时还有“这时”的意思。while：常接持续性的动词，强调主从句谓语动作同时发生，常用进行时。有时还有对比意义，意为“然而” 。as：强调同时发生或伴随进行。常用一般现在时或过去时，意为“一边一边” 。有时
20、还有“随着” 含义。I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.A. since B. while C. when D. as before after sinceIt was 3 years _ he came back.It was 3 years ago _ he came back.It is 3 years _ he came back.The show was an hour long but we had to arrive at the studio
21、two hours (A) the show started。在文中 A 的空白处各填入一个适当的单词： _The next moment, (F) she had time to realize what was happening, she was hit over the head. 在文中 F 的空白处各填入一个适当的单词： _Operation Smile also trains doctors in developing countries So that they can continue to help children even(E)_ the Operation Smile
22、 team has left the country在文中 E 的空白处各填入一个适当的单词： _as(/like)/when although/though/but/however because/for if unlessThe trouble is that our atmosphere is changing (C)_ we are polluting it with chemicalsin the form of gasesand it is keeping in too much heat!在（C）处填入适当的词语_He found it very difficult to rea
23、d, (C)_ his eyesight was beginning to fail.在（C）处填入适当的词语_ Peter was so excited(A) _he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.在文中 A 的空白处各填入一个适当的单词： _ The earth goes around the sun just (E) _ the moon goes around the earth.在文中 E 的空白处各填入一个适当的单词： _ As a result, European automakers used
24、 to make a wider variety of compact cars while American automakers used to build bigger, heavier cars. (B)_ , these days, automakers in both America and Europe produce cars of different sizes. This is because most automakers export their cars all over the world. 在（B）处填入适当的单词：_mostmost of the +n.(pl)
25、/pron. the majority of (the)mostly: 主要地（状）Americans love to try something new_because they believe that the newer may be the better.A. mostly B. hardly C. nearly D. almost-Did you enjoy the movie last night? -Yes, I didnt expect it _ wonderful. A. more B. as C. most D. much-The temperature today is
26、10 below zero. -Oh, its _cold. A. the most B. the more C. most D. much morea number of / the number of “数量”不同 :A number of foreign scientists come to visit China since 1998.A. has B. are C. have D. willThe number of the students in our class 45.A. is B. are C. has D. havemuch too+adj/adv(原级)too much
27、+n.(u.)too many+n.(pl.)Its high time you had your hair cut ; its getting .A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long muchprotect(from) doing sthprevent/stop(from) doing sthkeepfrom doingkeepdoingWearing dark glasses can _ your eyes from the sun.A. care B. prevent C. defend D. pro
28、tectHe made up his mind to devote his life _pollution_ happily.A. to prevent, to live B. to prevent, from living C. to preventing, to live D. to preventing, from livinglive: 活着，有生命的(作定语，主要用来指鸟或其他动物)，实况直播的lively: 活泼的，有生气的，生动的alive: 活着的，还有气儿的，是表语形容词，在句中作表语或后置定语living: 活着，健在的，现行的The hunter said he was
29、lucky to get out of the forest_.A. living B. alive C. lively D. live主+be +adj. +to do: 不定式一般用主动式，与主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以当不定式的动词是不及物动词时，则应在其后加上适当的介词。主+be +adj. +to do= It be +adj.+ (for/of sb) +to do sthThis question is difficult to answer.= is difficult answer the question.The man is hard to work with.= is
30、 hard to work the man.turn+adj: 常表示从某种状态向其他状态变化的自然现象The weather has turned much colder.go+adj: 常表示由好变坏的情况： The milk went wrong/bad.become+adj: 强调施动者的作用或变化的结果Please dont get angry. come+adj: 一般表示向好的方面变化。My dream has come true.Happy birthday, Alice! So you have twenty-one already! A. become B. turned
31、C. grown D. passedOn hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she _ pale. A. got B. changed C. went D. appearedAt last he _ worker. A. became B. turned C. changed D. grewsth：与一致/符合sb：同意某人with ones idea/opinion 同意某人的意见what sb said (观点，所说的话)to ons plan/ suggestionagree 同意某人的计划、安排、意见about/on
32、/upon sth 同意做某事to do sththat-clauseThe manager has _ to improve the working conditions in the company. A. accepted B. allowed C. permitted D. agreedSome teachers couldnt agree _the spring outing, but all the students agreed _ the plan.A. with; with B. on; to C. to; with D. about; onto dospecially+ f
33、or-phraseespeciallyIts always difficult being in a foreign country, _ if you dont speak the language.A. terribly B. naturally C.specially D. especiallylate：晚，迟，不久前lately=recently：近来last：最后，最后的latest：最近的，最新的later：后来；结构常为：一段时间 later：过了之后 I have seen so little of Mike_. Is he away on business?- Oh, no.
34、 He just leaves for his office and comes very_.A. later; lately B. later; later C. lately; late D. late; latelyIn Britain, the best season of the year is probably _ spring.A. later B. last C. latter D. latehave/make/let/see/watch/listen to+宾+ 宾补(do/doing/done)get sb to do sthhave+宾+宾补(to do/to be do
35、ne)Will you _ me the favour to put on the coat? A. do B. make C. give D. haveThey _ him working all day long. A. had B. made C. forced D. obligedGo and join in the party. _ it to me to do the washing-up. A. Get B. Remain C. Leave D. SendI love to go to the seaside in summer. It _ good to lie in the
36、sun or swim in the cool sea. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makesWhen shall we start? Let _ it 8:30. Is that all right? A. set B. meet C. make D. taken.doing/to do sthsb to do sthprefer+ sth to sthdoing A to doing Bto do A rather than do sththat sb (should) do sthDoes this meal cost $50? I _ something
37、far better than this! A. prefer B. expect C. suggest D. suppose He _ live in the country than in the city.A. prefers to B. likes to C. had better D. would rather分词 的基本特征：A) 现在分词 主动的，表进行的，表特征的The long and tiring talk, filled with arguments and quarrels, ended in disorder, _ no agreement at all.A. arr
38、iving B. arrived at C. reaching D. and getting toMany students _ around, I explained the story into details.A. stood B. standing C. to stand D. were standingBill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold Robert is inde
39、ed a wise man.Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not takingPeter received a letter just now _ his grandma would come to see him soon.Asaid B says Csaying Dto sayB) 过去分词 被动的，表完成的，表状态的_ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more gre
40、en houses. A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _ every day. A. watered B. watering C. water D. to waterPlease remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. to seat B. to be seated C.seating D. seated 不是任何动词都可以用于过去分词(只有及物动词
41、才可以用作过去分词.) ：The photo_ on the wall was taken in Beijing last year.A. hang B. hanging C. hung D. hangedIn order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours _ in my study.A. locking B. locked C. to lock D. to be locked现在分词作表语与过去分词作表语的区别： The film was very interesting. Im interested in reading novels wri
42、tten by Jin Yong.如何使用分词作定语，状语，宾补:定语:The girl reading over there (The girl who was reading over there) soon fell asleep.The broken window (The window which was broken) will be replaced soon.The books bought yesterday ( which were bought yesterday) are of high quality.分词作定语时应该注意的问题(missing , lost ; re
43、maining ,left 等)状语:Scolded ( As she was scolded) by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head.Having been kept (As he had been kept) in prison for many years, he went mad.The old man passed away, leaving a lot of debts unpaid.Having finished (After he had finished) his exercises, he went to play basketball.宾补:see / hear / feel / notice / have / catch / leave / set / send. sb. doing sth:have something done / get something done / makeThe salesman caught the thief stealing in the shop. oneself do
