1、12013 年全国职称英语等级考试综合类 A 级试题及参考答案 第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每 题1分，共 15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error. A. inflexible B. general C. complex D. direct 2. This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. A. turned dead B. pas
2、sed by C. carried away D. become extinct 3. The contract between the two companies will expire soon. A. Shorten B. end C. start D. resume 4. Three world-class tennis players came to content for this title. A. Argue B. claim C. wish D. compete 5. The methods of communication used during the war were
3、primitive. A. simple B. Reliable C. Effective D. alternative 6. Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law. A. moral B. Regular C. Fundamental D. hard 7. The drinking water has became contaminated with lead. A. polluted B. treated C. tested D. corrupted 8. Come out, or Ill bust the door dow
4、n. A. shut B. set C. break D. beat 9. She shed a few tears at her daughters wedding. A. wiped B. Injected C. produced D. removed 10. They didnt seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem. A. existence B. importance C. Cause D. situation 11. The tower remains intact ever after two hundred years.
5、 A. unknown B. Unusual C. Undamaged D. unstable 12. Many experts remain skeptical about his claims. A. doubtful B. untouched C. Certain D. silent 13. The proposal was endorsed the majority of members. A. Rejected B. submitted C. considered D. approved 14. Rumors began to circulate about his financia
6、l problems. A. send B. spread C. hear D. confirm 15. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town. A. naked B. cautious C. blind D. private 参考答案： 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.C 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.B 第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每 题1分，共 7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信
7、息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Mau Piailug, Ocean Navigator 2In early 1976, a fisherman, led an expedition in which he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti. The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organized the expedition. Its purpose was t
8、o find out if seafarers (海员）in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational instruments, or whether the islands had been populated by accident. At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by observing the stars, the wind and
9、the sea.He had never before sailed to Tahiti, which was a long way to the south. However, he understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands, so he was confident he could find his way. The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did itHis grandfather began the task of teach
10、ing him how to navigate when he was still a baby. He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different places. Later, Mau used a circle of stones to memorize the positions of the stars. Each stone was laid out in the sand to represent a
11、star.The voyage proved that Hawaiis first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars. Mau himself became a keen teacher, passing on his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be lost. He explained the position of the stars
12、to his students, but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done.16. At the time of his voyage, Mau had unique navigational skills. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. Mau was familiar with the sea around Tahiti. A. Right B.
13、Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. Mau could not afford a compass or charts. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Mau learnt navigation skills from his grandfather. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. Mau used stones to memories where the stars were situated in the sky. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mention
14、ed 21. The first inhabitants of Hawaii could read and write. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 22. Mau expected his students to remember the positions of the stars immediately. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 参考答案： 16 A 17 B 18 C 19 A 20 A 21 C 22 B 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每 题1分，共 8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任
15、务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Traffic JamsNo End in Sight 1 Traffic congestion(拥堵)affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average
16、 of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy. 2 The most promising technique for re
17、ducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby 3cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm
18、 have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing. 3 Another way to reduce rushhour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times
19、 can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether. 4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers aro
20、und or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them. 5 Other, more forwardthinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automob
21、iles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some$7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain
22、 that such funding is tiny compared with the$50 billion being spent on roads and bridges. 23. Paragraph 1_ 24. Paragraph 2_ 25. Paragraph 3_ 26. Paragraph 4_ A Not doing enough B A global problem C Changing work practice D A solution which is no solution E Paying to get in F Closing city centres to
23、traffic 27. Most American drivers think it convenient to_. 28. If charged high enough, some drivers may_ to enter certain parts of town. 29. Building more roads is not an effective way to_. 30. The U. S. government has planned to _ updating public-transport systems. A go by bus B encourage more priv
24、ate cars C drive around D spend more money E reduce traffic jams F travel regularly 参考答案：23 A 24 E 25 C 26 D 27 C 28 A 29 E 30 D 第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题 ，每 题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 第一篇 Making a Loss is the Height of Fashion Given that a good year in t
25、he haute couture(高级定制女装)business is one where you lose even 4more money than usual, the prevailing mood in Paris last week was sensational. The big-name designers were falling over themselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price, and how this proved that the fashion busines
26、s was healthier than ever. JeanPaul Gaultier reported record sales. “But we dont make any money out of it”, the designer assured journalists backstage. “No matter how successful you are, you cant make a profit from couture,” explained JeanJacques Picart, a veteran fashion PR man, and cofounder of th
27、e nowbankrupt Lacroix house. Almost 20 years have passed since the unusual economics of the couture business were first exposed. Outraged that he was Losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds, the couturier Jean-Louis Scherrer published of his costs. One outfit he described
28、 curtained over half a mile of gold thread 1 8, 000sequins(亮片), and had required hundreds of hours of handstitching in an atelier(制作室). A fair price would have been50, 000, but the couturier could only get35, 000 for it. Rather than riding high on the foolishness of the superrich, he and his team co
29、uld barely feed their hungry families. The result was an outcry and the first of a series of government-and industrysponsored inquiries into the surreal(超现实的)world of ultimate fashion. The trade continues to insist that couture offers you more than you pay for, but its not as simple as that. When su
30、ch a temple of old wealth starts talking about value for money, it isnt to convince anyone that dresses costing as much as houses are a bargain. Rather, it is to preserve the peculiar mystique(神秘), lucrative(利润丰厚的)associations and threatened interests that couture represents. Essentially, the argume
31、nts couldnt be simpler. On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesnt change. On the other are those who say it will die if it is highly dated. Huge in its costs, tiny in its clientele and questionable in its influence, it still remains one of the great themes of Parisian lif
32、e. In his book, The Fashion Conspiracy, Nicholas Coleridge estimates that the entire couture industry rests on the whims(一时兴起)of less than 30 immensely wealthy women, and although the number may have grown in recent years with the new prosperity of Asia, the number of couture customers worldwide is
33、no more than 4.000. To qualify as couture, a garment must be entirely handmade by one of the 11 Paris couture houses registered to the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture. Each house must employ at least 20 people. and show a minimum of 75 new designs a year. So far, so traditional. But the Big Fo
34、ur operatorsChanel, Dior, Givenchy and Gaultierincreasingly use couture as a marketing device for their far more profitable readytowear, fragrance and accessory lines. 31. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A. The haute couture business is expanding quickly. B. The haute couture designers
35、 make much profit in their sales. C. The haute couture businessmen are happy with their profit. D. The haute couture designers claim losses in their sales. 32. According to the second paragraph, Jean-Louis Scherrer_. A. was in a worse financial position than other couturiers. B. was very angry as he
36、 was losing money. C. was one of the best-know couturiers. D. stopped producing haute couture dresses. 33. The writer says that the outfit Jean-Louis Scherrer described_. A. was worth the price that was paid for it. 5B. cost more to make than it should have. C. was never sold to anyone. D. should ha
37、ve cost the customer than it did. 34. The writer says in Paragraph 4 that there is disagreement over_. A. the history of haute couture. B. the future of haute couture. C. the real costs of haute couture. D. the changes that need to be made in haute couture. 35. What is the writers tone toward haute
38、couture business? A. Somewhat ironical B. Quite supportive. C. Fairly friendly. D. Rather indifferent. 参考答案：31.D、32.A、33.D、34.D、35.A 第二篇 On the Trial of the Honey Badger On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers. The team employed a loc
39、al wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers movements and behavior as discreetly(谨慎地) as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior. They also planned to trap a few a
40、nd study them close up before releasing them in view of the animals reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do. “The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,” he says. “That, combined with their unpredictable na
41、ture, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they wont be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. Theyre actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious(凶恶的). Fortunatel
42、y this is rare, but it does happen.” The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however,
43、by the animals fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey(猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family
44、 groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other. Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover m
45、ore than 500 square kilometers. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species. As the badgers became accustomed to the presenc
46、e of people, it gave the team the to get up close to them without being the subject of the animals curiosityor sudden aggression. The badgers eating patterns, which had been disrupted, to normal. It also allowed the team to observe 6more closely some of the other creatures that form working associat
47、ions with the honey badger, as these seemed to badgers relaxed attitude when near humans. 36. Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert? A. To find where honey badgers live. B. To catch some honey badgers for food. C. To observe how honey badgers behave. D. To find out why honey badger
48、s have a bad reputation. 37. What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers? A. They are always looking for food. B. They do not enjoy human company. C. They show interest in things they are not familiar with. D. It is common for them to attack people. 38. What did the team find out about honey badge
49、rs? A. There were some creatures they did not eat. B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures. C. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers. D. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit. 39. Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers? A. They dont run very quickly. B. Th
