1、2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语(北京卷)本试卷共 16 页， 共 150 分。考试时间为 120 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后， 你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。例： What is the man going to rend? A. A newspaper B. A mag
2、azine C. A book 答案是 A1. What juice does the man order? A. Lemon B. Apple C. Orange2. What subject does the man like best? A. History. B. Biology. C. Chemistry.3. Where is the woman from? A. Britain. B. Russia. C. America.4. What kind of student bus pass does the woman want? A. Weekly. B. Monthly. C.
3、 Yearly.5. What are the two speakers going to nuy for Marys birthday? A. A bicycle. B. A pen. C. A book.第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）听下面 4 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。6. Whats wrong with the woman ? A
4、. She has a cough. B. She has a headache. C. She has a fever.7. How long is the medicine for? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。8. What does the woman need? A. Some ink. B. A printer. C. Some paper.9. What problem does the man have?A. He cant send a text message. B. He cant
5、 hear the woman clearly. C. He cant be back to the office soon.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. What does the woman plan to do at first? A. To stay at home. B. InTo eat out. C. To see a film.11. When will the two speakers meet? A. At 11:oo am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 4:00 pm.12. What is the man trying to do?
6、A. To introduce a new pizza to the woman. B. To remind the woman to relax herself. C. To invite the woman to see a movie.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 15 题。13. When did the family visit the Design Museum? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.14. How did the family go to Hyde Park? A. On foot. B. By taxi.
7、C. By tarin.15. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Amazing attraction in London. B. A four-day trip to London. C. A dream about London.第三节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面一段对话，完成第 16 至 20 五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听对话前，你将有 20 秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有 60 秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。Ticket booking FormEvent the beast held t
8、ightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrest
9、ling (扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest, before returning for another attack- The first time I felf panic.Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went.
10、 My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. Im proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.60. The brown bear approached the family in order to _.A. catch shore birds B. start an attack C. protect the children D. set
11、 up a barrier for itself61. The bear finally went away after it _. A. felt safe B. got injured C. found some food D. took away the camera62. The writer and his family survived mainly due to their _ . A. pride B. patience C. calmness D. cautiousnessCChoosing the Right Resolution (决定)Millions of Ameri
12、cans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.To reach our goal of losing weight - the output, we need to control what we eat - the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to contro
13、l the input. This is a bad way to construce goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “Ill stop having desert for lunch,” or “Ill walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified
14、 input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave
15、students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryers conclusion was that the intensives for input
16、s might be more effective because do not knoe how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance o
17、f success. And its easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measur
18、e your success easily. Spending less money isnt a goal because its too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, dont stop with this general wish. Think bout an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.In the long run, t
19、hese new goals could become a habit.63. The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _ .A. it is hard to achieve for most Americans B. it is focused too much on the resultC. it is dependent on too many things D. it is based on actionable decisions64. In Roland Fryers res
20、earch, some students did better than the others because _ .A. they obeyed all the general rules B. they paid more attention to examsC. they were motivated by their classmates D. they were rewarded for reading some books65. According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal?A.
21、“Ill give up desert.” B. “Ill study harder.” C. “Ill cut down my expense” D. “Ill spend more time with my family”66. The writer strongly believes that we should _ .A. develop good habits and focus on the outcome B. be optimistic about final goals and stick to themC. pick specific actions that can be
22、 turned into good habits D. set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang outputDStore Scent(香味)What is the first thing you nitice when you walk into a shop? The products displayed (展示) at the entrance? Or the soft background music?But have you ever notice the smell? Unless it is bad, the answe
23、r is likely to be no. But while a shops scent may not be outstanding compared with sightsand sounds, it is certainly there. And it is providing to be an increasing powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairl
24、y dark hall and out to the entrance, via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores, customers intension to purchase increased by 80 percent.When it comes to the
25、best shopping streets in Pairs, scent is just as important to a brands success as the quality of its window displays and goods on slaes. That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be.Some years ago,the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sale
26、s assistants disproving attitude and dont-touch-what-you-cant-afford displays. Now the rise of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has opened up famous brands to a wider audience. But while e-shops can use sights and sounds, only bricks-and-mortar stores (实体店) can offer a full experience from the minut
27、e customers step through the door to the moment they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop, but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to achieve this.Now a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid
28、 department, and coconut (椰子 ) scent in the swimsuit section. A department store has even opened a new lab, inviting customers on a journey into the stores windows to smell books, pots and drawers, in search of their perfect scent.67. According to the passage, what is an increasingly powerful tool i
29、n the success of some brand store?A. Friendly assistant. B. Unique scents. C. Soft background music D. attractive window display.68. E-shops are mentioned in the passage to _ .A. ashow the advantages of brick-and-mortar stores B. urge shop assistants to change their attitudeC. push stores to use sig
30、hts and sounds D. introduce the rise of e-commerce69. The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means _ .A. a platform that exhibts goods B. a spot where travelers like to stayC.a place where customers love to go D. a target that a store expects to meet70. The main purpose of the passage is t
31、o _ .A. compare and evaluate B. examine and assess C. argue and discuss D.inform and explain第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evaluating Sources (来源) of health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requairs reasonable evaluation. A key first step in be
32、ttering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Resonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of so
33、urces. 71 Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determin whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. 73 Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a beh
34、aviour “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense. Ifa report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially ca
35、reful of information contained in advertisements. 74 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully, and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).75 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to e
36、valuate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A.Make choice that are right for you. B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C.Be sure to work through the critical questions. D. And examine the findings of the original research. E. Disti
37、nguish between research reports and public health advice.F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）第一节(15 分) 你给英国朋友 Chris
38、写一封信，内容包括：1.你们原计划 7 月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到 8 月份。注意： 1.词数不少于 50. 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Chris,_Yours,Joe(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)第二节（20 分）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。注意：1. 词数不少于 60. 2. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school.(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
