1、 家辉培优只为再优秀一点 www.jhpy.org2016 年上海高考英语试题解析考生注意：1.考试时间 120 分钟, 试卷满分 150 分.2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分.试卷分为第 I 卷（第 112 页）和第 II 卷（第 13 页） ，全卷共 13 页.所 3.有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分.4.答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名.第 I 卷(共 103 分)I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,
2、you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,
3、 and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.It is satisfactory.B.It is luxurious.C.It is old-fashioned.D.It is disappointing.2.A.On August 5th.B.On August 6th.C.On August 7th.D.On August 8th.3.A.A waiter.B.A butcher.C.A porter.D.A farmer.4.A.In a theatre. B.In a libra
4、ry. C.In a booking office.D.In a furniture store.5.A.She expected to a better show.B.She could hardly find her seat.C.She wasnt interested in the show.D.She didnt get a favourable seat.6.A.The woman often eats out for breakfast. B.The cafeteria serves good breakfast.C.The woman doesnt have breakfast
5、.D.The cafeteria doesnt serve breakfast.7.A.Selling cucumbers. B.Planting vegetables.C.Cooking a meal. D.Picking tomatoes.8.A.The man should work hard. B.The man should turn down the job offer.C.The man may have another chance. D.The man can apply for the job again.9.A.It is a hot and smoggy day. B.
6、There is a traffic jam on King Street.C.A vehicle is polluting the air.D.The man is reading a report online.10.A.Its ending is not good enough. B.Its special effects are not satisfying.C.It deserves an award. D.It is good except for the scary part.Section B家辉培优只为再优秀一点 www.jhpy.orgDirections: In Sect
7、ion B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to t
8、he question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A.$1B.$2C$3D.$ 5212.A.Pay the bills first.B.Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.C.Deposit $1000 every month.D.Put part of the money in a savings account.13.A.Methods of saving money.B.Saving money for fami
9、ly emergencies.C.The importance of saving money.D.Secrets of spending money wisely.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A.Free education.B.A sum of money.C.Donations from a local newspaper.D.Gifts from many people.15.A.Let students in before school.B.Offer ice cream and coff
10、ee.C.Introduce a bank into the campus.D.Reduce the traffic jams around.16.A.It lacks positive news.B.It should grow into a big city.C.It is a place worth living in.D.It remains peaceful and quiet.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations.The conversations will be read
11、 twice.After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form.Write ONE WORD for each answer.Class Diary (June 13-19)S
12、UN13MON14 17 for after-class activity applicationTUE15WED16 Handing in three student 18 家辉培优只为再优秀一点 www.jhpy.orgTHU17 Basketball Club meetingTime:12:451:30pm Place: The 19 FRI18 Filling in a form with up-to-date personal dataTime: 20 break Place: The computer roomSAT19Blank 21 through 24 are based o
13、n the following conversation.Complete the form.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Who is Sue Walter? She is 21 in court and a writer.What is Sues suggestion for people with difficulties? 22 In Sues eyes, what is the best part about her job? 23 in decision-making.What does Sue think happi
14、ness is? 24 II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form.of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that
15、best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mothers house, so I stayed with her for a month.During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out
16、 pretty quickly we were always suddenly out of something.(25)_ _(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks.To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine.Eventually, I dec
17、ided to follow her and (26)_ happened truly amazed me.She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)_ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area.The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own
18、mother.Then it hit me why would she not want to tell me about what she (28)_ _(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29) _(buy) the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery.(30)_ _ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she di
19、dnt need to keep it a secret (31)_ _ me.She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets.For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare.I was so impressed by (32)_ _ selfless she was.【答案】25.Wondering26.
20、what27.which28.had done29.buying30.Before31.from32.how 【解析】家辉培优只为再优秀一点 www.jhpy.org试题分析：本文属于记叙文，我在无意中发现妈妈偷偷地帮助难民，赞美了妈妈善良无私的美丽品质.25.Wondering 考查现在分词做状语.动词 wonder 与本句主语 I 构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词 wondering在句中做状语.26.what 考查主语从句.本句中连接代词 what 引导主语从句 what happened，并在句中做主语.句意：发生的事情真得让我很惊讶.27.which 考查定语从句.本题定语从句的先行词
21、是 the refugee camp，关系代词 which 指代先行词在定语从句中作为介词 in 的宾语，in which 相当于关系副词 where.28.had done 考查时态.根据上下文可知本文介绍的是我被派到妈妈家附近工作，这是过去发生的事情，而妈妈帮助难民是在我来这里工作之前就发生的事情，所以应该使用过去完成时表示过去的过去发生的事情.29.buying 考查动词短语.短语 stop to do sth 停下了做另外一件事情；stop doing sth 停止做某事；句意：妈考点：考查语法填空(B)Stress: Good or Bad?Stress used to be an
22、almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years, stress(33)_(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.But like so many other thing
23、s, it is only too much stress(34)_ does you harm.It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little.If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low.Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_(good) y
24、our performance will be.Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown.You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_ number of questions.Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expec
25、ted of (37)_, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or(38) _(annoy) with people over unimportant things?.If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)_ _(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.To some
26、 extent you can control the amount of stress in your life.Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events.Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc.If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_ (get )ill
27、.【答案】33.has been regarded34.that35.better36.a7.you38.annoyed39.control40.to get【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，压力成为了我们生活中常见的一个词汇.文章告诉我们一定范围之内的压力能促进我们的工作，但一旦压力过大，就会给我们的生活带来很多负面的影响.33.has been regarded 考查时态语态 .本句的时间状语是 in recent years 最近几年以来，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用，且句子主语 stress 与动词 regard 构成被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式 has been r
28、egarded.家辉培优只为再优秀一点 www.jhpy.org34.that 考查强调句型.强调句型的基本结构为 It is/was 被强调成分 that/who 其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉 it is/wasthat/who句子仍然成立 .要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分 .本句强调的是句子主语 only too much stress.35.better 考查固定句式“The+比较级.， the+比较级”意为“越.就越.”.本句句意：你承受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好.所以本空使用 good 的比较级形式 better.36.a 考查固定短语.短语 a number
29、 of 许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用 a number of 修饰可数名词复数形式 questions.37.you 考查上下文串联.句意：例如，你是否感觉到对你期待得太多了？本句的主语是 you，所以仍然使用宾格 you 作为介词 of 的宾语 .38.annoyed 考查形容词.形容词 annoyed 恼怒的，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人.本句中该词和 impatient 构成并列关系一起和系动词 get 构成系表结构.39.control 考查固定搭配.动词短语 had better do sth 最好做某事；“had better”
30、是情态动词，后面要接动词原形40.to get 考查形容词短语 .短语 be likely to do sth 可能做某事；句意：如果你生活中的压力超过 150，你就非常有可能生病了.考点：考查语法填空Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.account B.adjustable C.appliances D.
31、capture E.decorations F.direct G.experiment H.intended I.operated J.soulless K.squeezeGolden Rules of Good DesignWhat makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design.They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas o
32、f good design.There are four as follows.Less is more.This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe.In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means.Design should
33、 avoid unnecessary 42 More is not a bore.The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design.Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again.Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 4
34、5 such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose.Successful product design takes into consideration a products function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on.The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 .For example, think of a(n) 47desk lamp.It needs to be constructed
35、 from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user.It also needs to be stable.Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.From follows emotion.This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger.He believes design must take into 49
36、 the sensory side of our naturesight, smell, touch and taste.These are as important as rational(理性的).When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.【答案】41.D42.E43.J44.G45.C46.H47.B48.F49.A50.K【解析】家辉培优只
37、为再优秀一点 www.jhpy.org试题分析：本文属于说明文，告诉我们好的设计应包括四个黄金定律：简约、功能以及情感等等.41.D 动词 capture 获得；捕获；本句中该词构成的不定式短语“to capture. ”作为动词 try 的宾语.句意：多年以来，设计师和艺术家一直都在努力搞清楚好的设计的本质.42.E 名词 decorations 装饰，该词在句中作为动词 avoid 的宾语.本段的主题是“Less is more”倡导装修设计的简单化.句意：设计应该避免不必要的装饰物.43.J 形容词 soulless 没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词 design.根据前半句“Th
38、e American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly.”可知美国建筑家 Robert Venturi 总结过，如果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的；44.G 动词短语 experiment with 试用，用.做实验；句意：后现代主义设计师们再一次开始试验装饰和颜色.45.C 名词 appliance 电器，电器工具；该词可由后面列举的例子“ovens and kettles 烤箱和水壶”推理，指厨房电器等物品.46.H 形容词 intended 预期的；本句中该词和系动
39、词 is 构成系表结构.句意：对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果.考点：考查选词填空 III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the ke
40、y thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y.Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it.Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 5
41、2 , many managers still agree to Theory X.They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation.This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways o
42、f 55 people.Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-makingall members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process.This is management by the collective opinion.Many western companies have tried to
43、 imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 .Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their
44、 own initiative, to make decisions on their own without59 managers first.This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies.After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line manage
45、rs and employees with direct contact with the public.Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case.Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations 家辉培优只为再优秀一点 www.jhpy.o
46、rgbecome more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses.Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for proj
47、ects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike52.A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme53.A.vice versaB.for exampleC.howeverD.otherwise54.A.outsideB.insideC.belowD.above 55.A.replacingB.assessingC.managingD.encouraging 56.A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply
48、57.A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression58.A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male59.A.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firing60.A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating61.A.honoredB.leftC.crowdedD.compared62.A.economically B.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionally63.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure64.A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene65.A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractiveness【答案】51.D52.A53.B54.D55.C56.B57.A58.D59.A60.C61.B62.B63.D64.A65.C【解析】试题分析：本文是说明文，作者在第一段中提出道格拉斯麦克雷戈所提出的人性假设理论中的 X 理论和Y 理论，并介绍了现代社会中一种新型管理理论：授权管理及其作用.51.D 考查上下文串联.根据后半句 “.will do anything
