1、2016 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Happy people work differently. Theyre more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new r
2、esearch suggests that happiness might influence_1_firms work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper._2_, firms in happy places spend more on Renviornmentalists doesnt go far enough. “The federal government is giving responsibility for m
3、anaging the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction,“ says biologist Jay Lininger.26. The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is_.A its drastically decreased populationB the underestimate of the grassland acreageC a desperate appeal from some biologistsD t
4、he insistence of private landowners27.The “threatened“ tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_. Awas a give-in to governmental pressureB would involve fewer agencies in actionC granted less federal regulatory powerD went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph 3
5、that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_.A agree to pay a sum for compensationB volunteer to set up an equally big habitatC offer to support the WAFWA monitoring jobD promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29. According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species lies
6、in_.A the federal governmentB the wildlife agenciesC the landownersD the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_.A industry groupsB the win-win rhetoric3C environmental groupsD the plan under challengeText 3That everyones too busy these days is a clich. But one specific complaint is made es
7、pecially mournfully: Theres never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques dont seem sufficient. The webs full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV“ or “Carry a book with you at all times“. But in my experience, using such
8、 methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesnt work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning or else youre so exhausted that a challenging books the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, “is overwhelmingly inclined toward com
9、municationIt is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption“. Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which cant be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, “becoming more efficient“ is part of the problem. Thinking of ti
10、me as a resource to be maximized means you approach it instrumentally; judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot itas a to-
11、do list item and youll manage only goal-focused reading useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfillingkind. “The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,“ writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-
12、sized bottles (days, hours, minutes)as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them“. No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. Youd think this might fuel the efficiency mind
13、-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside times flow“ into “soul time“. You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. “Carry abook with you at all times“ can actually work, tooproviding you dip in often enough, s
14、o that reading becomes thedefault state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if youre “making time to read“, but just reading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques d
15、ont work because_. A what they can offer does not ease the modern mindB what challenging books demand is repetitive reading C what people often forget is carrying a book with them D what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The “empty bottles“ metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressur
16、e to_. A update their to-do listsB make passing time fulfilling C carry their plans through D pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps_. A encourage the efficiency mind-setB develop online reading habits C promote ritualistic reading D achieve imm
17、ersive reading34. “Carry a book with you at all times“ can work if_.A reading becomes your primary business of the dayB all the daily business has been promptly dealt withC you are able to drop back to business after readingD time can be evenly split for reading and business 35. The best title for t
18、his text could be_.A How to Enjoy Easy ReadingB How to Find Time to ReadC How to Set Reading GoalsD How to Read Extensively4Text 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.A
19、cross generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life,
20、 they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more pu
21、blic services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest
22、that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key poi
23、nt: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. While younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both gr
24、oups believe those “just getting started in life“ face a tougher good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-year-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after
25、 graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said. “I cant afford to pay my monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to make that happen.“ Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even thou
26、gh neither had completed college when he was young. “I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didnt have college degrees,“ Schneider said, “I dont think people are capable of that anymore.“36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is_. A trying out different lifestyles
27、B having a family with children C working beyond retirement age D setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to _. A favor a slower life paceB hold an occupation longerC attach importance to pre-marital finance D give priority to childcare outside t
28、he home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will _. A become increasingly clearB focus on materialistic issuesC depend largely on political preferences D reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that _.A good-paying jobs are less availableB the old ma
29、de more life achievementsC housing loans today are easy to obtainD getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?A He found a dream job after graduating from college.B His parents believe working steadily is a must for success.C His parents good life h
30、as little to do with a college degree.D He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitle from the list A-G for5each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subtitles which you do not n
31、eed to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A Be sillyB Have funC Express your emotionsD Dont overthink itE Be easily pleasedF Notice thingsG Ask for helpAs adults, it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to
32、an art and for the most part they dont need self-help books or therapy. Instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively, and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps its time to learn a few lessons from them.41._What does a child do when hes sad? He cries.When hes angry? He sho
33、uts.Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and dont dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones.thats about as effective
34、 as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we need to dois find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately, and thenagain like childrenmove.42._A couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was nine years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for
35、Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldnt stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job, bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on ou
36、r happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve well-being.43._Have you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormone
37、s like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection, all of which, of course, have a positive effect on happiness levels.44._The problem with being a grown up is that theres an awful lot of serious stuff to deal withwork,mortgagepayments, figu
38、ring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and its important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.Those things might be social,sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room,anyone?) it doe
39、snt matter,so long astheyre enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if youre on a tight budget.45._Having said all of the above, its important to add that we shouldnt try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us thi
40、s can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our well-being. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said: “Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness.“ And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a na
41、tural byproduct of the way they live.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason
42、for this is simple:The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff youll see, and the more stuff you see, the more youll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thou
43、sands more. The sheer volume6of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes ofshopping, most people stop struggling to be rationall
44、y selective, and instead began shopping emotionallywhich is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.Section IV WritingPart A 47.Directions:Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend Jack wrote an email to congratulate you, and ask
45、 advice on translation. Write him a reply to(1)thank him; and (2)give your advice.You should write about 100 words on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ instead. Do not write the address .(10 point)Part B 48.Directions:Write an essay based on the follow
46、ing chart. You should(1) interpret the chart ; and(2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points).某高校学生旅游目的调查7参考答案一、完形填空1-5 CBDCD 6-10 BADAB 11-15 ABADC 16-20 DCCAB二、阅读理解21-25 BDACB 26-30 ACADC 31-35 DBDAB 36-40 BCDDC41-45 CEABD三、翻译46. 超市旨在吸引顾客尽可能长时间的停留在店中。其原因很简单：顾客在店里停留的时间越长，看到的商品越多;而看到的商品越多，买的就会越多。超市中出售大量的商品。根据食品推广协会的调查，普通的超市大概有 44000 种不同的商品;还有很多超市出售的商品高达上万种。如此多的选择足以使顾客面对超负荷的信息。根据脑部扫描实验，需要快速的做这么多决定就会让我们难以承受。大约在购物 40 分钟之后，大多人就不会再努力做出理性的选择了，取而代之的就是冲动购物而这时，我们的购物车中已经装了一半根本就没想买的东西了。四、写作47. 略 48.略8
