2018重庆中考英语定语从句.doc

1、12017 重庆中考英语- 定语从句（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一 名词 或 代词 的从句叫做定语从句。定 语 定 语 用 来 限 定 、 修 饰 名 词 或 代 词 的 ， 是 对 名 词 或 代 词 起 修 饰 、 限 定 作 用 的 词 、 短 语 （ 动 词 不 定 式 短 语 、 动 名 词 短语 和 分 词 短 语 ） 或 句 子 ， 汉 语 中 常 用 的 表 示 。 主 要 由 形 容 词 担 任 ， 此 外 ， 名 词 ， 代 词 ， 数 词 ， 分 词 ， 副 词 ，不 定 式 以 及 介 词 短 语 也 可 以 来 担 任 ， 也 可 以 由 一 个 句 子 来 担

2、任 。 单 词 作 定 语 时 通 常 放 在 它 所 修 饰 的 词 之 前 ， 作 前 置 定 语 。短 语 和 从 句 作 定 语 时 则 放 在 所 修 饰 的 词 之 后 ， 作 后 置 定 语 。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的 man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词 that, wh

3、ich, who(宾格 who, 所有格 whose)和关系副词 where, when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked abo

4、ut. 注意：关系代词 whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which

5、。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语 )5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The

6、 classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?注：that 用法(1)不 用 that 的 情 况 2(a) 在 引 导 非 限 定 性 定 语 从 句 时 。 (错 )The tree, that is four

7、 hundred years old, is very famous here. (b) 介 词 后 不 能 用 。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. (2) 只 能 用 that 作 为 定 语 从 句 的 关 系 代 词 的 情 况 (a) 在 there be 句 型 中 ， 只 用 that， 不 用 which。 (b) 在 不 定 代 词 ， 如 ： anything, nothing, the one, a

8、ll 等 作 先 行 词 时 ， 只 用 that， 不 用 which。 (c) 先 行 词 有 the only, the very,the same,the last,just 修 饰 时 ， 只 用 that。 (d) 先 行 词 为 序 数 词 、 数 词 、 形 容 词 最 高 级 时 ， 只 用 that,不 能 用 which。 . (e) 先 行 词 既 有 人 ， 又 有 物 时 。 (f) 先 行 词 指 物 ， 在 主 句 中 作 表 语 时 (g) 为 了 避 免 重 复 (h)先 行 词 是 the way 或 the reason 时 ， that 可 作 关 系

9、 副 词 ， 也 可 省 略 (i) 主 句 的 主 语 是 疑 问 词 who /which 时 举 例 ： Is this the book that you borrowed in the library? 这 是 你 在 图 书 馆 借 的 那 本 书 吗 ？ Who that break the window should be punished 谁 打 碎 了 窗 户 都 要 受 到 惩 罚 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所 需 的 只 是 供 油 问 题 。 Finally, the thief handed everything

10、that he had stolen to the police. 那 贼 最 终 把 偷 的 全 部 东 西 交 给 了 警 察 。 （三）、关系副词引导定语从句关 系 副 词 关 系 副 词 ： 在 句 中 作 状 语 关 系 副 词 =介 词 +关 系 代 词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where 指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was b

11、orn. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 2. when 引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.注表示时间“time“一词的定语从句只用 when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用 that 引导。 By the time you arrived in Lo

12、ndon, we had stayed there for two weeks. 到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。 3I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。 Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。 每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多。 3. why 指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Ple

13、ase tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school, he began to know what he wanted when h

14、e grew up. 注：1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。 2）that 前不能有介词。 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词“ 结构可以同关系副词 when ,where 和 why 互换。This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined ou

15、r club? This is the reason why he came late. This is the reason for which he came late. 三、练习练习一（一） 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The for

16、eign visitors live there.4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.7. The man was my uncle. The man waved to us. 8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a bo

17、ok last week.49. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.（二） 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house _ we live in is very big.2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday.4. The man _ talked to you

18、 just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.9. Is this the place _ your father once lived?10. Ill

19、never forget the days _ I joined the League.练习二一、单项填空1. -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher?-Oh! Its Mr Baker, our maths teacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble.A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _ visited

20、our school is from Canada.A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing.A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place _I have ever visited.A. there B. when C. where D. which6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting.A. that B. whi

21、ch C. why D. when7. The moon is a world _ there is no life.A. that B. which C. where D. why8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived.A. when B. where C. that D. which9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family.A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, ca

22、me to the policeman.A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to the village _ his family once lived before liberation.A. that B. which C. when D. where12. This is the house _ I want to buy.A. in which B. that C. whose D. where513. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.

23、A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didnt tell me the place _ he was born.A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station.A. that B. which C. where D. when16. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. how B

24、. which C. where D. that17. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which18. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom19. The

25、 film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A. until B. that C. when D. where20. The famous scientist grew up_ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever21. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more t

26、han being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A. when B. where C. what D. that22. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which23. Is this factory _ you worked at?A. the one B. which C. that D. where24. Is this the

27、 factory _ you worked?A. where B. which C. that D. the one25. -Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees?-Yes, he does.A. which B. whose C. where D. who26. The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important.A. who B. where C. what D. that27. -Where is the scientist _ gave us the

28、talk yesterday?-He has gone back to Qinghua University.A. whom B. who C. whose D. which28. I hate people _ talk much but do little.A. whose B. whom C. which D. who29. Do you know a boy _ sister is a nurse in a hospital?A. who B. that C. whom D. whose30. Is there a shop near here_ we can buy vegetabl

29、es and fruits?A. which B. when C. who D. where二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子1. The boys_ are playing football are from Class One. 2. Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.3. Mr Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus. 4. The professor _ you are waiting for has com

30、e. 5. Football is a game _is liked by most boys. 6. He likes to read books _ are written by foreign writers.67. This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. 8. Well go to hear the famous singer _ we have often talked.9. Where is the man _ I saw this morning? 10. The season_ comes after spring is summer. 1

31、1. I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the country. 12. He has a friend _ father is a doctor. 13. I once lived in the house _ roof has fallen in. 14. I still remember the day _ I first came to this school. 15. The time _ we got together finally arrived. 16. Shanghai is the city _ I was bo

32、rn. 17. The house _ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 18. Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plane. 19. The reason _ he was punished is unknown to us. 20. All the people _are present burst into tears.21. There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of _ ar

33、e well educated.22. He succeeded in the competition, _ made his parents very happy.23. The school _ he once studied is very famous. 24. Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine _ you asked. 25. This is the boy _I played tennis with yesterday. 2015 年中考英语单项选择题汇编（定语从句）1.The photo _ taken by my brother last

34、 week is very nice. （2015 呼和浩特）A.which were B.that is C.that were D.which was2.The woman _ is the most important in my life is my mother. （2015 杭州）A.which B.who C.whom D.what3.The stories _ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous.（2015 广州）A.that B.those C.who D.what4.Nowadays WeChat is very po

35、pular among friends.Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication _ people like.（2015 福州）A.that B.which C.who5.Everyone _ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city. （2015 德州）A.why B.whose C.who D.which6.I think the first lesson _ we are learning is very easy. （2015 安顺）A.that B.where C.who D.

36、when7.Why are you so worried?Ive lost the watch _ my dad bought me on my birthday. （2015 泰安）A.whom B.who C.whose D.which8.We dont like people _ talk too much but never do anything. （2015 克拉玛依）A. whose B. who C. when D. which9.A friend is someone _ says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”

37、 （2015 武威）A.who B.which C.what D.whose10.This is the book _ tells many English stories. （2015 自贡）A.what B.which C.who7练习一答案(一) 1. The boy who was here a minute ago is my younger brother. 2. The old man who teaches chemistry in a college is a professor. 3. Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors liv

38、e is near Tian An Men Square. 4. The woman whom you were talking about is here now. 5. This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day. 6. The car just passed us was going 90 miles. 7. The man who waved to us was my uncle. 8. I enjoyed reading the book that you gave me last week. 9. T

39、he subject that I prefer is science. 10. I spoke to the man who is a professor. （二） 1. which/ that 2. who/ that 3. that/ which 4. who/ that 5. that6. that 7. which 8. that/ which 9. where 10. when练习二答案一、单项填空 1-5 BACAD 6-10 CCACC 11-15 DBDDB 16-20 CDDCC 21-25 DBAAD 26-30 DBDDD二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子1. who 2. who 3. whom 4. whom 5. which 6. which 7. which 8. about whom 9. whom 10. which 11. whose 12. whose 13. whose 14. when 15. when 16. where 17. where 18. why 19. why 20. that 21. whom 22. which 23. where 24. that 25. whom2015 年中考英语单项选择题汇编（定语从句）答案1-5 DBAAC 6-10 ADBAB