1、1Grammar 过去分词作状语讲义一分析分词在句子中的成分1.I found this broken plate on the floor.2.I saw a tall, dark and handsome man called Xiaoming .3.So many thousands of terrified people died.4.John Snow decided to help ordinary people exposed to cholera.5. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.6. Exhausted, I slid
2、into bed and fell fast asleep. 7.Awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry, the scientist is still working hard.8.Given time, hell make a first-class tennis player.二. 用非谓语动词做状语改写下列状语从句。1. When our future school is seen from the space, our future school looks like a plate.2. As Lily classroom is surround
3、ed by water, Lily classroom looks beautiful.3. As she is surprised at the schoolbag, she turns her head back to find out what happens.4. If I am given a time machine, I will pay a visit to the future.5. As it was written in a hurry, this article was not so good.答案：1. Seen from the space, our future
4、school looks like a plate.2. Surrounded by water, Lily classroom looks beautiful.3. Surprised at the schoolbag, she turns her head back to find out what happens.4. Given a time machine, I will pay a visit to the future.5. Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.Summary 总结：1.过去分词作状语表示_ 的和/或
5、_ 的动作, 相当一个状语从句。所以过去分词作状语和状语从句可以互相转换。2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意主语人称_。实际上过去分词作状语，相当是状语从句的省略，省略的条件是主从句主语_或从句的主语是_, 状语从句中的谓语又含有_, 这时省略从句的 _和_.答案：1. 被动；完成2. 一致；一致；it；be；主语；be三. 完成课本练习第 21 页，第 2 大题四注意值得注意的是，有些过去分词及短语因来源系表结构，作状语时不强调被动，而注重在描述主语的_. （答案：状态）这样的过去分词及短语有：lost 迷失的，迷路的， seated 坐着的， hidden 藏着的， s
6、atisfied with 满意的， surprised at 吃惊的， worried about 担心的， interested in 感兴趣的 , located in 坐落于，位于 disappointed at 失望的， 2lost /absorbed in 陷于/沉溺., pleased with 对.感到高兴/ 满意dressed in 穿着, tired of 厌烦了, faced with 面对.1. _ ( disappoint) at the examination results, the girl stood there ，silent.2. _ ( dress) i
7、n a white dress, she is the most beautiful girl in the party.五过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别_ （see）from upside, it looks like a lily which is in full bloom(盛开）in the sea._ （see）from upside, you will find a lily which is in full bloom(盛开）in the sea._ （see）from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of th
8、e city._ （see）from the top of the tower, our city looks very beautiful.如果句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是主动关系, 用 _ ，如果句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是被动关系，用_。答案：Seen; Seeing; Seeing; Seen; 现在分词； 过去分词六Having done 的结构(只能作状语)，它所表示的动作发生在句子谓语动词的动作之前。即它所表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作。“being+过去分词” 表示一个正在被进行的动作。“having been+过去分词” 表示过去分词既表被动关系，又说明过去分词的动作发生在句子
9、谓语动词的动作之前，有明显的先后顺序。eg. 1._ (ask) to give a speech, she couldnt refuse.2._ (tell) many times, he finally understood it.3. _ (paint), the house looks like a mess.4._ （ protect）by many guards, he felt safe.由于有很多警卫保护，他觉得很安全答案：1.Being asked 2.Having been told 3.Being pained 4. Being protected七分词作状语记忆口诀 分
10、词作状语，主语是问题。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing, 被动用-ed，having done 表先后，千万要牢记。分词作定语，所修饰名词时问题所修名词找出后，再来判断3主动用-ing，被动用-ed八巩固练习用所给单词的正确形式填空 build frighten follow shoot see1._by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.2.The lady returned home, _ by two policemen. The old man went
11、 upstairs, _ (follow) a dog.3._in 1949, the bridge is over 50 years old.4._ from the hill, you will get a beautiful view of the city.5. Although _ in the leg, he continued firing at the police.答案：1. Frightened 2. followed; following 3.Built 4. Seeing 5. shot高考链接1._ （ see）from the top of the tower, t
12、he south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. （陕西 2010） 2. _（bite） twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.（北京 2009） 3.Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _ （compare） with his old one. （重庆 2009） 4. (compare) with other boys, Tom is luckier.5._ _ （drive ）
13、by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. (2007 浙江卷)6. The trees （blow down） in the storm have been moved off the road. (2008 湖南卷)7.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _（speak） as much as we can. （2008 江苏卷）8. （lose）in deep thought, he di
14、dnt hear the sound. 答案：1.Seen 2.Bitten pared 4.Comparing 5.Driven 6.blown down 7.spoken 8.Lost九复习练习1. In AD 3008 Li Qiang finds his hometown greatly _ (change). Li Qiang was_(surprise).The _ (surprise) boy was very happy. The boy_(surprise) the hovering carriages was very happy. 2.The man has the wa
15、ter _ (deliver) by the computer.The water is_.The water_by the computer is very clean.3. With the dining room _ (build) in the sea, the girl and her mother are having a meal.答案：1.changed;surprised; surprised; surprised at 2. delivered; delivered; delivered; 3.built4过去分词作定语 表语 宾补的用法单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的
16、_; 过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的_。过去分词作表语时，与_构成系表结构，强调主语所处的状态。过去分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语有着逻辑上_关系，即被动关系.with + n. Entering; changed; Seen; working; interested; covered; surprised一Many people are wondering if it is safe to talk on the cellphones while (drive). Most of people think that the use of cellphones should_ (ban) w
17、hile they are driving, because in that case accidents can easily (happen).A _ (grow) number of states are making rules to keep young from using cellphones while they are driving. When there is a car accident, police officers will find out whether any of the drivers is using a cellphone. There have b
18、een some very bad car accidents_ (cause) by drivers being distracted by cellphones. Drivers sometimes forget_ (watch) the road carefully when they_ (use) their phones. Not_ (pay) attention to the road can be dangerous, even deadly.It is important for drivers_ (focus) on the road. They need to pay at
19、tention to what is going on around them. So, stop _(use )your cellphones while drivingII_(decide) what present you should give someone is never easy. Many things must _(consider) such as what the person_ (interest) in and how old he is. We must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) th
20、e gift. One of the worst gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen. Ms Chen _ (teach) me English since Junior 1, and _(show) my appreciation, I decided _ (get) her a present. I asked my classmates about her interests before I made my final decision. Then I went to the
21、department store where I worked part-time and bought her an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. I was certain she _ (like) it 5because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. I left the box with a card on her desk, and I was sure she would like them. It was only after I heard she became
22、 sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG !IIIIt was my first day in Hangzhou, the Chinese city famous for its natural beauty and history and I didnt have much time_(spare). I wanted to see asmuch of the city as possible in the two days before I was to return to Guangzhou.My first task was to decide
23、where to go and how to get there. I took out my guide book in which there was a lot of information about the citys well-knowntourist attractions and started to read. At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and _(introduce) herself. She said her name was Miss Bai and she kindly offered to show me around the city. I was delighted and was about _(accept) her proposal when she suggested we first _(go) to the West Lake and walk along the Broken Bridge. I quite liked the idea of visiting the West Lake but wasnt so sure about _(cross) the Broken Bridge.
