1、-_【第一部分】改错考点及分值分析一、分值分配改错的基本规则:全篇一共 10 处错误,每句最多改 2 处。一般来说,这 10 个题里包括 8 个改正题、1 个少词、1 个多词要把语法分成两部分,一部分叫词法,一部分叫句法,而改错这道题考察的就是语法中的词法。词法,即不同词性的用法,学词法,其实就是在学词性。高中阶段,我们只要知道 8 个词性就够了。词法:改错考点1、 名词(1)2、 代词(1)3、 冠词(1)4、 形容词、副词(2/3)5、 动词(时态 1、语态 1/0、非谓语 1)6、 介词(1)7、 连词(1)二、8 大词性第一组(名代冠,以名词为中心):1,【名词】就是“ 人、物、事 ”
2、的词;2,【代词】就是代替名词的词; 3,【冠词】像是个跟班,总是跟着名词;第二组(形副,总是混着出题):4,【形容词】必须且只能修饰名词(代词);5,【副词】不可以修饰名词(代词),但是可以修饰名词之外的任何东西,包括修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子。-_第三组(动介连)6,【动词】动词可以做谓语(主、谓、宾里面那个谓语),也可以做非谓语(不能充当谓语动词时,就是非谓语动词)。其中,谓语动词考点就是时态和语态(被动语态);7,【介词】比如 in,on,at 这种小词,介词后面一定要加名词( v-ing 也算作名词)8,【连词】(1)并列句连词 and but or 等(2)从属连词,也叫从句
3、连词 that when who which 等。【第二部分】词法分类及考查频率一、【名词】名词考点:单复数。(以下这些词,擦亮眼睛,基本上看见文章里出现了,单数改复数,复数改单数) work(工作不可数;作品可数), job(可数) time(时间不可数;次数可数) , hour, year, month, day student, classmate, friend(别忘了+s ) side, place(这俩都是可数名词) eyes, parents, feet, cheeks, shoes,shoulders ( 这些都是一定+s 的,parent 是单亲 ,cheek 是一个脸蛋,想
4、想用单数有多诡异) grade(年 级不可数;分数可数 +s) people(这是个复数名词,单数 person), family(表示家人时,单复数写法相同,都是 family), kind(种类,可数名词) thanks, regards, wishes, congratulations(感谢类名词永远都要+s)二、【代词】 he - she me mine we I 单复改点 one it 泛指/特指 改点(不定代词/指代词) some any 肯定/ 否定句-_ little few 不可数-可数 the other others the others (另一个【特指】,其他的【泛指】
5、,另外那些【特指】) each / every+ 单数 n三、【冠词】(一)考点规律:1. the 和 same 要连用,比如,This is the same present.2. 形容词最高级前 the/a 均可(意思有差别“最/非常” ) the most disgusting affair 最恶心的事儿 a most disgusting affair 非常恶心的事儿(二)三个万能公式:1. a/an + adj + 抽象名词,比如 have a good time.(传说中的抽象名词具体化)2. the + n + of ,(有限定的名 词要用 the)3. the + n + th
6、at 限定性从句(和上句同理)(三)超高频考点,注意有没有冠词,以及用哪个冠词。 get into trouble 惹麻烦 at an early age 小时候 have a rest 休息一下 catch sight of 看见 go for a walk 去散步 in fact 事实上 hit sb. on the head/face/leg 击打某人的头/脸/腿 once upon a time 很久很久以前-_四、【形容词、副词】(一)考点规律:1、形容词与副词的混用,形容词只可以修饰名词(代词),副词不可以修饰名词(代词)。举几个例子。 Then I heard a loudly
7、crashing(碰撞的) sound from the back of the house. loudly 改为 loud The teacher has already told us exact what to study.exact 改为 exactly She holds the view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard.fully 改为 full My mother said that the food I cooked tasted well.well 改
8、为 good2、形容词/副词,比较级/最高级问题(1)搭配问题比较级中 Than 与 er 或 more 配套;最高级中-est 或 most 与 the/a/an 配套。例如: He hopes to create an environment for his students that is much relaxing than the one he used to study in.much 改为 more(2)more 与 -er 不共存, 例如: Our country will become more brighter in the coming future.more 去掉(3)
9、as adj / adv as 同级比较结构中 adj/adv 用原级。例如: So now I am spending as more time as I can with other people who like to play.more 改为 much 或去掉 more In some places you may borrow many books as you want.(many 前少了as) People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few
10、hundred years ago.so 改为 as-_(二)超高频考点1、形容词的 so 与 such 结构so + adj + (a/an) + nsuch + (a/an) + adj + n例如: I have never seen so an abnormal text like this.so 改 such2、do-ing 和 do-ed 两类形容词用法 ,doing转换 donedone转换 doing以下动词特别容易出 v-ing 和 v-ed 类形容词乱用的考点。surprise/interest/disappoint/excite/encourage/ frighten 比
11、如, I am suprised/ intetested/ disappointed/ excited/ encouraged/ frightened It is surprising/ interesting/ disappointing/ exciting/ encouraging/ frightening五、【动词】(一)考点规律分析及解题套路:1、时态“ 现在时” 和“过去时”互换 并列句中,连词(and/but/or)前后动词时态一致。 简单句中的动词和前后两句话动词时态一致。Eg:At first it is low but gradually it become louder a
12、nd louder.2、语态“ 主动” 和“被动”(1) sth 做主语,常改为被动。【Eg:Your E-mail received just now.应该在received 前加 was】(2)被动语态的 2 种改法:-_ Be+V 原型改法:V 原型改为 V-ed V-ed 改法:v-ed 前添加 be3、需要添加 be 的情况:(1)介词前,(2)助动词后Eg:Then I will (be) ready for the test.Eg: He (is) against the suggestion that he keeps silent at the meeting.【注意 aga
13、inst是介词,不是动词】(二)超高频考点1、固定搭配中的动词【注意是 to do 还是 do】 d better + do 最好做某事 have/let/make sb. do 让某人做某 事 would rather + do 宁愿做某事 want + to do; come + to do; would like + to do used to +do (过去常常,曾经的习惯,已结束) be(was/were/is/are) used to + doing(习惯做某事,表示习惯的持续)2、以下这些词要加 doing 形式做宾语的(1)动词类 avoid, enjoy, understan
14、d, risk, appreciate, image, look forward to, spend on, insist on 这些动词或动词词组后+doing(2)介词 + doing3、see sb do 变被动后 sb is seen to do 类型【 考点在于感官动词做宾补,主动不要 to,被动的 to 要还原。】六、【介词】(一)考点规律分析及解题套路:1、及物动词后不能加介词,常错点 enter into;return back;reach at(这几个介词看见请通通划掉)-_2、介词+ 动词-ing 形式3、特殊结构介词(1)It is + 物称 adj + for + sb
15、 to do物称 adj修饰事物的 adjeasy, hard, difficult, important, safe, impossible, necessary(2)It is + 人称 adj + of +sb to do人称 adj修饰人的 adjkind, good, nice, polite, clever, brave, wise, right, wrong, strong, foolish, stupid, honest(二)超高频考点beside-besidesv+ with/about/ toamong-betweeninsist on; catch sight of; s
16、pend (in) +v-ingbecause +句子 because of+短语【第三部分】多词缺词考点 1、丢冠词:单数可数名词,必须有冠词2、丢介词:“ 不及物动词 ”后接宾语时,漏加必要的介词。3、丢 to :want to do ; come to do4、丢 be :(1)漏掉 be done 被动结构中的 be(2)漏掉 will be 系表结构中的 be5、漏掉常用结构中的介词:a lot of , because of , insist on例如:-_ The World Health Organization is working improve health all ov
17、er the world. 改为 to improve When I have free time, I go a long walk.改为 go for a walk Charles said,” As soon I see a really tall building, I want to climb it.”改为as soon as I had always wanted return to the village after moving away.改为 want to There is public library in every town in Britain.改为 a public library And let you know when the book you want has returned.改为 been returned