1、2011 中考英语必背 100 条重点短语来源： 1. down: put down 放下 shut down 把关上 cut down 砍掉 come down 下来、落下 slow down 减缓、放慢 sit down 坐下 write down 写下 get down 下来,降落2. after : after all 毕竟.终究 after that 于是.然后 day after day 日复一日地one after another 相继.挨次 soon after 不久以后 the day after tomorrow 后天 name after 根据 命名 run after
2、追赶3. up (with): come up with 找到、提出、赶上 catch/keep up with 赶上 wake up 弄醒、醒来 send up 发射 open up 开设、开办 grow up 长大 pick up 拾起、捡起 hands up/put up (raise)ones hands 举手 eat up 吃光 clean up 打扫干净 give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事4.到达：arrive at/in + n. (地方)=get to +n. (地方 )=reach + n. (地方)=arrive / get +a
3、dv. (地方)5. back: getback 退还,送回去.取回 give back 归还 come back 回来 at the back of 在的后面 on the way (back)home 在回家路上6. at: at least 至少 at breakfast 早餐时 at once 立刻,马上 at school 在上学 at the doctors 在医务室 at work 在工作 at night 在晚上 at noon 中午 be good at=do well in 善长 be bad at 不善长 laugh at 嘲笑 notat all 一点也不 at the
4、 age of 在 岁时 at first 起初 at last=in the end=finally 最后、终于 at the beginning of (the 21st century)在 21 世纪初 at the end of 在终点、结尾 at Christmas 在圣诞节 at the foot of 在脚下 at the moment= now 现在 at any moment 任何时候 at times(sometimes)有时,偶尔 at the same time 同时7. for: for example 例如 for ever 永远 be good for 对有益 b
5、e bad for对有害 for long=for a long time 长期 for short 简称 be short for 是的简称(be short of 缺少)8. come : come true 实现 come down 下来 come from=be from 来自,出生于come in/into 进入 ,进来 come on 赶快,加油 come over 过来 come along 走吧,过来,快点 come up 上来 come out 出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来9. even ：even though=even if 即使、虽然、尽管10. be with/
6、of : be pleased with 对感到满意 be covered with 被覆盖be expected to do sth.被期望做某事 be proud of 以 自豪 be afraid of 害怕 speak highly of 称赞 hear of 听说 / (hear from sb.收到某人的来信)of cause=certainly 当然可以 plenty of= a lot of 许多(后面接可数或不可数名词 )11.by : by the way 顺便说 (all) by oneself/on ones own/alone 单独,独自 by the end of
7、到为至 one by one 依次 by the time=when(引起时间状语从句)到的时候 by air/plane 乘飞机 by bus/train/car 乘公共汽车/ 火车/轿车( 相关：catch a bus赶公交车 get on/off the bus 上/下车 take a bus to=go to by bus 乘车去)by mistake 错误地 by chance /by accident 偶然12.do : do/try ones best to do sth 尽力做do ones homework 做家庭作业 do (the/some) shopping 购物 do
8、 the cooking 烹饪 do some cleaning 打扫 do the/some washing 洗衣服 do sports 做运动 do with sb / sth.处理(=deal with) well done 干得好13.early : in the early morning 一大早 in the early spring 初春 catch/miss the early bus 赶上/错过早班车 in my early days 我幼年时期14. to: make a contribution to doing sth 贡献给、捐献 make a telephone c
9、all to sb.=ring sb. up=give sb. a call=phone sb.给某人打电话 connect A to B 把 A 与 B连接起来 be close to 靠近 (某地) give birth to 生(孩子) lose to sb 输给 sb .15.either : eitheror或者或者.on either side of the street 街道任何一边(on each side of the street 街道每一边 on both sides of the street 街道两边)16. doing sth.: keep doing sth.不停
10、地做某事 (不间断的连续) keep on doing sth.坚持做某事(有间断的连续) practise doing sth.练习做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事) avoid doing sth 避免做某事 have some trouble/difficulty /problems (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦 suggest doing sth 建议做做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事17.go : go on to do sth.接着做某事
11、( 另一事)go straight along 沿着一直往前走 go up/down 上升/下降 go for a walk/ride 去散步/ 骑车 go over 复习 go shopping 买东西 go to the cinema 去看电影 go well 进展顺利 go off to=leave for动身(出发 )前往 go to work 去上班 want a go 想试一试18. about: talk about 谈论 worry about 担心 How / What about? 怎么样? think about 考虑 (相关：think of 认为、想起、考虑、想到 t
12、hink over 仔细考虑 think out 想出)19. from: from door to door 挨家挨户 from time to time 时时 from now on 从今以后 from then on 从那以后 be different from 与不同 learnfrom向学习 borrowfrom 从借(相关：lendto把借给)20.get : get dressed 穿衣 get into 进入 get/be lost 丢失 get off/on 下/上车 get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of 从出来 get warm 变暧
13、 get ready for +n.为 做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事 get well 康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会 get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡(相关：be asleep 睡着)21. look : look for 寻找 wait for 等候 look after=take care of 照看 look like看起来像 look the same 看起来一样 look over 检查,复习 look through 温习,检查look out 小心,从里向外看 look up 向上看,查( 单词、电话号
14、码等)look around 环视 look forward to doing sth 期望22. off: set off 出发、动身 put off 推迟 turn off 关 take off 脱(衣),(飞机)起飞 jump off 跳离 keep off 避开、不靠近 drop off 放下(某物)23. half : half a kilo 半千克 half an hour 半小时 in half 分成两半 one and a half hours=our hour and a half 一小时半 a year and a half(one and a half years)一年半
15、24. exercise：do eye/morning exercises 做眼保健/早操 take (more) exercise(多) 参加体育锻炼 an exercise book 练习本25. in: take part in 参加 hand/turn in 上交 in hospital 住院 in surprise 吃惊地in the sun 在阳光下 (under the sun 天下，世界上;到底，究竟 ) in trouble 处于困境in a minute/moment 马上26. on: feed on 以为主食 live on 继续活着 base on 以为根据 carr
16、y on坚持、继续下去 and so on 等等 on the other hand 另一方面 on foot 步行28.be 介词：be famous for 以.著名 be born 出生 be excited about +n./V-ing对感到兴奋 be interested in 对感兴趣 be amazed at 对.感到惊讶 be busy with sth.=be busy doing sth.忙于29.move : move away 移开 move to(搬)移到30.上网：search the Internet 上网31.make : make sure 确信 make
17、a dialogue 编对话 make a mistake 犯错误(by mistake 由于疏忽)make a noise 吵闹 make faces 做鬼脸 make friends (with)和.交朋友 make room for 给.让地方 make tea 沏茶 make money 赚钱 make a decision 作出决定32.used : used to do sth 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事be used for doing sth.用作 be used to do sth 被用作be used as 被当做使用33. 丢三
18、落四：leave sth+介词短语(in some place) 把落在某处(此句型不能用 forget)34. to do sth.: forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事,decide to do sth.决定做某事 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事35.hear : hear sb. to do sth.=hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人(正在)做某事36. with sth.: help sb.(to)do sth.=help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 with
19、 ones help 在某人的帮助下 with pleasure 非常乐意37. 值得：be worth + money 值钱 be worth + doing sth. 值得做38. into: step into 走进 pour into 倒入39. first: for the first time 第一次 at first 起初 a first language 母语 first of all首先40. message: leave a message for sb.给某人留条 give/take sb. a message 给某人捎口信41. take : take photos/p
20、ictures 照像 take away 拿走 take out 取出(work out算出) take care 当心 take medicine 服药 take place 发生 take ones temperature 量体温 take ones time 别着急 take a walk 散步42. learn ：learn by oneself=teach oneself 自学 learn by heart 背熟43. 国家：more developed countries 发达国家 less developed countries 不发达国家 developing countrie
21、s 发展中国家44. have : have a try 尝试,努力(try out 尝试、试验 )find out/about 找出,查明 have no idea 不知道 have a good/wonderful/great time 玩得开心 have a (bad)cold(重)感冒 have a meeting/walk/watch 开会/散步/比赛 have sports 进行体育活动 have nothing/sth. to do with 与. 无(有)关 have/take ones medicine 服药45. 提供：offer sb sth.给某人提供某物 provid
22、e sb with sth/provide sth for sb提供给某人某物46. 获奖：win first prize 获一等奖47. 全世界：all over the world= around the world= throughout the world48. 各种各样的：all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的 a kind of 一种 kind of 有点49. 既不也不：neither nor50. 表示 “并列”：not only but also ,不但而且both and 和都 either or 或者或者whether or
23、 不论还是51. 越越：the more , the better 越多越好 the taller, the better 越高越好52. 一生：all one s life53. as as : as soon as 一就 as if 好像 as soon as possible 尽可能早地、尽快 as well = too 也 regard as 把当作as much as 至多，和一样多 as little as 至少 as along as 只要 as faras 就来说，至于 as well as 和，还，和一样好54. 无论：no matter where=wherever no
24、matter how=however no matter what=whatever no matter who=whoever55. 从那以后，此后一直：ever since since then (完成时的标志)56. so : so far 到目前为止 (完成时的标志) or so 大约57. 表示“又，再”： another two hours=two more hours 又(再) 2 个小时 a fifth apple58. 一周三次：three times a week59. number ：the number of的数量 a (large/good/great) number
25、 of =large numbers of =many 许多，大量的60. less : less than 少于 less and less 越来越少 more or less 或多或少62. 直到才：notuntil63. like : be like/look like 看起来像 feel like +n./V-ing 想要 like best 最喜欢 would like to do sth 想做64.制造：be made of 由制造 be made from 由制成 be made in+地点、某地制造 be made by+人 由谁制造的65. away: wash away 冲
26、走 run away 逃跑 take away 带走 put away 把收好66. long: before long 不久 long before=long ago 很久以前 for long =for a long time 长期 no longer = not any longer 不再(no more = not any more)67. more : more or less = about 或多或少,大约 more than = over 多于,超过68. every : every year 每年 every four years 每隔四年 every other day 每隔
27、一天 everyday English/life 日常英语 /生活69. next : next to 紧挨着 next door 隔壁,邻居 next year 明年 next time 下次70. 收到来信： receive/get/have a letter from sb.= hear from sb. 收到某人的来信71. 展览：on show = on display72. 充满：be filled with = be full of73. 由于：thanks to = because of74. day: some day =one day(将来)某一天 all day 终日 d
28、ay and night 日日夜夜 in a day or two 一两天内 (one or two days/a day or twoo 一两天)in the old days 从前 ,旧社会 from day to day (day after day)日复一日 he day before yesterday前天 the day after tomorrow 后天 Tree Planting备考策略一、听力今年中考听力题对考生要求高了，难度也加深了，同学们要充分运用手里发的听力资料，反复听，听的过程中做做速记。捕捉的信息准确，才能答题正确。二、单项选择属于考查各项基础知识的传统题型，此题内
29、容涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面。此题灵活，覆盖面广，但多数题目源于课本或化于课本。答题时要注意：1.题目有语境，吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，并从词法、语法、惯用法、词的搭配等多方面考虑。2.对话构成题干，更生活化，更灵活，要根据实际情况来断定答案。3.注意综合性的知识，切记“语不离句，句不离文，语法不离语境” 。用排除法选出答案。三、句子翻译它要求考生有较精准的语言素养，考查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的类型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。课文中出现的动词、固定搭配词组，要特别注意，因为这些内容掌握的好坏，是考生能否正确遣词造句的关键，每学
30、到一个动词、固定搭配词组，都要联系简单句的 5 个基本句型考虑组成句子。四、完型填空1.要通读全文，掌握大意，这是非常必要的。2.上下要连续，前后要贯通，连词的使用为各行各句之间提供了紧密的因果、转折、并列或者条件的内在逻辑关系，通过发现和识别连词，可以从宏观的角度把握文章的大意，构建全文的内在逻辑结构，领会作者的思路，完形填空通过保留一定数理的词语，使答题的人获得必要的信息和知识。3.要仔细推敲，复校全文。4.要有比较扎实的语言基本功底，有比较严密的逻辑思维。接近中考了，要进行强化训练，每天至少要做两至三篇的强化训练，要自己计时。五、补全对话补全对话是考查学生交际应用英语的能力。平时练习中要
31、注意以下几点：1.避开族语。答题时，语言要得体，表达要地道。2.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的句型、词组背熟，比如，问路、看病、邀请等常规用语。3.语言实践与思维训练相结合。语言是思维的体现，只有语言能以最快的速度表现思维的时候，人们才能流利地、有效地进行表达。答题时，依据语言环境补全对话。六、阅读理解阅读理解是中考试题中分值最高的题，在原来的“选择填空”的基础上，增加了“根据短文内容回答问题”这一新题型，进一步考查了考生的理解水平。考生知识积累的多寡，直接影响得分。1.要有阅读积累，每天阅读 2 3 个小短文，每个小短文大概用四五分钟。2.阅读的范围要广泛。3.阅读要提速。4.重视整体理解能力
32、。遇生词不要查字典，通过上下文来理解。5.答题时要抓住关键词语。七、句意填词1.通读全句，联系上下文，确定选词。2.要掌握初中英语教材 1-3 册的“四会”的单词拼写。八、改写句子1.弄清题意，明确题目考查点，了解题目所给句子与答句之间的关系。2.注意从各方面考虑问题，突破难点，注意复查。3.掌握教材中的基本句型和同一句子英语的不同结构表达技巧。九、作文1.认真审题：弄清楚该题目究竟要表达什么，吃透要求，选好人称、有提示词，不要漏掉提示词语。2.语言地道：尽量使用你初中读本中学过的句子、常用的短语、习惯用法。表达要正确。3.不要跑题：理解脉络，抓住重点。4.仔细检查：注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致，单词是否有单复数的错误，拼写的错误，字数是否达到要求等。
