1、Gate School 定语从句练习 Name: 一、 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一 名词 或 代词 的从句叫做定语从句； 被定语从句 所修饰的词叫做 先行词 。如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 引导定语从句的词：关系代词 that, which, who(宾格 who, 所有格 whose) 关系副词 where, when、why关系词的作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分单 词 作 定 语 时 通 常 放 在 它 所 修
2、 饰 的 词 之 前 ， 作 前 置 定 语 。 短 语 和 从 句 作 定 语 时 则 放 在 所 修 饰 的 词 之 后 ， 作 后 置 定 语 。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词 w
3、hom 在口语和非正式语体中常用 who 代替，可省略。(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that 指人时，相当于 who 或者 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾
4、语，做宾语时可省略。(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语 )5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替The classroom whos
5、e door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注：that 用法(1)不 用 that 的 情 况 (a) 在 引 导 非 限 定 性 定 语 从 句 时 。 (错 )The tree, that is four hundred years old
6、, Is very famous here. (b) 介 词 后 不 能 用 。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. (2) 只 能 用 that 作 为 定 语 从 句 的 关 系 代 词 的 情 况 (a) 在 there be 句 型 中 ， 只 用 that， 不 用 which。 (b) 在 不 定 代 词 ， 如 ： anything, nothing, the one, all 等 作 先 行 词 时 ， 只
7、 用 that， 不 用 which。 (c) 先 行 词 有 the only, the very, the same, the last, just 修 饰 时 ， 只 用 that。 (d) 先 行 词 为 序 数 词 、 数 词 、 形 容 词 最 高 级 时 ， 只 用 that,不 能 用 which。 . (e) 先 行 词 既 有 人 ， 又 有 物 时 。 (f) 先 行 词 指 物 ， 在 主 句 中 作 表 语 时 (g) 为 了 避 免 重 复 (h)先 行 词 是 the way 或 the reason 时 ， that 可 作 关 系 副 词 ， 也 可 省 略
8、(i) 主 句 的 主 语 是 疑 问 词 who /which 时 e.g. Is this the book that you borrowed in the library? 这 是 你 在 图 书 馆 借 的 那 本 书 吗 ？ Who that break the window should be punished 谁 打 碎 了 窗 户 都 要 受 到 惩 罚 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所 需 的 只 是 供 油 问 题 。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stol
9、en to the police. 那 贼 最 终 把 偷 的 全 部 东 西 交 给 了 警 察 。 三、关系副词引导定语从句关 系 副 词 关 系 副 词 ： 在 句 中 作 状 语 关 系 副 词 =介 词 +关 系 代 词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where 指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house
10、 where I lived ten y ears ago has been pulled down. 2. when 引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.注 表示时间“time“ 一词的定语从句只用 when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词. By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for
11、 two weeks. 你到达伦敦时，我们在那里已待了两个星期。 I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。 Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。 3. why 指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I dont know th
12、e reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. 注：1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。 2）that 前不能有介词。 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“
13、介词+关系词“ 结构可以同关系副词 when ,where 和 why 互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. =This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? =Do you remember the day when you joined our club? This is the reason why he came late. =This is the reason
14、for which he came late. 定语从句练习题一、请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3. You couldnt understand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didnt like. 6. Can you t
15、hink of any problems you have had recently?8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13. Standing
16、 very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling. 二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1. This is the man _ wants to see you. 2. The student _ answered the que
17、stion is Zhang Hua.3. The man _ you went to see has come. 4. The man _I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher. 6. The runner _ you are asking about is over there.7. The person _you should write to is Mr. Ball. 8. The man _was passing by saw what happened.9.
18、 Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday. 10. These books _ you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook _ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten. 12. A clock is a machine _ tells people the time.13. This is shirt _I bought yesterday. 14. A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning
19、 to the word.15. The book _ is on the table is mine. 16. The film _ they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited. 18. Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing?19. Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer. 20. The boy_ father
20、is a teacher is good at English.三、单项选择( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing.A. who B. which C. whom D. whose( ) 2. Whats the name of the program_.A. which are listening B. you are listening to C. to that you are listening D. that you are listening( ) 3. The students were
21、 all interested _ you told them yesterday.A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything( ) 4. He was the only person in his office_ was invited.A. whom B. whose C. that D. which( ) 5. This is the museum_ we visited last year.A. where B. in which C. which D. in that( ) 6. Charlie told his
22、mother all_ had happened.A. that B. what C. which D. who( ) 7. Do you know the student_?A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk C. I often talk with D. that I often talk( ) 8. I like the house_ windows face south.A. whose B. whos C. its D. its( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionar
23、y _?A. what I need B.I need C. which I need it D. that I need it( )10. The young woman_ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A. who B. to whom C. whom D. that练习答案：一、注：（划了线的是定语从句） 方框里的词是先行词 1. Check the ways you study for an English test. （2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English gramma
24、r. 3. You couldnt understand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didnt like. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently?8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in sch
25、ool. 10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All I ever w
26、anted to do was traveling. 二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose 1. This is the man _that who _ wants to see you.2. The student _ that who _ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3. The man _ that who _ you went to see has come.4. The man _ that who _whom_I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The wom
27、an _ that who whom_ you saw is our geography teacher. 6. The runner _ that who whom_ you are asking about is over there.7. The person _ that who whom_ you should write to is Mr. Ball.8. The man _ that who _was passing by saw what happened.9. Here is the pen _that which_ you lost the day before yeste
28、rday.10. These books _that which_ you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook _ that which_ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12. A clock is a machine _ that which_ tells people the time.13. This is shirt _ that which_I bought yesterday.14. A dictionary is a book _ that which_ gives the
29、 meaning to the word.15. The book _ that which_ is on the table is mine.16. The film _ that which_ they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places _that_ I have ever visited.18. Is there anyone _whose_ family is in Beijing?19. Show me the boy _whose_ mother is a well-known singer.20. The boy_whose_ father is a teacher is good at English.三选择1-5 ADACC 6-10 ACABB
