1、初中英语全部时态1初中英语全部时态一 般 现 在 时A:一般现在时通常表示目前阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态。结构:1）be 动词的第一人称单数为，第三人称单数为，其他人称为。有一顺口溜体现了它的用法： 我用 am ，你用 are ，is 用于他，她，它, 单数 is，复数 are.肯定式:主语+ am /is/are +其他否定式:主语+ am/is/are +not + 其他疑问式:Am /Is /Are + 主语+ 其他?简略回答: (肯) Yes,主语 + am/ is /are(否) No,主语 + am /is/are not 缩写形式: Im = I am Thats =That
2、 is Were =We are Whats= What isYoure = You are Whos = Who is Theyre =They are Wheres =Where isHes =He is Shes =She is Its = It is isnt=is not arent=are not2）行为动词（实义动词）除主语是第三人称单数外，都用动词原形，主语是第三人称单数时，在动词 词尾加-s 或-es 。“动词第三人称单数”的加法 即 “如何从动词原形变为第三人称初中英语全部时态2单数”1、一般情况加 s. 2、以 o, s, x, ch, sh 结尾加 es. 3、以“辅音
3、字母+y”结尾 改 y 为 i +es写出下列动词的第三人称单数：study play go come help teach lie listen begin open sit throw washguess cut run relax beat eat 肯定式:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数否定式:主语+助动词 dont/doesnt +动词原形+其他疑问式:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: dont = do not doesnt =does not注意：have 的第三人称单数为 h
4、as 用法：1.表示事实,现状,性质或经常的,习惯的动作,常与 often, usually, always, sometimes, today,every day,once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays 等时间状语连用, eg. He has a brother.2.表示普遍真理. eg. The earth goes round the sun. 3.表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作 .初中英语全部时态3eg. Here comes the train.4.在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时 .eg.Ill go with you if y
5、ou are free tomorrow.一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，一般过去时通常由动词的过去式表示。结构：1.动词的第一、三有称单数用,其他人称用,其肯定式,否定式,疑问式和简略回答形式与一般现在时相似。2.行为动词的过去式分为规则和不规则两种, 规则动词的过去式是在动词后加或,不规则动词参照不规则动词表,需要专门记忆。肯定式:主语+动词的过去式 + 其他 eg. I got up at six this morning. 否定式:主语 + did not + 动词原形 + 其他 eg. John didnt live here last year.疑问式:Did
6、+ 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 eg. Did you see him a moment ago?简略回答.(肯)Yes, 主语 +did (否)No , 主语 + didnt.用法 ：1.主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态.eg. My father was at work yesterday. 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与 often,always 等表示频度的时间状语连用.初中英语全部时态4eg. He always went to work by bus last summer.3.和 when 等连词引导的状语从句连用.eg. When she reached home
7、, she had a short rest. 4.常与表示过去的时间状语, 如 ago, yesterday, last week, in the old days, when I was five years old, in 1995 等连用.eg.They began the work two months ago. Were you born in 1981? Yes, I was.不规则中寻“规则“英语中很多动词的过去式是不规则的，有些同学死记硬背，却效果不佳。我们不妨共同寻找一些不规则动词中的“规则” ，这样记忆起来就会事半功倍了。I 过去式与动词原形同形。例如：letlet, p
8、utput, hithit, readreadred等。II动词原形以 owaw 结尾，过去式常变为 ew。例如：knowknew, growgrew, throwthrew, drawdrew 等。但是也有一些例外，例如：showshowed。III许多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母 i 改为 a，就可变为过去式。例如：beginbegan, givegave, singsang, swimswam, sitsat, drinkdrank, ringrang 等但是 winwon 例外。IV有些动词的过去式以 o(a)ught 结尾。例如：初中英语全部时态5bringbrought, buy
9、bought, thinkthought, catchcaught, teachtaught 等。注意上述动词过去式究竟是以 ought:t还是 aught:t结尾，只要记住“有 a 则 a，无 a 则 o”即可。 即:原形中有 a 的， 过去式变为 aught，否则为 ought。V 以 eep 结尾的动词，常将 eep 改为 ept 构成过去式。例如：keepkept, sleepslept, sweepswept 等。一 般 将 来 时一般将来时棗表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态 结构：助动词 shall/will be (is ,am ,are ) going to + 动词原形（当主语
10、第一人称时，一般用 shall，当主语为第三人称时，用will，但主语为第一人称时，也用 will）肯定式:主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他否定式:主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他.疑问式:Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+shall/will . (否)No,主语+shall/will+not 缩写形式: ll =shall/will shant= shall not wont = will not 用法:1.表示将要发生的动 作或情况,常用时间状语有: later (on), 初中英语全部时态6soon, in a mont
11、h, next time, from now on, tomorrow 等.eg. I shall be eighteen years old next year.Maybe Chinas population _ (pass) 1,300,000,000 by the year 2005. 2.表示某种必然的趋势eg. Fish will die without water.解析：1.在以第一人称为主语的问句中,常用 shall 表示提议和询问情况,在以第二人称作主语的问句中,用 will 表示请求.eg. Where shall we have the meeting?Will you p
12、lease lend me your pen?2.当主语是第一人称时,用 will 表示意愿.决心.允诺.命令等.eg. I will give you an English-Chinese dictionary for your birthday. 3.在时间或条件状语从句中,一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时.eg. Tom will write to me when he gets there. 4.be going to +动词原形也可表示将来时.(1).表示主观意愿.打算等.eg. Hes going to learn English next term.(2).根据已有迹象,可能要发生
13、的情况eg. Look at the black clouds! -It is going to rain. 初中英语全部时态7现 在 进 行 时现在进行时棗表示目前或目前阶段正在进行的动作。( 表示“正在（在）干”)结构：is/am/are + 动词的-ing 形式 ( 动词的现在分词 )用法：1.表示目前发生(进行)的动作(不指状态),常用时间状语有:now, at the moment 等,并常出现在祈使句的句子中,与 look, listen连用.eg. Are you writing a letter to your father at the moment?Listen! She
14、is singing in the next room.2.表示目前阶段正在进行,而此刻不一定在进行的动作.初中英语全部时态8eg. They are planting trees these days. 3.表示按计划或安排即将进行的动作,表示这种动作的动词有:come, go, leave, arrive, start, see 等,并常与表示将来时间的状语连用.eg. They are leaving for Australia tomorrow afternoon.注意: 某些表示感觉或状态的动词 ,如 love, like, prefer, hate, see, know 等一般不用
15、现在进行时.eg. Lucy prefers art to science.练习题：（选择填空）一. 般现在时.初中英语全部时态9（ ）1.My English teacher about thirty years old, but he younger than he really is.A. is, look B .is, looks C. am, look（ ）2.Jim very hard, but he till a little weak in Chinese. A. studies, is B. study, is C. doesnt study, is（ ）3.We all k
16、now that the sun round the earth.A. goes B. dont go C. doesnt go （ ）4.There twelve months in a year and January first.A. is, comes B. are, come C. are, comes（ ）5.Who the kite best of all, Jim. Lucy or Lily?A .flies B. fly C .are flying（ ）6. the Great Wall one of the places of great interests in Chin
17、a? 初中英语全部时态10A.Was B. Do C. Is（ ）7. you usually to school with classmates?A. Do, comes B. does, come C. Do, come（ ）8. she home at six oclock every mornig?A. Do, comes B. Does. Come C. Do, come（ ）9. My mother like watcing TV,so she to bed very early every evening.A doesnt ,go B. dont go C. doesnt goes（ ）10.Mr Green usually newspapers after supper every day.A. read B. reading C. reads二. 一般过去式.（ ）1.The two in the same class last year.A. are B. was C. were（ ）2.-Where you ?
