1、20152011 年各省市高考题Passage 1 (2015新课标全国 )阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours 2 ，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.Id
2、 skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead，Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，its only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery o
3、f the betterknown city.Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong
4、 Kong，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【语篇导读】 桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。1.解析 考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。答案 arrived2.解析 考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知 before/earlier 符合句意。答案 before/earlier3.解析 考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词 s
5、mog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。答案 its4.解析 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的 mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为 that/ which。答案 that/ which5.解析 考查名词的复数。“so many复数名词” 为一常用短语。答案 paintings6.解析 考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by交通工具名词”为一固定短语。答案 by7.解析 考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，
6、因此答案为 is。答案 is8.解析 考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study 与 conduct 之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by 是解题的关键词，conducted by.意为“由所做的”。答案 conducted9.解析 考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词 arrange，故要用其副词形式。答案 regularly10.解析 考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于 live 与其所修饰的名词people 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。答案 livingPassage 2 (2015新课标全国 )阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个
7、单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)elec
8、tric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day： 7 the same time，they warm up a
9、gain for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cyc
10、le work on most days.【语篇导读】 相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。1.解析 考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语 dwellings 与动词 build 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由 by 一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。答案 built2.解析 考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。答案 the3.解析 考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词 their 之后应当用名词，故将 able 转化为其名词形式。答案 ability4.解析 考查介词
11、的用法。介词 without 之后的动词要用动名词形式。答案 using5.解析 考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词 give out，因此要用副词形式。答案 slowly6.解析 考查固定句式的用法。“形容词enough动词不定式”为一常用句式。答案 to cool7.解析 考查固定短语的用法。at the same time 意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。答案 at8.解析 考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。答案 goes9.解析 考查形容词的用法。修饰名词 archi
12、tects，故要用形容词形式。答案 natural10.解析 考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词 thick 及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为 how。答案 howPassage 3 (2015福建)阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示， 2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When this (1)h ， the important thing is to try not
13、 to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here (2) my tips for you.The (3)f thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isnt doing her share of the housework.If you say, “L
14、ook, you never do your share of the housework.(5) are you going to do about it？”， the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.Its much more (6) (有帮助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)b have another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with
15、it.”My second piece of (8)a is simple.If youre the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9) (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if you do that.答案 1.happens 2.are 3.first 4.with 5.Wh
16、at 6.helpful/beneficial 7.better 8.advice 9.apology 10.inPassage 4 (2015湖南)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Research has become both simpler and more complex. Its simpler because, 1 you have a computer, you can find informat
17、ion you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you dont have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of
18、sources. That is, you 4 always rely just on the Internet for your research.While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. You need to learn 7 to
19、 sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it.【语篇导读】 随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。一方面，我们不必像以往一样在书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便；另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。1.解析 考查状语从句。根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。答案 if2.解析 考查冠词。go to the library 去图书馆；in
20、 the library 在图书馆。答案 the3.解析 考查连词。and 连接并列谓语 find 和 print。答案 and4.解析 考查情态动词。根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。答案 shouldnt5.解析 考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句 more complex。答案 more6.解析 考查介词。be overwhelmed with 面临，陷入。答案 with7.解析 考查疑问词。根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。how to do 是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。答案 how8.解析 考查代词。参见上文 You need to learn
21、how to sort throug.答案 youPassage 5 (2014新课标全国 )阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It 1 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so poll
22、uted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days 4 even a few months.It took years of work 5 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work
23、paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，dont you want a qu
24、ick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10 (patience).1.解析 文章讲的是 1969 年的事情，故用过去时。答案 was2.解析 修饰动词 caught，用副词 actuall
25、y“实际上”。答案 actually3.解析 most outstanding 是最高级，前面需要加 the。答案 the4.解析 河流不是几天或者几个月里就改变了的，这里两个时间是选择关系，故用 or。答案 or5.解析 这里考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth“做某事花费多长时间”。故应填不定式 to reduce。答案 to reduce6.解析 根据下文 than 知用形容词的比较级。答案 cleaner7.解析 habit 是先行词，故用 that/which 引导定语从句。答案 that/which8.解析 是“令人吃惊的”，用形容词修饰名词 st
26、ories，而 amazed 指“人感到吃惊的”，用来修饰人。答案 amazing9.解析 根据句子的谓语“are”可知主语应为复数。答案 changes10.解析 根据空格前系动词“be”可知这里应为形容词。答案 patientPassage 6 (2014广东) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was
27、 a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went，we had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months 2 (early)， but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We 3 (tell)that our rooms hadnt been res
28、erved for that week， 4 for the week after.I didnt understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation.Whats worse，the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do，the manager came out.She was 7 (surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake
29、 and gave us a spare VIP room on 8 top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we werent charged extra.The next day，my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little 10 (sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记
30、叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去 Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的 VIP 房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。1.解析 在 said 后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的 Miami 这个地方，应用 it。答案 it2.解析 在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。答案 earlier3.解析 由句意可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。答案 were told4.解析 根据上下句意，意为“
31、不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为 not.but.结构。答案 but5.解析 意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用 why 引导宾语从句。答案 why6.解析 charge.for. 是习惯搭配。答案 for7.解析 因本句已有作表语的形容词 helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“ 令人惊讶地，意外地 ”，故填 surprisingly。答案 surprisingly8.解析 特指“在顶楼”。答案 the9.解析 先行词是地点 the beach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填 where (on which and on the beach and
32、there) 。答案 where10.解析 在表示“变化”的 got 后作表语，要用形容词； sunburn 是名词，其形容词形式是 burnt 或 burned。答案 sunburnt/sunburnedPassage 7 (2014福建)阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示， 2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not，want not.”None of us，(1)h ，can completely avoid waste in ou
33、r lives.Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited natural (2) (资源) ，our money，or other peoples time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest good habits can make a big (3)d .Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b in a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing on (5) (节省)
