1、 1 / 4第 1 页 共 4 页初中英语非谓语动词总结（中考常考）一后面可跟动词的 ing 形式的情况。1.动词： *以下记住每一个词组的第一个动词。 finish doing sth.完成做某事；enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；practice doing sth. 练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；consider doing sth.考虑做某事；suggest doing sth.建议做某事；mind doing sth.介意做某事； keep doing sth.持续做某事 , miss doing 错过做
2、,advise doing 建议做；keep sb doing 让某人一直做2.固定短语： feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth.忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficult/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难；have fun doing.做某事高兴3. 介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by 等)：如：be good at do
3、ing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of；instead of ；be fond of；what/how about doing sth?做某事怎么样？4. to 作介词时，后跟动名词的情况：look forward to doing sth 期望做某事；prefer doing sth. to doing st
4、h 与相比较更喜欢； pay attention to doing 注意做某事； be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to doing 为做贡献5. No+动名词，表示禁令：No smoking 禁止吸烟 No parking 禁止停车6. go+动名词，意思是去进行某种活动或运动：go shopping,去购物；go skating,去滑冰； go hiking 去远足（旅行）7. do some/the+动名词，指进行某种活动：do some cleaning,搞卫生；do some washing 洗衣服；二后面可跟动词
5、的不定式形式的情况。1.动词：agree （sb）to do 同意去做；afford to do 买得起；decide to do 决定去做某事；hope to do 希望去做；wish （sb）to do 希望去做；fail to do 做某事失败去；plan to do 打算去做；pretend to do 假装去做； refuse to do 拒绝去做；would like to do 想要去做；want （sb ）to do 想要去做某事；2 / 4第 2 页 共 4 页learn to do 学做；prefer to do sth. 喜欢（爱）做某事；sb. seem to do s
6、th 好像做某事；want/would like to do sth. 想做；used to do sth. 过去常做某事2.句型： (1)动词：allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事（区分 allow doing sth）ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去（不要）做某事follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事get sb. to do sth. 让某人去做某事warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）e
7、ncourage sb to do 鼓励某人做 、expect sb to do 期待某人做invite sb to do 邀请某人做、teach sb to do 教会某人做advise sb to do 建议某人做 （区分下 advise/suggest doing sth）(2) Be+adj（情感类的形容词）+to do be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事be excited to do sth. 对做感到兴奋 be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事be glad / happy to
8、do sth. 高兴去做某事be / get ready to do sth.准备做某事be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇（3）动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面。如： 1、a chance to do sth 做某事的一个机会2、the way to do sth 做某事的办法3、the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间4、something to eat 一些吃的东西5、something to drink 一些喝的东西6、a lot of work to
9、 do 许多要做的工作如: get / have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会（4） Its+形容词（adj. ）+for(of) +sb +to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样 分析：形容词（adj.）修饰文中的事情既 to do sth 时，人前的介词用 for ； 但是如果形容词（adj.）修饰文中的人既 sb 时，人前面的介词用 of.如：Its hard for me to learn English well.（句子 hard 是修饰动词不定式 to learn english well，意为学好英语难，所以用的介词是 for sb.）Its
10、kind of you to help me.（句中 kind“善良的 ”修饰 you(人) 意为你善良，所以介词用 of sb.）（5）其它的常考情况：It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）Its best for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的Its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了cant wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事too(for sb.) to 太 以致不能 （和 not enough to do 意思相同） prefer to d
11、o sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿而不愿（常考注意：I prefer playing basketball to going fishing .和 I prefer to play basketball rather than go fishing.和 I would rather 3 / 4第 3 页 共 4 页play basketball than go fishing.这三句是同义句）sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易take turns to do sth. 轮流做There is no time (for
12、sb. ) to do sth. 对（某人来说）没时间做某事了There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事try/do ones best to do sth. 尽力去做某事三、后既能跟不定式也能跟动名词的情况。 1、后加不定式或动名词意思相近的动词。有些动词接动名词 V.+ing 和动词不定式 to do 意义相近。如：like(喜欢)，love(喜欢)，hate(憎恨)，prefer(宁可)，begin(开始)，start(开始)，continue(继续) 等词后加不定式或动名词区别不大：分析： like to do 表示想要做某一具体
13、的动作； like doing 表示一般或抽象的多次动作, 它们在实际使用中区别很小。 2、后加不定式或动名词区别较大的动词： remember to do(记住去做), remember doing(记得做过 ) ;forget to do(忘记去做), forget doing(忘记做过) ;try to do(设法做) , try doing(试着做) ;go on to do(接着做另一事) , go on doing(继续做同一事) ;stop to do(停下来去做) , stop doing(停止做); cant help to do(不能帮助做) , cant help doi
14、ng(情不自禁做) 。四、后跟不带 to 的不定式 （动词原形） 的情况。1在感官动词和使役动词后：feel， hear，listen to，watch，look at，see， notice ，make，let， have 等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号 to。注意：将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号 to 应加上。 在动词 help 后跟不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，既可带 to，也可不带 to。2.助动词或情态动词后：do, did, does, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must 等后面接不带 to 的动词不定式。3.某
15、些固定句型中：1）Will（Would ）you please（not）？请（不要）做某事好吗？2）had better 最好做某事3）Why not？为何不做某事 4) would rather(not).宁可(不)；宁愿(不)此句型也可以扩展成：would rather.than.=would.rather than.。5）在祈使语气(或口语)中。6）接省 to 的动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词有：（使役动词）1.】make sb do 使某人做 2.】let sb.do 让某人做4 / 4第 4 页 共 4 页3.】have sb do 使某人做 4.】help sb do to do 帮
16、助某人做五既可跟动词原形又可跟动词 ing 形式的情况。1. see,watch,hear 等动词，后面既可跟原形又可跟动名词形式，跟原形时表示做过或经常做，跟动名词时表示正在做：see/watch sb. do sth.看到某人做过(经常做）某事 see/watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事hear sb. do sth.听到某人做过（经常做）某事 hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事2. 有些动词具有不同的词义时，用法不同：如： need 需要，必须 (既可以做实义动词，也可做情态动词)sb need to do 某人（做主语）需要做某事sth need doing= sth need to be done 某事（做主语）需要被做如：The bike needs repairing.含被动之意，相当于 The bike needs to be repaired.You neednt(译：不必 )come。这里 need 为情态动词。3. 动词过去分词作后置定语，有被动之意。（1）一个叫的（人，地名），如：a boy called / named Jim. a place called Liaoning.a place called Dayushu.（2）某人写的书，如：a book written by Lu Xun
