1、1初一英语介词专练介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词 。介 词分为三种，一种是简单介词，如 at, in, on, beside, to , for 等；另一种是短语介词，即由两个以上的词组组 成的短语，如in front of, because of, out of, instead of 等；还有一种叫二重介词，如 until after, from behind 等。（一）介词的句法功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介 词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。1、作定语：The book on the table is mine
2、.2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）； 3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag.4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office.（二）主要介词区别1、表示时间的 at, in, on：at 表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 oclock ，常用词组有：at noon, at night, , in 表示一段的时间，如：in the morning, in the afternoon, on总是跟日子有关，on Monday, on Christmas 2、表示时间的 since 和 from：since 表
3、示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成 时连用。 from 表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现 在的关系。一般多与 现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.3、表示时间的 in 和 after：两者都表示“在（某个时间）之后，区别在于 in 表示“ 在（一段 时间）之后“，而 after则表示“在（某一具体 时间点之后） “，in 短语和将来时态连用，after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如：Well be back in th
4、ree days./ After seven the rain began to fall.注意：after 有时 也可以表示在一段 时间之后（常用在过去时里）。如：After two months he returned.4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to：in 表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to 指在某环境范 围之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia ison the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.5、表示“在上“的 on 和 in：on 只表示在
5、某物的表面上，而用 in 表示占去某物一部分。 如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interestin-g article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.6、表示“穿过“的 through 和 across：through 表示从内部通过，与 in 有关；across 则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与 on 有关。如：Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.7、
6、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corner 表示在角落里，in 指角的内面；on the corner表示“在角上“，on 指的不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之意；at the corner 指“ 在拐角处“，at 指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.8、in the end, at the end
7、 of, by the end of：in the end 作“最后“、“终于“解，可单独使用，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示“在末梢“ ，“到尽头“，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；by the end of 作 “在结束时“，“ 到末为止“解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end
8、 of this week./ by the end of last month he had finished the novel.9、表示“关于“的 about 和 on：两者都有“关于“的意思，不过前者为一般用词，而后者 为较正式的“ 论述“。如：He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.10、between, among：一般说来， between 表示两者之间，among 用于三者或三者以上的中间。如：You are to sit between your father and
9、me./ He is always happy among his classmates.注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果 强调的是两两相互间接关系，适用于 between。如：Agreements-were made between the different countries. 在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它 们视为分居两边时用between。如：The little valley lies between high mountains.。在 谈事物间的差别时，总是用 between。如：They dont know the difference-between whea
10、t, oats and barley.11、besides, except, but, except for：besides 指“除了还有，再加上“。如：All went out besides me.；except 指“ 除了，减去什么“，不能放在句首。如：All went out except me.；but 与except 意思近似，表示“ 除了外“经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.；except for 表示“如无
11、就，只是“表明理由细节。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.12、表示“用“的 in 和 with：表示工具的 “用“，用2with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的“用“，用 in。如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.13、i
12、n charge of 和 in the charge of：两者都表示“由谁负责、照顾、管理“ 。区别在于：in charge of 后接被照管的人或物，而 in the charge of 后面则跟照管的人。如：Who is in charge of the project?/ The project is in the charge of an engineer.。14、as, like：as 作“作为“ 、“以地位或身份“解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事实是父亲）；like 作“象 一样“ 解。如：Let me speak to you li
13、ke a father.（事实上不是父亲）。15、in front of 和in the front of：in front of = before，是“在前面“的意思（不在某物内）； in the front of 则是“在前部“的意思（在某物内）。如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard-./ The boy sat in the front of the car.。16、in, into：into 表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。如：We walked into the park.；in 通常表示位置。如：We walked in the p
14、ark；in 和drop, fall, put, throw, break 等终止性动词连用时，也可以表示动向。如：I have put the coin in (into)my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音机、农场、值日 on，关于、基础、靠、著 论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 特定时日和“一 就“ ，on 后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚，of 之前 on 代 in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑 on，cab，carriage 则用 in。 at 山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 工具、和、同随 with，具
15、有、独立、就、原因。 就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表 细分。 海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by，单数、人 类 know to man。 this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。 接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。 over、under正上下，above、below 则不然， 若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。 beyond 超出、无、不能，against 靠着， 对与反。 besides，except 分内外，among 之内 along 沿。 同类比较 except，加 for 异类记心间。 原状 because of,、 owing to、 d
16、ue to 表语形容词 under 后接修、建中，of、 from 物、化分。 before、after 表一点 , ago、later 表一段。 before 能接完成 时， ago 过去极有限。 since 以来 during 间，since 时态多变换。 与之相比 beside，除了 last but one。 复不定 for、找、价、原，对、 给、段、去、 为、作、赞。 快到、对 、向 towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 but for 否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。 ing 型由于 鉴，除了除外与包合。 之后、关于、在.方面，有关介词须记全。 in 内 to 外表位置，山、水
17、、国界 to 在前。练习（一）、介 词1. The teacher is writing _ a piece of chalk on the blackboard-while the students are writing _ink in exercise books. A. with, in B. in, with C. in, in D. with, with2. The worker can make chairs _ wood, and alsocan make paper _ wood.A. from, of B. of, from C. of. of D. from,from3.
18、 Mary dropped in _ Mr Smith, but he wasn t athome, so she went to drop in _ Mr Smiths office. A. on, on B. at, at C. on. at D. at. on4. The teacher is not only strict _ his pupils but also strict _ his own work.A. with, with B.in,in C. in, with D. with, in5. His grandfather died _ the wound that the
19、 enemy soldier had given him .and then his grand-mother died _ hungry and cold. A.from,of B.of,from C.from,from D.of.of6. If you run _ two hares you will catch neither. A.into B.after C.off D. out of7. This is a common mistake _ students. A. between B.over C. among D. about8. My father began to work
20、 _ a bus driver when he was twenty years old.A.for B.to C.at D.as9. _ hearing the news, I was wild _ joy.A. At, in B. On, with C. After, by D. /, over10.I don t think Xiao Li is _ the other students _ mathematics.A. after, on B. after, with C. behind, in D. behind, at11. Nobody knows it _ me. A. exc
21、ept for B. except that C. besides D. but12. The window is never opened _ in summer. 3A. but B. except C. except for D. but for13. It happened _ the Long March. A. during B.in C.at D.for14. We go to school _ a bike. A.in B.on C.by D.ove15. Its very kind_ you to repair the bike _ me.A.for.for B.of,of
22、C.of,for D.for,of16. Fresh air is good _ your health. A.at B.for C.of D.to17.The boy is waiting _ his sister and they will go to the hospital to wait _ their sick mother. A.for,on B.on,for C.for,for D.on.on18.The group is made up_five-students. And they are studying hard to make up_ the lost time.A.
23、of,of B.for,for C.of,for D.for,of19.The PLA man saved the boy _ death. A. of B.from C.to D.on20. He will come _ three days. A.before B.after C. in D. later21. He went to Beijing and returned _ three days.A. in B. before C. later D. after22. He will return_three oclock. A.after B.in C.on D.at23. He w
24、rote the article _ three days. A.at B.in C.on D.by24.I agree _ what you said. A.to B.on C.with D.at25. Do you agree_ this plan (arrangement)? A.at B.with C.on D.to26. Finally they agreed _ the terms of the contract. A.on B.to C.with D.at27. Do you often hear_ your brother? A. of B. from C. out of D.
25、 about28.1 heard _ the book long ago, but I have never read it. A. out B.from C.of D.with29. The plane flew _ the city. A. across B.past C. through D.over30. We walked _ the Tian An Men Square to theMuseum of Chinese History.A. across B. through C.by D.past31.I was wandering _ the streets when I cau
26、ght sight of a tailors shop.A. across B. through C.by D.past32. Our bus drove _ the Great Hall of the People.A. across B. through C. past D.over33. _ the sun, nothing would grow.A. For B.With C. Under D. Without34. The teacher is busy _ teaching.A.with B.for C.on D.of35. The teacher is busy _ correc
27、ting papers.A. for B.in C.on D.of36. We left Xi an _._ a very hot summer afternoon.A. on B.in C. during D.by37. She felt disappoint-ed when she found out they had gone swimming_-_ her.A. but B. except C. except for D. without38. His teacher was angry _ him _ his being late.A.at,with B.at,for C.with,
28、for D.with,about39. My father was disappointed _ the news.A. by B. about C. at D. on40. Mr Wang went to Nanjing _ October,1998 and came back home _ the morning of Nov. 5.A.at;in B.on;at C.in;on D.by;from41 .My uncle lives _ 105 Huanghe Street. His room is _ the fifth floor.A.at;on B.td;at C.on;in D.
29、of;to42. I dont think you can work out the maths problem_ the teachers help.A. since B. unless C. because D. without43. He is running _ the wind towards the east of the station _ Tom is running _ the right.A. down; and; on B. against; while; on C.for;with;in D. with; while; to44. In Hangzhou Mr Gree
30、n was so struck _ thebeauty of nature that he stayed _ another night.A.at;on B.with;at C.for;in D.by;for45. Many people are still _ the habit of writing silly things _ public places.A.at;at B.in;in C.into;of D.during;at46. - Do you go there _ bus? -No, we go there _ a train.A. in; on B.on;on C.by;in
31、 D.by; with47. I made the coat _ my own hands. It was made _ hand, not with a machine.A. in; in B.in; with C. with; by D. with; with48. The trees _ front of the house are _ thecharge of Old Li.4A. in; in B. at; in C. in; by D. from; in49. The old man died _ cold _ a cold night.A. from; at B.of;in C.
32、of;on D. for; during50. Does John know any other foreign languages _ French?A. except B. but C. besides D. beside51. He looked quite healthy _ he was _ the age of seventy.A. when; at B. because; in C. if; for D. though; at52. -How long has the bookshop been in business? -_1982.A. After B.In C.From D
33、.Since53. Did you have any trouble _ the post office?A. to have found B. with finding C. to find D. in finding54.To tell you the truth, I have nothing to do _ it.A.about B.with C.for D.of55. Something must be done to prevent our city _by thick smoke.A. to be polluted B. from polluting C. from being
34、polluted D. polluting56._ the students likes the paintings. Which is wrong?A. The teacher as well as B. Nobody but C. The teacher besides D. All except57. Henry,_ Mary and Tom, is coming to China for a visit. Which is wrong?A. together with B. like C. and not D. but in addition to58. Taiwan is _ the
35、 east of Fujian.A. in B.at C.to D.on59. His father will be back from London _ a few days.A.since B.in C.on D.after60. We offered him our congratula-tions _ his passing the college entrance exams.A.at B.on C.for D.of语法复习：介词(答案）15 ABCDA 610 BCDBC 1115 DBABC 1620 BACBC 2125 DABCD 2630 ABCDA 3135 BCDAB 3640 ADDCC 4145 ADBDB 4650 CCACC 5155 DDDBC 5660 DCCBB
