1、初中阶段介词用法总结1in 功能 含义 理解核心 典型例句1表示时间在某段时间朝代、古今、世纪、年代、年、季、月、星期、早、下午、晚上、过去、将来等不具体的、模糊的大于 1 天的时间段。（注意和 at 在这方面的区别：at 指的是短于 1 天的时间点）in Tang dynasty;in the 19th century; in 1980;in this year; in spring;in a week; in a month;in the morning在某个地方国家、地区、省、市、区、太空、天空等 (自然意义上的地方)in china; in huabei;in Beijing; in
2、the sky在某个场所车、教室、超市等 (注意和 at 在这方面的区别，at 一般用在：家、角、店、站、口等可能有和露天接触的地方) in the train; in the classroom;2表示位置甲处于乙中除实物里面外，注意“光、灯、影、树荫、雨、森林”，有全身置入某种环境之中的含义在内。We are in the classroom;They are sitting in the shade of a tree;They are studying in the brightlight.3表示将来在以后 用在一般将来时中，是从“现在时间点往后.” They will come ba
3、ck in 10 days4语言、单位 、材料/关于“材料“，注意和 with 在这个用法上的区别。 (with 偏向“工具”，in 偏向“材料”)I wrote a novel in Russian； The length is measured in meter, and centimetre； This board was cast in gold.5状态方面服饰/状态：既可以指人的状态，也可指物的状态； 方面：既可指具体，也可指抽象方面； 服饰：尤以颜色和状态常考He wasnt in good health,so talk in low voice. Our country in r
4、ich in natural resources; A good teacher must be an example in study He is in red shoes today初中介in all 总计;in general 一般来说；in time 及时；in advance 事前;in the meantime 与此同时;in place 适当地； in the hope of 怀着希望;in connection with 和有关;in contact with 初中阶段介词用法总结2on 功能 含义 理解核心 典型例句1 表示时间在某天或一天内的某个时间段在星期几、具体的某一天
5、 or 某日的早、中、晚 （时间前有定语修饰）On Sunday(Mon.Tue);on May 12th 1998;on the night of Oct.29th;on Wed.morning;on a cold night;on childrenday(核心提示：所有的节日都是用 on)（具体）在上面与物体表面相接触（注意与 aboveover的区别）There are a lot of books on the shelf; On the face; on the head;on the floorfootball fieldplaygroudroadroof On the farm
6、on the market(常考)（抽象）在上面收音机、电视、电话、网络、手机、问题、纸张 （所有有形的，无形的“新闻媒体上”都是用 on）On TV; on radio; surf on the internet;on the phone； You are wrong on all these issues2 表示位置在（边）上左、右、两边 On the left; on the right; on both sides; there is a hotel on the lake词短语和联系;in addition to 除以外;in case of 倘若，万一;in conflict wi
7、th 和冲突;in force 有效的，大批;in depth 彻底地;in regard to 关于;in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近;in retrospect 回顾，一想起;in behalf of 代表利益;in the long run 从长远说来;in ones opinion 在看来;in word 口头上;in a word 总之;in vain 无益地, 白白地;in case 如果，万一，以防;in detail 详细地;in haste 急急忙忙地;in conclusion 总之；in spite of 尽管;in other words 换句话
8、说;in return 作为回报;in the name of 以名义；be confident in 对有信心;be interested in 对感兴趣;in doubt 怀疑;in love 恋爱中;in debt 负债;in hesitation 犹豫不决;in wonder 在惊奇中;in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地);in a good mood (情绪)好; in danger, in debt(负债), in a hurry；in stock(有库存)；in peace(平安) (at peace 和平),阶段应掌握的In 的常见短语 动词短语believe
9、 in 信任; break in break in 闯入,插嘴,打断;bring in 引起；产生；带来; come in 进来；流行；call in 下令收回; take in 吸收、卷起；订阅，上当，受骗； turn in 上缴，归还；fill in 填充；get in 收获；succeed in 成功；check in 到达登记，cut in 插嘴,插入；count in 包括； draw in 时间接近； drop in 顺路拜访；give in 投降、屈服； go in for 参加；爱好，追求；hand in交上，上缴；pour in 源源而来。初中阶段介词用法总结33 表示状态
10、处于状态 人或者物的目前状态;On duty; on show; on fire; on strike; on sale;on business;on schedule; on time;on the country；on scale关于文章 or论著 （高中阶段掌握）On 指专门论述（注意和 about 相区别）I want a book on South Africa. He wrote an article on the importance of birth control4 表示关系靠 相当于 depend on 的含义The people in the south live on
11、rice; You cant afford the expensive ring on an income of 1000 yuan a month; on foot5 特定时间一就 （高中阶段掌握）相当于 as soon as+主语的含义 On entering the room, he found his friends dancing；介词短语On the spot 当场；立即；on the run 在逃跑中；On the air 在广播中；on fire 着火；on time 准时；on duty 值日；on strike 罢工； on sale 上市；on the country 相
12、反地；on schedule 按时间表，准时; on business 公事； on display 在展出；on the one hand 一方面；on the other hand 另一方面； on ones way to 在路上；on ones own=by oneself;on top of;and so on 等等；on purpose 故意，专门 特别注意：乘坐交通工具都用by,但 on foot 步行；on horse 骑马；on donkey 骑驴初中阶段应掌握 In 的常见短语 动词短语Bring on 引起，导致； call on 号召，拜访；decide on 决定;de
13、pend on 依靠，取决于；get on 上车；相处；进展; go on 继续; get on with 进展，相处； look on 旁观，观望；look onas 把看/当作;look down on 看不起，轻视；pass on 传递，传交；hand on 传递下去；put on 表演，上演；戴/穿上；假装；take on 呈现，具有；流行；承担，雇用；turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）；work on 继续工作, 钻研（学问或技术）; carry on 继续开展，坚持; hold on 继续；(电话)不挂断；抓牢，坚持;try on 试穿。at 功能 含义 理解核心 典型例句
14、初中阶段介词用法总结41 表示时间在时刻岁时In 是时间段，at 是时间点，相对更精确At noon;at night;at midnight;at dawn;at lunch;at breakfast;at supper;at dinner;at the moment;at the same time;at once;at the beginning of;at the end of;at the age of; at daybreak；at sunrise;at sunset; at 7 oclockat（on） the weekend 常考2 表示地点在位置或场所家、脚、角、店、站、口、
15、底、中心、核心at the foot of;at the corner of ; at the crossroads;at the gate of;at he bottom of; at the top of;at the center of; at a distance;at the edge of ;at home;at the barbars;at the airport;at the station; at 405 Victory Road 速度 以速度 The car ran at 120miles an hour; At full speed温度 在度 Water usually
16、boils at 100; at 10 degrees centigrade3 表示度价格 按价格 The pen was sold at a good price; at low cost4 表示方向 朝，向 表示动作的方向Aim at 向.瞄准；shout at 向.大喊；throw at 向.扔；smile at 向.微笑；rush at 向.冲去;fire at向.开火5 表示原因由于（高中阶段掌握一般用在系表结构中，对形容词的原因进行说明I was surprised at the news; He was discouraged at his failure6 表示能力 擅长于固定
17、考点：be good at;be bad at;an expert atHe is good at drawing(at 后接名词或动名词)初中阶段应掌握 at 的常见短语 介词短语at first 首先，开始时；at last;at most;at least 至少；at all events 无论如何；at home 在家，无拘束；at a loss 不知怎办；at any rate 不管怎样；at length 详细地；be at high tide 处于高潮期；at our invitation 应我们的邀请；at our request 应我们的请求；at the news 听到这消
18、息；at the risk of 冒危险；at a great expense 以巨大费用；at intervals of 每隔；at the sight of 一见到 at the point of 接近，靠近；at the thought of 一想到；at the speed of 以速度；at the cost (price) of 以为代价；at leisure 闲着、失业；at stake 在危险中、在成败关头；at bottom 实际上、本质上；at short notice 一得到通知;at seeing us 看到我们；at the present stage 在现阶初中阶段
19、介词用法总结5段；at the weekend 周末；at all times 永远；动词短语call at 访问（某地）；come at 袭击，攻击; get at 意指，本意是；理解；到达; knock at 敲打（门窗），敲击; look at 看; work at 从事, 致力于, 钻研; laugh at 嘲笑；glare at 怒目而视； glance at 匆匆一瞥；point at 指向about 含义 理解核心 典型例句1 关于、有关 This is a book about how to study english2 大约, 近于 表示时间或数量I will be with
20、 you in about 3minutes; There are about 30students in the classroom.3 到处，在周围，附近 相当于 here and there He walked about the street.4 What about?(习惯用语)About 为介词，所以后接动词 ing 形式 What about taking a break?动词短语go about 着手,四处走走;set about 着手，开始;worry about 为担心; come about 发生;care about 关心、在意; bring about 引起，带来,导
21、致;knock about 漫游；look about 四处看看，四处环顾；set about doing 着手做，开始；turn about 向后转；think about 考虑（是否去做）；argue about 争论; know about 了解;hear about 听说;ask about询问;chat about 闲聊;quarrel about 争吵;speaktalk about 谈论;complain about 报怨above 含义 理解核心 典型例句初中阶段介词用法总结61高于，在之上表示位置、地位、年龄、价格、量(重、数、度)、音调等The mountain is 20
22、00meters above the sea level（位置）; I know youre above me socially, but I must say you are rude man(职位) The old lady is above eighty（年龄）; There are above forty girl students in the class（数量）; Our private car weighs 1.8tons(重量)； Any money earned over that level is taxed(度量)2非能力所及，超出能力、行为、品质等 The maths
23、problem is above me; Honest above everything else; He is above doing such things(他不至于做出那样的事情来)介词短语Above all 首先，最重要的是，最要紧的是； He was above all a good and tireless writer; above all, we must be healthacross 含义 理解核心 典型例句1横过、穿过表示动作的方向 He swam across the river; The policeman helped the old man walk across
24、 the street.2在对面，在那一边表示位置上的对应关系，在隔着的对面 He lives across the street; Japan lies across the pacific ocean常见短语 Come across 偶遇；get across 横穿马路；能理解，被听懂；run across 偶遇，横跨；against 含义 理解核心 典型例句1 撞到、紧靠表示动作的方向，有靠、撞击的意思I have hit my head against a wall; She stood with her back against the tree; The rain beat aga
25、inst the windows初中阶段介词用法总结72反、逆、违背反对（赞成的反义） 逆方向; 违背（意愿等）Are you for or against the plan? There were 20 votes for her and 12 against her; He is swimming against this current. She did it against her own will3 以防 （大学阶段掌握此用法） They saved money against old age.4 表示陪衬 (高中阶段掌握此用法)The red flag is fluttering
26、against the blue sky; His red clothes stook out clearly against the snow.常见短语Go against 违反、违背、反对；stand against 反对，不支持；turn against（转而）反对，背叛；run against 违反，偶然遇到；fight against 与斗争； over against 正对着，在对面 （fe: he lived over against the school）among 含义 理解核心 典型例句表具体：三者或者三者以上之中 I found him among the crowd P
27、lease divide the cake among you four1在之中；在.中间表抽象 Most important among the countrys problems is the lack of health facilities.2 之一 相当于 one of 的功能 Einstein is among the greatest scientists备注-among 与 between 的区别：三者与两者之间的区别。但在下列情况，between 可用于三者：(1) 当两个以上的人或物用 and 连接时：between A, B and C 在 A、B、C 之间；(2) 涉及
28、事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系时：the difference between the three of them 他们三者之间的区别 the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系；(3) 表示“由于合作的结果”时：Between them they landed the fish. 他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。(4) 在 divide, share 等表示“分享”之类的动词之后，若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用 among between 均可：He divided his money among between his five son
29、s. 他把钱分给了 5 个儿子。初中阶段介词用法总结8as 含义 理解核心 典型例句1 作为，当作注意和 as for 的区别 (as for 为至于，关于)Dont treat me as a child; I speak now as a friend,not as a teacher. As for me, I dont mind going there by train;2当时候，在同时The play started as I got there; As I was a child,I liked singing very much3 正如，就像 As you can see,we
30、are still working.因为，由于as 当“连词”时的用法We have a very wonderful TV, but we hardly watch it as we have so much housework to do.注1. As.as 像.一样 （fe: the little girl over there looks as beautiful as my daughter）; 2. as long as 只要(fe: As long as you can keep away from them, youre safe) 3. as a matter of fact
31、 adv. 事实上（fe: Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow, as a matter of fact.） 4. as a whole adv. 总体上(fe: We must consider these matters as a whole) 5. as far as adv. 远到， 直到， 至于( 6. As if 好象似的 仿佛一样 7. as well as adv. 也，又 8. as well 也 （fe: Water is colourless, air as well）9. not so much.as. 与其说.不如说是.(fe: He is
32、 not so much a writer as a reporter) 10. such as 像， 例如；譬如；诸如（fe: Many basic foodstuffs, such as bread and milk, are tax-free） 11. look on.as 把.看作.before 含义 理解核心 典型例句表示时间表示位置1在以前；在前面；在之前表示顺序We have to finish the work before 10 oclock. He made a speech before a lot of audience He arrived before me.初中阶
33、段介词用法总结92 以前，以往 （此时 Before 做副词） She had never been to Italy before3 在以前 （此时 before 做连词） I want to think it over before I decide about it常用短语1. before long 不久； （fe: I hope to see you again before long） 2. long before 很久以前 (fe: Weve seen that film long before)behind 含义 理解核心 典型例句1比晚；迟于表示时间 Your ideas a
34、re behind the times; He arrived ten minutes behind time.2 在后面 表示位置He hide himself behind the tree. There is someone behind you.3落后于，低于，不如表抽象：表示力量、能力等 I am far behind you in English Johns behind the rest of the class in reading.4支持；作为的后盾此时相当于 support 的作用 He had his mother behind him.常用短语1.behind sche
35、dule 不准时 2.behind the times 过时的 3.behind the curtain 在幕后4.far behind 在后面很远，把远远的甩在身后 5.left behind 遗留，留下（被动语句中更常用）below 含义 理解核心 典型例句1 在以下具体：表示位置 （below 含某个水平线或水平面以下的意思，而 under 是某个物体以下）Dont write your answer below this line; Fish were swimming below the surface of the water.初中阶段介词用法总结102 表示年龄 He cant
36、be below fifty.3低于，在.以下表示能力、级别、价值、程度、数量等He is below me in the class; His income is below the average income in the area； During the night,temperatures dropped below zero.beside 含义 理解核心 典型例句1除.以外（还有）注意和 except 的区别 （except 用来引出陈述中唯一不适用的事物、情形、人或想法，是从整体中除去；而besides 只是特别强调而已）Besides English ,we have to s
37、tudy math,Chinese and so on. Besides cancer, smoking can lead other diseases She is a nice girl except a bit ugly. There wasnt anything in the box except a few dirty clothes2 另外，再说 （此时当副词） I dont like that new dictionary, besides, its too expensivebetween 含义 理解核心 典型例句1具体：表示时间、位置、数量The lunch hour is
38、between 11 and 13pm; Shanxi province is between henan and gansu The temperature is between 25 degree and 30 all week2在之间（两者） (常和and 常用)抽象：表示比较、分配、关系、性质等Whats the differencde between women and man? They shared the chocolate between the two of them; The relations between teachers and students are excellent My job is between a secretary and a personal assistant.
