1、1八种时态一、一般现在时：概念：表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B) 经常性、习惯性动作。常与频率副词连用。Eg.：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。 ）C) 客观事实和普遍真理。Eg. The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快)D) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作， （仅限于某些表示 “来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配
2、使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。Eg.The next train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon.Eg.How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？）E) 在时间状语从句中( 以 when, after, before, while, until, as soon as 等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless 引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时 ,句子可以有将来时间。Eg.：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Ger
3、many.(你一到德国就给我打电话) If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家)时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首；用助动词 do
4、 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动词。过去 现在 将来 过去将来一般 一般过去时did一般现在时do(es)一般将来时will do 一般过去将来时would do进行 过去进行时was/were doing现在进行时be doing将来进行时will be doing过去将来进行时would be doing完成 过去完成时had done现在完成时have done将来完成时will have done过去将来完成时would have done21 We often _ (play) in the playground.2 _Mike_ (read) Engl
5、ish everyday?3 Mike sometimes_ (go) to the park with her sister.4 She usually _ (watch) TV at 7 oclock.把下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句。It is a fine day today.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：Jills father works in a factory.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答LHB and LHS share the same room.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答Her daughter is very young.否定句：一般疑问
6、句：肯定回答：否定回答Geography and physics are my favorite subjects.改错：Kitty have a good friend. Her name is Alice. They are both eleven years old. They live in the same housing estate, but in different blocks. Kitty live in Block 1 and Alice lives in Block 2.Kitty and Alice usually goes to school together. S
7、ometimes they likes to eat their lunch together and share their food. They always play together after school. They is happy to be together.3二、一般过去时：不规则动词表概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常发生。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, ju
8、st now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, the other day etc.基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加 didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。a. 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态Eg.He left for Beijing yesterday morning. 他昨天上午到北京去了。 She wasnt at home last night. 她昨晚上在家
9、。 Did you finish your work at four yesterday afternoon? 你昨天下午四点完成工作了吗？ b表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 I got up very early at that time. 我那时总是起得很早。 Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast when she was at middle school. 玛丽上中学时总是起得很晚，从来都没有足够时间吃早饭。4练习：1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.2.
10、The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (dance) at the part
11、y last night.9. I_ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week.10. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 11. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 12. Gao Shan _ (put) up the picture last night. 13. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday. 14. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?15
12、. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.16. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. 17. I listened but _ (hear) nothing.18. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term? 改错题 1How is Jane yesterday? _ 2He go to school by bus last week. _ 3.He often goes home at 6:00 last month.
13、 _ 4I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5.Did you saw him just now. _ 变换句型。 1. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句） _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? 2. He cleaned his room just now. （划线提问）What_ he _? 3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas _ _ RMB 10 on this boo
14、k. 4. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问） _ _ _ family _ last week?5三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首。用法：a现在进行时表示说话时谓语的动作正在进行。 Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁？ He knows that we are helping him
15、 now. 他知道我们现在正在帮助他 。 b在现阶段正在进行的动作，但不一定说话时动作正在进行。 The students are working on the farm there days. 这些天学生们正在农场劳动。 c在现在进行时态中 go, come, leave, start, arrive 等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。 He is coming soon. 他不久就要来了。 Mary is arriving here at 4 oclock this afternoon. 玛丽今天下午四点到达这里。 注意： 1）表示状态或感觉的动词，如：know, lov
16、e, like, want, hear, see, think 等，一般没有进行时态，因为它们不能表示正在进行的动作。但是，如果词义发生变化，能表示一个正在进行的动作，也可使用进行时态。 Stop, I am thinking. 停下来，我正在想问题呢。 2）无法延续动作的动词，如：jump, begin, start, stop 等一般不宜用于进行时态。但是，若想表示动作反复或即将发生，也可使用进行时态。He is jumping up and down. 他一下一下地跳个不停。3)与 always, continually, constantly，forever 等连用表示经常性反复性的动
17、作表示某种感情色彩。She is always changing her clothes.He is always doing things for other peopleShe is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay me back.【注意】不用于现在进行时的动词表感觉、感官的动词。See、hear、smell、taste、feel.This cake smells wonderful.表爱憎的动词。Like、love、dislike、hate 、adore 、mind、prefer、表希望、意愿。Want、wish、desire表知
18、道、相信、猜想、理解。Know、believe、think 、doubt、understand 、wonder-The phone is ringing.-I know, I heard it.表拥有、含有、所有 Own、contain、belong to、have6【练习】写出下列词的现在分词play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_1. Look! These boys _ happily in t
19、he swimming pool.A are dancing B are swimming C were singing D have swum 2. She _ (talk) about her new school at the moment.3. The Browns _ (watch) TV now.My father always _(come) back from work very late.4. The teacher is busy. He _ (sleep) six hours a day.5. -Tom is leaving for Disneyland for a ho
20、liday.-Really? When_ he _?A has gone B is leaving C did leave D does go 5. - Lets go shopping, shall we?- Sorry, I cant. I _ my clothes.A have washed B washed C am washing D wash6. Listen! the phone _. Please go to answer it.A is ringing B rings C rang D did ring7. Who _ over there now? A. singing B
21、. are sing C. is singing D. sing8. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class. A.have B.having C.is having D.are having9. Listen! The baby _ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries10. Look! The twins _ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing11. Don
22、t talk here. Grandparents _. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep12.The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _ some coffee for it. A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have13. My father always _(come) back from work very late.14. The teacher is busy. He _ (sleep) six ho
23、urs a day.7四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑问句：把 was 或 were 放于句首。1）构成 过去进行时由 be 动词的过去式加动词的现在分词构成。 肯定式 疑问式 否定式I was working Were you working? I was not workingHe / She / it was
24、 working.Was he / she / it working?Yes, he / she / it was.No, he / she / it wasnt.He / she / it was not working.We were working. Were we working? We were not workingYou were working Were you working? You were not workingThey were working Were they working? They were not working2）用法 a. 过去进行时表示过去某一时间正
25、在进行的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。They were expecting you yesterday. 他们昨天一直在等待。b. 过去进行时可与 soon, the next moment, in minutes, minutes later 等时间状语连用，表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。如：Soon the whole town was talking about it. 不久镇上的人就都谈论起这种事了。c. 过去进行时可用来申述原因或用作借口，这种用法常用在口语
26、中。如：- Have you finished your homework, Mary? 玛丽，你作业做完了吗？- No, I was helping my mother is the kitchen all day yesterday. 还没呢，我昨天一天都帮妈妈在厨房干活。d. 过去进行时可用来为一个后一系列动作的发生提供背景。如：I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike. 我在骑车时把腿摔坏了。e. 过去进行时可表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算，这时 be 动词 was/were 要重读。如：I was writing him a letter this
27、morning and forgot all about it. 我本该今天早上给他写信的，后来全给忘了。I was seeing her tomorrow. 我本来打算明天会见她。He was watching the play yesterday, but he was too busy. 他昨天本来要看那场戏的，可是太忙了。一般过去时和过去进行时的区别（1）一般过去式常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态（包括过去习惯动作） ，常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有 just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), the da
28、y before yesterday 及表示过去的时间状语从句。如：I was sixteen yesterday old last year. 我去年 16 岁。He worked in a factory in 1986. 他 1986 年在一家工厂工作。I met her in the street the day before yesterday. 前天我在街上遇见了她。He often swam in the river when he was young. 他小时候常在河里游泳。（2）过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that 8t
29、ime/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth.等时间状语从句。What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。I was cook
30、ing when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。（3）一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。如：I saw you while you were speaking to the teacher. 你在和老师谈话时我看见了你。注意：有的过去时间状语既可用于一般过去时，也可用于过去进行时，但含义不同。如：She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。 （信写完了）She was writing a letter to her friend last ni
31、ght.她昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。 （信不一定写完）91. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (
32、all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle
33、when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2.
34、 Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.3. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes, he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.5. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.6. _ they _ (have)
35、a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.7. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)8. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.10. He as
36、ked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.12. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.13. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.14. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.15. While
37、 my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.三、 选择题。1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rang c. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will
38、 try3. While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday
39、afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.10a. is, thinking, was b. wa
40、s, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8. A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9. We _ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. wai
41、ted, waiting d. waited, wait10. He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. did, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12. “_ you angry then?” “th
42、ey _ too much noise.”a. are, were making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made13. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ mea. did, heard b. did, didnt hear c. was doing, heard d. was doing, didnt hear14. This time yesterday jack _ his bike. He _ TVa. repaired, didnt watch b. was repairing, watched c. repaired, watched d. was repairing, wasnt watching
