1、初中英语介词用法总结 第 1 页 共 21 页初中英语介词用法总结介词(preposition)：也叫前置词。在英语里，它的搭配能力最强。但不能单独做句子成分需要和名词或代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语及从句）构成介词短语，才能在句中充当成分。介词是一种虚词，不能独立充当句子成分，需与动词、形容词和名词搭配，才能在句子中充当成分。介词是用于名词或代词之前，表示词与词之间关系的词类，介词常与动词、形容词和名词搭配表示不同意义。介词短语中介词后接名词、代词或可以替代名词的词（如：动名词 v-ing）.介词后的代词永远为宾格形式。介词的种类：（1 ） 简单介词：about, across, aft
2、er, against, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, but, by, down, during, for, from, in, of, on, over, near, round, since, to, under, up, with 等等。（2 ） 合成介词：inside, into, outside, throughout, upon, without, within（3 ） 短语介词：according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, in
3、spite of, instead of, owing to, up to, with reguard to（4 ） 分词介词：considering, reguarding, including, concerning介词短语：构成 介词+名词 We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 初中英语介词用法总结 第 2 页 共 21 页介词+代词 Could you look for it instead of me? 介词+动名词 He insisted on staying home. 介词+连接代/副词 I was thinking of how w
4、e could get there. 介词+不定式/从句 He gives us some advice on how to finish it.介词的用法：一、介词 to 的常见用法1.动词+toa)动词 + toadjust to 适应,attend to 处理；照料,agree to 赞同,amount to 加起来达，belong to 属于,come to 达到,drink to 为干杯，get to 到达,happen to 发生在某人身上,hold to 紧握,lead to 通向,listen to 听,occur to 想起,object to 反对,point to 指向,
5、初中英语介词用法总结 第 3 页 共 21 页respond to 回答,refer to 参考；指的是；涉及 ,reply to 回答,see to 负责,stick to 坚持,turn to 求助,write to 给某人写信。b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.announce to 通知某人, describe to 向某人描述, explain to 向某人解释, express to 对某人表达, mention to 提及, nod to 向某人点头, report to 报告, say to 告知, shout to 对某人大叫, suggest to 对某人提建议,spea
6、k to 与某人交谈, talk to 跟某人谈话, whisper to 和某人低声耳语。c)动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.add to 增加, compare to 比作, carry to 运送至, devote to 致力于,introduce to 介绍给, invite to 邀请参加, join to 连接到, leave to 委托给,reduce to 下降至, sentence to 判处, take to带到。2. be +形容词 /过去分词+ tobe alive to 觉察；晓得,be attentive to 注意；留心,be awake to
7、知晓 ,be blind to 缺乏眼光,be close to 紧挨着,be common to 对某人来说很普通,初中英语介词用法总结 第 4 页 共 21 页be contrary to 违反；反对,be devoted to 致力,be deaf to 不愿意听 ,be equal to 有 的力量,be exposed to 暴露；遭受,be fair to 对公平,be familiar to 对某人来说熟悉,be grateful to 对某人心存感激,be good to 对 有好处,be harmful to 对 有危害,be important to 对重要,be kind
8、 to 友好对待,be known to 周知于,be married to 嫁给,be moved to 转移到 ,be near to 靠近,be necessary to 对有必要,be opposite to 在对面,be opposed to 反对,be pleasant to 合某人之意 ,be proper to 专属,be polite to 礼貌待人 ,be rude to 粗暴对待,be relative to 与有关,be strange to 不习惯,初中英语介词用法总结 第 5 页 共 21 页be similar to 类似,be suitable to 适合 ,b
9、e true to 忠实 ,be thankful to 感激,be useful to 对 有用,be used to 习惯。3.to+名词构成的词组to a degree 在某种程度上 , to date 到现在为止,to ones feet 跳起来，to ones mind照看来, to ones surprise 使吃惊,to ones taste 符合胃口, to oneself 独自享用, to order 定做 ,to the letter 不折不扣地, to the point 中肯地二、at 的常见用法 at 构成的词组比较多，要细心区分。1.动词+ atarrive at
10、抵达,call at 访问某地, catch at(it)当场抓住, come at 攻击, fire at 向开火,glance at 瞟一眼, glare at 怒目而视, grieve at 忧伤，knock at 敲,laugh at 嘲笑, look at 看一眼, pull at 拉扯 , rejoice at 对 高兴，smile at 向某人微笑 , shoot at 朝射击, stare at 怒目而视,thrust at 刺向, tear at 撕 , tremble at 颤抖，wonder at 吃惊，work at 工作。2. be +形容词 /过去分词+ atbe
11、angry at 恼怒于, be alarmed at 对保持警觉,be astonished at 对吃惊, be bad at 不擅长, be clever at 对某事很灵巧,be delighted at 高兴，be disgusted at 厌恶, be disappointed at 对 失望，be good at 擅长 , be impatient at 对不够耐心, be mad at 狂热于,be pleased at初中英语介词用法总结 第 6 页 共 21 页对感到高兴, be present at 出席, be satisfied at 满意,be surprised
12、at 吃惊, be shocked at 对非常震惊，be terrified at 受到的恐吓,be quick at 对很机敏。3.at+名词构成的词组at a distance 在一定距离，at a loss 不知所措， at a time 一次，at all 一点也不，at any cost 不惜一切代价，at best 最好也只是，at first 起初，at hand 手头，at heart 在内心里，at home 在家；无拘束，at last 最后，at least 至少，at most 最多，at once 马上，at present目前。三、介词 on 的常见用法on 的用
13、法比较重要，本文介绍它的一些常见用法：1.动词+ona)动词 + on 要认真区分下面一些词组act on 对有作用 , bring on 促使；导致, call on 拜访某人,count on 依赖, carry on 执行,depend on 取决, feed on 以为生,figure on 料想；推断, go on 继续,have on 穿着, insist on 坚持,keep on 继续, lean on 依赖, live on 以为生, pull on 迅速穿上 ,put on 穿上, switch on 接通（电源）, take to 喜欢；养成；轻易学会， turn on
14、接通（电源）, work on 操作, wait on 侍候。b)动词+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.)base on 以为基础, congratulate on 恭贺, fix on 固定, have mercy on 怜悯,have pity on怜惜, keep watch on 监视, spend on 把时间、精力花在某方面。初中英语介词用法总结 第 7 页 共 21 页2.be+形容词+on 的词组be dependent on 依赖, be hard on 对某人苛刻,be impressed on 对印象深刻, be keen on 渴望 , be strict
15、 on 对严格。3.on+名词构成的词组on board 乘（车,飞机）,on call 听候召唤, on duty 值班, on earth 到底, on fire 着火, on foot 步行， on guard 在岗，on hire 雇用，on holiday 度假四、介词 in 的常见用法1.动词+ina)动词 + inbelieve in 信任, break in 碎成，bring in 引起；产生；带来, call in 下令收回, fill in 填充,get in 收获 , hand in 上缴, involve in 涉及, lie in 在于, result in 导致,
16、share in 共享,succeed in 成功, take in 卷起；订阅, turn in 归还当局。b)动词+sb./time/money+ inhelp sb. in 帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in 匀出时间或钱做某事,spend time/money in 花时间或钱做某事,waste time/money in 浪费时间或钱做某事。2. be +形容词 + in初中英语介词用法总结 第 8 页 共 21 页be active in 活跃于,be absorbed in 专心致志, be busy in 忙碌, be born in 出生于,be con
17、cerned in 牵涉 , be clothed in 穿着, be disappointed in 对失望,be diligent in 勤于, be experienced in 在有经验, be employed in 任职于,be engaged in 忙碌, be expert in 某方面的专家, be excellent in 在优秀,be interested in 对有兴趣, be lacking in 缺乏, be rich in 富有,be slow in 迟缓, be successful in 在某方面成功, be skilled in 精于,be strict i
18、n 严于, be weak in弱于。3. in +名词in advance 提前,in all 总共，in balance 总而言之，in bed 卧床，in body 亲自，in brief简明扼要，in case 万一, in charge 主管，in danger 有危险, in debt 负债, in despair 失望,in force 大量地；有效，in full 全部地, in flower 开花,in general 一般说来,in itself 本身, in love恋爱, in order 井然有序, in person 亲自,in public 公开地, in pro
19、gress 有进展, in practice 从实践上看, in rags 穿着破衣,in research 探索, in return 作为报答 ,in ruins 一片废墟,in short 总之,in theory 从理论上看, in trouble 有麻烦, in tears 眼泪汪汪,in time 及时, in turn 按顺序, in vain白白地，in view 看得见。五、介词 from 的常见用法from 的用法可不能小瞧，你不一定知道下面这些词组意义。1.动词+froma)动词 + fromcome from 来自 ,date from 追溯, depart from
20、违背, die from 死于, escape from 逃出,fall from 自跌落, hang from 垂挂, hear from 收到来信,learn from 向某人学习, return from 自某地返回，rise from 自冒出, result from 起因于, suffer from 忍受。初中英语介词用法总结 第 9 页 共 21 页b)动词+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a placeborrow from 向借, choose from 选自, excuse from 免除, keep from 阻止做,prevent from不准做
21、, protect from 不受之害, receive from 收到,remove from 移动；除去, save from 保全；拯救, separate from 分离开来 ,stop from 阻止。2. be +形容词 + frombe absent from 缺席,be different from 与众不同, be far from 更不用说, be hidden from 躲避,be made from 用制成, be tired from 因而疲倦。3.fromtofrom bad to worse 每况愈下，from beginning to end 自始至终， fro
22、m cover to cover 从头到尾，from China to Peru 到处，from day to day 一天一天地，from door to door 挨家挨户，from end to end 从头至尾，from first to last 自始至终，from hand to mouth 勉强糊家，from head to foot 从头到脚，from mouth to mouth 广泛流传，from sun to sun 从日出到日落，from start to finish 从头开始，from top to toe 从头到脚，from time to time 不时地，fr
23、om top to bottom 彻底地。六、介词 for 的常见用法1.动词+fora）动词+foraccount for 解释；说明 , answer for 对负责,apply for 申请；请求,apologize for 为而道歉, beg for 请求 , call for 要求 ,care for 在意, enter for 报名参加, fight for 为而战, hope for初中英语介词用法总结 第 10 页 共 21 页希望,inquire for 查询；求见, leave for 离开某地到另一地, look for 寻找, long for 盼望,mistake f
24、or 误认为, plan for 计划做某事 , prepare for 为作准备,provide for 为提供, reach for 伸手去拿, run for 竞选 , stand for 象征,search for 搜寻, send for 派人去请, speak for 陈述意见、愿望, take for 当作 , wish for 希望, wait for 等待。b)动词+sb.+ for +sth.ask for 要求得到 ,blame for 因责备, excuse for 宽恕, forgive for 谅解, pardon for 原谅,pay for 花钱买, prais
25、e for 称赞, punish for 对进行惩罚,push for 催逼，reward for 酬谢, thank for 对表示谢意。2. be +形容词 +forbe anxious for 急于做, be eager for 渴望, be bad for 有害于,be convenient for 便于, be good for 利于, be famous for 以出名,be fit for 适合于 , be grateful for 对心存感激, be impatient for 对 不耐烦,be late for 迟到, be necessary for 有必要, be rea
26、dy for 作好准备,be sorry for 为而后悔, be responsible for 对负责,be suitable for 适合于, be unfit for 不适合, be useful for 对 有作用。3.for+名词构成的词组for all 尽管，for a song 非常便宜地，for certain 确切地，for company 陪着，for ever 永远，for example 例如，for fear 以免，for fair 肯定地，for free 免费，for fun 为了好玩，for good 永远，for instance 比方，for luck 祝
27、福，for life 终身，for long 长久，for nothing 白白地，for once 有生第一次， for oneself 替自己，for pleasure 为了消遣，for reason 因为理由，for sale 供出售， for shame 真不害臊，for short 简称，for sport 好玩，for sure 确切地。4.动词+副词/名词+for 构成的短语be in for 将遇到， make up for 弥补，go in for 从事，look out for 提防，take sth. for granted 把当作理所当然,have an ear for 音感好,have a gift for 有某方面的天赋。
