1、1反义疑问句【反义疑问句】（ 一 ） 概 念 ： 反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。 （ 二 ） 要 点 注 意 ：1、反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是：“肯定陈述否定疑问”或“否定陈述肯定疑问”。2、简略问句如果是否定式：not 应与 be，do，will 等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。3、简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词。4、陈述部分含“too.to”时，是否定句。（ 三 ） 用 法 ：1) 陈述部分 I am 时，疑问部分要用 arent I.Im as tall as yo
2、ur sister，arent I? （我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？）2) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。如： The old man made no answer, did he?Jim is never late for school, is he?3) 陈述部分有情态动词have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用 dont +主语（didnt +主语） 。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don
3、t we?used to，疑问部分用 didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he?had better（最好） + v. 疑问句部分用 hadnt you?Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?4) 陈述部分有 would rather（宁可、宁愿） +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?5 陈述部分有 Youd
4、 like to +v. 疑问部分用 wouldnt +主语。Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?6) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词 everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用 it。Everything is ready, isnt it? 陈述部分主语是不定代词 everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one 等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数 he.Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (doesnt he?)Nobody
5、knows about it, do they? (does he?)7) think 引导的宾语从句：A.主语是第一人称I dont think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, cant she?B. 如果主语不是第一人称则疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句He thought they were wrong, didnt he? （不能说 werent they?）8) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用 will you。Dont do that again, will you?Go with me, wil
6、l you / wont you?2Lets 开头的祈使句，后用 shall we（或用 shant we) ?而 Let us 开头的祈使句，后用 will you（或 wont you）?Lets go and listen to the music, shall we（或用 shant we)?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或 wont you）?9) 陈述部分是“there be“结构的，疑问部分用 there。There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there
7、?There will not be any trouble, will there?10) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。It is impossible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。主 语一般词语附加疑问句中主语 用和主语一致的主语，用主格。 不定代词当陈述部分的主语是 (1)everyone,no one， nobody 等时，后面的疑问句应表示为： Everyone is in the cl
8、assroom, arent they? (基本不用单数，但也可用 he） Nobody will go, will they? (2) everything,anything,nothing,something 时，附加疑问句中主语一般用 it 不用 they （3）this,that,或 those,these 时，附加疑问句中主语用 it 和 they. 特殊句型否定意义的词 （1）当陈述部分有 never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定意义的词时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式： There are few
9、apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? （2）当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是 unhappy,dislike,unfriendly 等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un-前缀、-less 后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy,doesnt he?他看上去不高兴，不是吗？ The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？ 表示主语主观
10、意愿的词含有 think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。 (1) 当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如： I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? 值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式
11、，而非否定式。例如： 3I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he? Wedont imagine the twins have arrived, have they? 此类句子的回答同“前否后肯 “型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为“Yes, they have.“；若尚未到达，使用“No, they havent.“。 (2) 当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关.） 。例如： Your sister supposes she needs n
12、o help, doesnt she? You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you? They dont believe shes an engineer, do they? She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she? (3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。 had better 或 have陈述部分有 had better,或其中的 have 表示完成时态时，疑问句应用 hadnt 等开头： Youd better
13、get up early, hadnt you? 其他情况句中有 have 时疑问句应用 dont 等开头 如 have 表示“有” 的时候，有两种形式： -He has two sisters,doesnt he? -He doesnt have any sisters,does he? 祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达 当开头是 Lets 时，一定要用 shall we。其余都用 will you（包括 Let us）不论肯定否定 Lets go out for a walk, shall we? Let us go out for a walk, will you? L
14、et me help you,may I? Turn on the radio, will you? There be 句型There be 句型中，反义疑问部分必须为 be 动词 + there There are some apples in the basket, arent there? There isnt any milk left, is there? must当陈述部分有情态动词 must，问句有 4 种情况： （1）mustnt 表示 “禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用 must. You mustnt stop your car here,must you? 你不能把
15、车停在这地方，知道吗？ （2）must 表示 “有必要”时，附加问句通常要用 neednt. They must finish the work today,neednt they? 他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？ （3）当 must 用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据 must 后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at English,isnt he? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？ （4）当 must+have done 表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语） ，问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent
16、+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语） ，问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。 She must have read the novel last week,didnt she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？ 4You must have told her about it,havent you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？ 回 答反意疑问句的回答用 yes， no， 但是，回答意思相反,当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。如： They dont work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？ Yes, they do. 不，他们工作努力
17、。/No, they dont. 对， 他们工作不努力 肯定反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为否定式，反意疑问句为肯定式时，其回答往往与汉语不一致，需特别引起注意： “It isnt cheap, is it?“ “Yes, it is.“ “它不便宜吧？”“不，很便宜。 ” “He doesnt love her, does he?“ “No, he doesnt.“ “他不爱她，是吗？”“ 是的，他不爱她。 ”此时，“Yes“即不，对前面“It isnt cheap.“的否定。 否定反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照情况回答即可：“Its
18、 new, isnt it?“ “Yes, it is.“ “是新的，对吗？”“对，是新的。 ” “He wants to go, doesnt he?“ “No, he doesnt.“ “他想去，对吗？”“ 不，他不想去。 ” 此时，“No“即是，对前面“Its new.“的肯定。 回答反意疑问句的原则回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定， “It is a beautiful flower，isnt it？” “It isnt a beautiful flower，is it？” 肯定均为“Yes，it is.“否定为“No，it isnt.“ 快 速 记 忆 表陈述部分的谓语 疑问部
19、分 I arent I Wish may +主语 no,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义 rarely, little 等否定含义的词 ought to（肯定的） shouldnt/ oughtnt +主语 have to+v.(had to+v.) dont +主语(didnt + 主语) used to didnt +主语或 usednt +主语 had better + v. hadnt you would rather + v. wouldnt +主语 5youd like to + v. wouldnt +主语 must
20、根据实际情况而定 感叹句中 be +主语 Neithernor, eitheror 连接的并列主语 根据其实际逻辑意义而定 指示代词或不定代词 everything,that, nothing,this 主语用 it 并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 定语从句,宾语从句的 主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定 think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine 等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one 复数 they, 单数 he 情态动词 dare 或 need need (dare ) +主语 d
21、are, need 为实义动词 do +主语 省去主语的祈使句 will you？ Lets 开头的祈使句 Shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you? there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式 must 表 “推测 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句1. Linda ate nothing this morning, _? A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasnt she 2. Theres hardly_ milk in the bottle, _there? A. n
22、o, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is 3. He has never ridden a horse before, _? A. does he B. has he C. hasnt he D. doesnt he 4. He seldom came here, _? Yes sir. A. didnt he B. does he C. doesnt he D. did he 5. Everything seems all right, _ ? A. does it B. dont they C. wont it D. doesnt it
23、7. One cant be too modest, can _ ? A. one B. he C. it D. we 8. No one failed in the exam, _ ? 6A. was he B. did one C. did they D. didnt he 10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _ ? A. am I B. arent we C. are we D. amnt I 11. He cant be her father, _ he? A. is B. isnt C. can D. cant 12. They have no ti
24、me to visit the museum, _? A. do they B. havent they C. dont they D. will they 14. Youd better go at once, _ you? A. hadnt B. did C. didnt D. dont 15. Youd rather work than play, _ you? A. hadnt B. wouldnt C. didnt D. mustnt 16. You dare not do that, _ you? A. dont B. do C. dare D. darent 18. He dis
25、likes the two subjects, _ he? A. does B. doesnt C. is D. isnt 19. These tools are useless now, _ ? A. are they B. arent they C. is it D. isnt it 20. He used to get up at 6:30, _ he? A. didnt he B. did he C. used he D. wouldnt he 22. He ought to win the first prize, _ he? A. mustnt B. oughtnt C. shou
26、ldnt D. Both B and C. 23. Lets go there by bus, _? A. will you B. shall we C. dont you D. will you 24. Let us go to play football, _? A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we 25. Dont forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _? A. will you B. shall we C. wont you D. do you 26. Lets go
27、shopping this afternoon, _? 7 All right. A. will we B. shall we C. dont we D. are we 27. Pass me the dictionary, _? Yes, with pleasure. A. would you B. will you C. wont you D. wouldnt you 30. There is little water in the glass, _? A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there 32. There wont be any c
28、oncert this Saturday evening, _ ? A. will there not B. will there C. is there D. wont 33. I guess she taught herself Japanese, _? Yes. A. dont I B. did she C. do I D. didnt she 34. I dont believe you are right, _ ? A. are you B. do you C. wont you D. do 35. She doesnt think that Tom sings best in th
29、e class, _ ? A. does she B. doesnt she C. does he D. doesnt he 37. I know you didnt want to hurt me, _ ? A. did you B. didnt you C. do I D. dont I 38. If my father were here he would be very happy, _ ? A. werent he B. were he C. wouldnt he D. would he Key: 15 CDBDD 610 BACDC 1115 AABAB 1620 CCBBA 21
30、25CDBAA 2630 BBBAD 3135 BBDAA 3638 AACBritish newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry ,so newspapermen write as few words as possible .They tell their readers at once what happened ,where ,when and how it happened and what was the result : how many peo
31、ple were killed ,what change was done and so on .Readers want the fact(事实) set out as fully and accurately as possible .Readers are also interested in the people who have seen the accident. So a newspaperman always likes to get some information (信息)from someone who was there, 8which can be given in
32、the persons own words .Because he can use only a few words ,the newspaperman must choose those words carefully ,every one must be effective(有效). Instead of “he called out in a loud voice”, he writes” he shouted”; instead of “the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain”, he will wri
33、te” they thundered down the mountainside”. Because many of the readers arent very clever, and most of them are in a hurry.1. From the text, we learn that newspapermen write as few words as possible ,because readers_. A. want to know more about the newsB. take no interest in what has happened C. have
34、 no time to read the news carefully D. pay much attention to the result2. The underlined word”one” in the text refers to _. A.word B.newspaperman C.reader D.person 3. Which of the following would best complete the text ?A. he will keep his writing short B. he wont care about his writing C. he will g
35、ive nothing but information D. he wont make his writing good enough. 4. In what way do you think British newspapers have become smaller? A. In a page size. B. In number of readers.C. In number of pages. D. In number of copies5. Which of the following is true?A. Readers are not satisfied with the sho
36、rt news. B. Not many people have time to read the long articles in newspapers.C. Readers find the language of the newspapers exciting.D. Newspapermen try to report as fully as possible.CABAB It was getting dark. Some children and two Canadian women were still_on the ice near a big hotel. They were h
37、aving a good time.Suddenly the ice_. One of the boys fell into the water. The children shouted, “Help! Help!” They didnt know_to do. The two Canadian friends heard_and skated over to get the boy out of the water.The ice was_. The two Canadians fell into the water, too. But they tried their best to_t
38、he little boy. They knew they must be_. If they didnt push him up onto the ice, he would soon die.Many people ran over to_. Some of them had ropes and poles(绳和竹竿). A young man jumped into the water to wave the_people.9The boy and the two Canadian women were out of water at last. One of the women didnt feel well. She was sent to the_at once. But she felt very happy because the boy was safe.top around higher thinking foreign different even walking look pleasure
