1、外研版高二英语必修五 Module 4 CarnivalPart1 词汇精讲精练一、重点词汇1.mark vt.1 to write, to draw a symbol, line.做记号mark A with B; mark B on A 用 B 在 A 上做记号eg. Some drivers mark the cars_”New Drivers. Take Care Please”.2 to celebrate or officially remember an event 纪念eg.This is a ceremony_the 100th anniversary of The Revo
2、lution of 1911.3 to be a sign that sth. new is going to happen 标志着eg. _Ben Laden_a great change in anti-terrorism war in Afghanistan.(本 拉登的死标志着在阿富汗的反恐战争发生了巨大变化。 ）4 to give marks to students work 批改eg. I hate_.(我讨厌批改试卷）n. 污点（spot,dirt); 符号，记号；成绩，分数be marked with 标记着be marked on 标记在mark down 记下，降低 价格、
3、分数make ones mark 出名，成功Exercise:写出下列句子中 mark 的含义1 He made marks with a pencil.2 The festival is to mark the citys 200th anniversary.3 He was marking essay in his small study.4 He did well to get such a good mark.There is no_of rain today. It is not necessary for you to take your raincoat.A. mark B.sy
4、mbol C.sign D.messageThrough hard work, the girl has achieved_progress since the beginning of this semester.A. remarked B.remarking C.marked D.remarkable2.dress vi./vt.sb. dress sb. be dressed in=dress oneself in dress up as /for 装扮成；为 装扮dress sb. up as /for 把某人装扮成 /为装扮某人eg. _a long time_.(她穿衣要花很长时间
5、。 ）He_and went out in a hurry.(他给儿子穿好衣服就匆匆出去了。 ）Many people_animals during carnival.(在狂欢节期间，很多人都把自己打扮成动物。 ）比较：put on, wear, dress, have onExercise:1 Hurry up! _your coat_.2 She_a diamond necklace.3 She_her baby.4 Jane_a red jacket_.5 Do you know the boy who is_a red T-shirt?A.putting on B.wearing in
6、 C.dressed in D.having on3.originate v. to happen or appear for the first time in a place or situation 起源，发源eg. The style of architecture_Greece.(这种建筑风格起源于希腊。 ）origin n. the point from which sth.starts 起源，源头eg. Most coughs are viral_. (大多数咳嗽是由病毒引发的。 ）original1 adj. at the beginning of a particular p
7、rocess 原来的，起初的2 n. a document or art produced for the first time 真迹，原稿eg. This painting is a copy._is in the Summer Palace.（这是复制品，原件在故宫里。 ）e to an end to reach the point at which sth. can no longer continue 结束eg. The meeting_.(会议午夜才结束。 ）put.to an end=put an end to. 使结束eg. Mankind must put an end to
8、war or war will put mankind to an e about come across come at come upcome up with an idea come on come out 填空：1 How did it come_that you both got lost? I thought you had a map.2 Come_, or we will be late for the opening ceremony.3 He came_me like a tiger.4 When the examination result came_, he had a
9、lready got a job.5 I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they havent come_yet.5. prepareprepare forprepare vt. eg. Mon_a big turkey and Dad_the family union party.be prepared for=_; (为做好了准备）eg. -Are you_the exam?-No, I need two more hours. I havent remembered all the words.A.prepared B.preparing C
10、.prepared for D.preparing for6. extend v. 延长，延伸eg. Students dont like the teachers _ .(学生不喜欢经常拖堂的老师）extension. n.伸展，延长，扩大eg. We plan to have .我们打算扩建这家医院。Extended adj. 扩大的，扩展的，大的extended family 大家庭，几世同堂7.7. ban/ abolish v8.Ban 明令禁止，取缔，禁止9.Abolish 主要指废除“法律，制度，习俗”等She is driving for six months. 她已被禁驾 6
11、 个月。There are many bad customs and laws that 许多不良内容和法规应予以废除。8. EndOn end 直立，竖着Bring/put an end to sth.Bring/put sth. to an end 结束某件事In the end 最后，终于At the end of 在 末端、后By the end of 在 结束时，在 末尾Make both ends meet 使收支相抵Her sudden arrival put an end to the meeting.Low as his salary is ,he can make both
12、 ends meet.9. 9. Hide-hid-hiden v. 隐瞒，藏，遮蔽10. Hide oneself behind the door 躲在门后（表动作）Be hidden behind the door 藏在门后（表状态） Hide.from.把 藏起来Hide away 藏起来e.g. They hide me from the police in their attic.(阁楼)She tried to .她没法不表露自己的情感10.pretend 伪装，假装Pretend to do Pretend to be doingPretend to have donePrete
13、nd to be +adj./n Pretend that. Eg. She pretended to be reading a novel when I came into the room.She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.The young actor pretended to be Hamlet. 那个年轻的演员扮演哈姆雷特。二词汇小练习 11.The sentimental lady tried_her feelings under the mask, but her tones gave
14、her away. (hide)2.Some ordinary people could do nothing but_rich and important, while popular personalities could have romantic adventures in secret. (pretend)3.The travel agency has set out_a direct flight for tomorrows trip to London. (book)4.The manager_our holiday by three days into the followin
15、g week, as we had completed the_long-period research. (extend)5.Your_seems to be getting worse, as you cant recall the memorable names at the war_ceremony. (memorize)6.After the first_for lung cancer, she required_again. (operator)7.Carnival, actually_from Europe, is celebrated with the mystery of t
16、he masks. (origin)8.Since people have no idea what the faces behind the various masks look like, many crimes go_.(punishment)9.The costumes and sights change from country to country but the festive_is the same everywhere. (exciting)10.In the late 1970s the tradition carnival_by some students. (reviv
17、e)词汇小练习 1 答案：1. to hide2. pretend to be3. to book4. extended; extensive5. memory; memorial6. operation; to be operated on/operating on7. originating8. unpunished9. excitement10. was revived词汇小练习 21.The man with black on his white trousers told me the white painted on the trees the starting point of
18、the right route. (mark)2.Bad customs and rules deserve . ( abolish)3. In our class, when the bell gives the and the teacher closes his books, it is a for everyone to stand up. (sign)4.Carnival became a relaxing way to different countries, as people forgot their everyday worries and troubles. (union)
19、5. for a big anniversary celebration were under way. (prepare)6.The company plan to its commercial operations into EU members. (extension)7.They planned to make a tour in Northern Europe to celebrate their silver . (wed)8. enough, a woman seated beside me gave up eating when she saw me wash the dry
20、food down that loudly way. (fun)词汇小练习 2 答案：1.Marks, mark, marked2. To be abolished/ abolishing3. Signal, sign4. unite5. preparations6. extend7. wedding8. FunnilyPart2 语法强化Grammar Passive Voice(被动语态)1、概念被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被
21、动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。2、结构被动语态的基本结构为“be+及物动词的过去分词” 。在各个常用时态中的被动语态结构如下表：时态 Tense 被动语态 Passive Voice一般现在时 simple present am/is/are done一般过去时 simple past Was/were done一般将来时 future Will be done现在完成时 present perfect Have/has done过去完成时 past perfect Had been done现在进行时 present continuous am
22、/is/are being done过去进行时 past continuous Was/were being donee.g. You are wanted on the phone . 有你的电话。 （一般现在时）The railway was built in 1998. 这条铁路建于 1998 年。 （一般过去时）A new railway is being built in this city. 这个城市正在修建一条新的铁路。（现在进行时）The railway was being built this time last year.去年这个时候这条铁路正在修建。 （过去进行时）The
23、 new railway has already been built.新铁路已经建成了。 （现在完成时）The new railway had been built by the end of last year.（过去完成时）A new railway will be built in this city next year.这个城市明年将建一条新的铁路。 （一般将来时）He told us that the new railway would be built the next year.（过去将来时）3、主动句变被动句所遵循的 4 个步骤（1）把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。（2）
24、把动词变为被动形式，即 be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语 的变化而变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。（3）原主动句的主语如需要则放在 by 后面以它的宾格形式出现，如不需要则可省略。（4）其他成分（定语、状语）不变。e.g. The government cancelled the sports meeting because of the bad weather.(主动语态) The sports meeting was cancelled by the government because of the bad weather. (被动语态)注：当不强调动作的执行者的时候可以把 by 去
25、掉。4、其他可以表示被动的结构（1）get +动词的过去分词e.g. He got injured in the traffic accident last week.（2）look, sound, feel, smell, taste, become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, stay, keep, appear, seem, prove+形容词/名词。e.g. He proved (to be) a good guide during the journey to Canada. （3）表示开始、结束、运动的动词。e.g. The plane takes of
26、f at 7a.m tomorrow.The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.（4）表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如：read，sell，wash，write，act，iron，cut，draw，drive，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink，etc.e.g. This kind of cloth washes well.Your pen writes smoothly.（5）少数动词用于进行时态，其主动形式表示被动含义。e.g. the new edition of the book is printing.（6）介词 in，on，under 等+名词。e.g. The house is under repair.Today some treasures are on show.
