1、 大学英语阅读进阶 第四版PART 1Unit 1 Vocabulary in ContextPractice 1: Examples1. examples：brushing their teeth, washing their hands and facec; B2. examples：the phones were constantly ringing, people were running back and forth, several offices were being painted: B 3. examples: the giant land tortoise can live
2、 several hundred years; B4. examples: going to town concerts and ball games, visiting neighborhood friends, playing board games: A5. examples: gardening, long-distance bike riding ; A6. examples: picking up the language and customs of their new home; A7. examples: a trembling mugging victim, a cryin
3、g lost child: A8. examples: learning, reasoning, thinking, language: B9. examples: the TV is talking to them, others can steal their thoughts; C10.examples: accepting a bribe from a customer, stealing from an employer; CPractice 2: Synonyms1-5 embarrasses; examine; practical; confusing; overlook6-10
4、 necessary; opponents; arrival; charitable; customaryPractice 3: Antonyms1. Antonomy:long; A2. Antonomy: financial loss;B3. Antonomy: openly; B4. Antonomy: plainly; B5. Antonomy: active; A6. Antonomy: clear; C7. Antonomy: benefit; B8. Antonomy: increase in value;B9. Antonomy: careless; B10.Antonomy:
5、 weak; BPractice 4: General Sense1-5 B; C; A ;B; C; 6-10 A; C; B; C; BReview Test 11-5 context; A; C; B; definitionexamplesReview Test 2A. 1-5 B; A; B ; C; A;B. 6 D overjoyed; 7 A. provided; 8 C discouraged; 9 E. nag; 10 B. doubtful;Review Test 3A. 1-5 practical; clean; reveal; relieve; at the same
6、timeB. 6-10 looked down upon; guilty; tried; add to; joined;Review Test 41-5 B; D; D; B; A; 6-10 A; C; D; D; C;Mastery Test 1A: 1-3 D; B; C; B4-6 risk; search; false name;C7-8 C; B; D9-10 A; B;Mastery Test 2A1-2 B; A;B3-5 plain; conduct; modestC6-7 C; C; D8-10 D; D; B: Mastery Test 31-5 A; C; C; C ;
7、 B; 6-10 D; D; C; A; B;Mastery Test 41-5 C; C; A; B; D; 6-10 C; A; D; B; CMastery Test 5A: 1-5 C; D; C; A; C; B: (wording of answers may vary.)6 cut off; 7. give a false account of; misrepresent; twist; 8. come tetween; get involved; 9. required10 became more forgiving; gave inMastery Test 6 A: 1. E
8、 most common; 2. C stir up interest; 3. F uncontrolled; 4. I increased ; 5. B passedB6. I die ; 7. D deadly ; 8. F be forced to experience; 9. E give credit for; 10.J reducing2. Main ideasPractice 11. home cooking: Stake-out: Sways to eat dinner: Gfrozen foods: S2. hot and humid: Scold and rainy: Sc
9、loudy with scattered showers: Sweather forecasts: G3. oversleeping: Sbad habits: Govereating: Ssmoking: S4. traffic delays: Shead cold: Sbad coffee: Sminor problems: G5. communicating: Gwriting: Sreading: Sspeaking: S6. deadbolt locks: Salarm system: Sbarking dog: Skinds of security: G7. divorce: Sf
10、ailing grades: Smajor problems: Geviction: S8. not taking notes in class: Spoor study habits: Gmissing classes: Scramming for exams: S9. surprised: Stone of voice: Genthusiastic: Shumorous: S10.hurry up: Sget to bed: Scommands: Gclean up this mess: SPractice 2 Answers will vary. Practice 31. P S S S
11、 2. S S P S3. S S S P4. P S S S 5. S P S S Practice 41. S S P S 2. P S S S 3. S P S S4. S P S S 5. S S S PPractice 51. S S P S 2. S P S S 3. P S S S 4. S S S P5. P S S S Practice 6Group1 A. SD B. SD C. MI D. TGroup 2A. MI B. SD C. SD D. TGroup 3A. T B. SD C. SD D. MIGroup 4A. MI B. SD C. SD D. TGrou
12、p 5A. MI B. SD C. T D. SD Practice 7 (wording of topics may vary)1. Topic: StoriesMain idea: Sentence 12. Topic: ESPMain idea: Sentence 23. Topic: Hospices vs hospitalsMain idea: Sentence 24. Topic: Driving or Poor attitude about driving Main idea: Sentence 105. Topic: Environment and behaviorMain i
13、dea: Sentence 1Practice 81.1 2. 4 3. 2 4. 5 5. 1 Review Test 11. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. other sentences in the paragraphReview Test 2A. 1. a. S b. S c. S d. P2. a. S b. S c. P d. S B. 1. a. SD b. SD c. T d. MI2. a. SD b. SD c. T d. MIReview Test 31. 3 2. 1 3. 9 4. 2 5. 2Review Test 41. D 2. C 3. A 4. A
14、 5. C 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. AMastery Test 1A. 1. a. S b. P c. S d. S2. a. P b. S c. S d. S 3. a. S b. S c. S d. PB. 1. a. SD b. T c. SD d. MI2. a. MI b. SD c. d. SD Mastery Test 2A. 1. a. S b. P c. S d. S2. a. S b. S c. P d. S3. a. P b. S c. S d. SB. 1. a. SD b. SD c. d. MI2. a. MI b. c. .SD d. SD
15、 Mastery Test 31. 1 2. 2 3. 6 4. 1 5. 2Mastery Test 41. 3 2. 2 3. 1 4. 7 5. 2Mastery Test 51. 6 2. 4 3. 2 4. 1 5. 2 Mastery Test 61. 2. 2. 1 3. 2 4. 3 5. 11Unit 3. Supporting DetailsPractice 1. ( wording of answers may vary)1. Main idea: Parents can take several steps to discourage TV watching and e
16、ncourage reading.1. Have only one TV set, and place it in the family room.2. Connect reading with eating.3. Dont put a TV set in a childs bedroom.2. Main Idea: Colleges of the early nineteenth century were distinctly different from todays schools.1. students were mostly white males. Minor details: C
17、ollege was considered a final polishing for upper-class gentlemen.2. All students had to take the same courses. Minor details: They studied ancient languages, literature, natural science, mathematics, and political and moral philosophy.3. Colleges were small.Minor details: Most had only a few dozen
18、students, three or four professors, and three or four tutors.4. Student life was more regulated. Minor details: Strict curfews determined when students had to turn off lights, and attendance at religious services was required.Practice 2 ( Wording of answers may vary )1. Introduce yourselfRefer to ph
19、ysical settingAsk a complimentary questionSeek direct information2. Major detail: Smaller labor forceMinor detail: Milking machines use only one operator.Major detail; Higher milk outputMinor detail: American cows give 7.5 times more milk than Brazilian cows.Practice 31. C2. BPractice 4 ( Examples m
20、ay vary )1. Passive listeningtrying to make sense out of a speakers remarks without being able to interact with the speaker.ExStudents listen to an instructors lecture without having the chance to ask questions.2. Self-serving biasthe practice of judging ourselves leniently.ExWhen he lashes out angr
21、ily, we say hes moody. When we lash out angrily, we say were under pressure.Review Test 11. specificspecific 2. T 3. supporting details4. mapping 5. condenseReview Test 2A. Main idea: Several factors influence the justice systems treatment of criminals.1. Sex of offender affects severity of sentence
22、.b. Court more reluctant to send mother to prison than father 2. Race is another factora. Nonwhites awarded parole and probation less often .b. Blacks executed more often for capital crimes.3. a. Young offenders given special treatment.B. 8. C 9. C 10. BReview Test 3A. Main idea: Serious depression
23、has definite warning signs.1. Change in sleep patterns2. Abnormal eating patterns3. Trouble in thinking or concentrating4. General feeling of hopelessnessB. Main idea: There are three common ways that people deal with their feelings.1) withhold them2) Display them3) Describe themC. 10. CReview Test
24、41-5 : B; A; D; A; long interviews6-10 A. 1. Basic temperament the child is born with.2. Early emotional environmentB. 1. Authoritative 2. Authoritarian 3. PermissiveMastery Test 1A. Main idea: Divorce has serous negative consequences.1. a. Starting to date again can be nerve-racking.2. Emotional di
25、fficulties among original family members are common.a. Husband and wife feel guilt and resentment.3. Financial adjustments are necessary.a. Alimony, child support, and property disposal must be dealt with.B. 7. B 8. A 9. C10. They can undo complicated bolts on gates.Mastery Test 2A. 1.B; 2. D; 3. C;
26、 4. D; 5. C; 6.B; B. Main idea: Chimpanzees use objects in their environment as tools.1. Sticks to catch termites and steal honey.2. Leaves as drinking cups, for cleaning, and as spongers3. Stones to crack open nuts.Mastery Test 3. A. 1-6 A; B; A; D; B; AB. Main idea: Three types of human memory all
27、ow us to remove or keep information as needed.1. Sensory memory2. short-term memorystores about 7 items for about 30 seconds.3. Long-term memorystores enormous numbers of items for a long period.Mastery Test 4A . Main idea: Researchers have created a number of theories to explain the functions of sl
28、eep.1. Gives body time to repair brain cells and create chemical that makes brain think.2. Enables body to save energy3. Keeps people out of trouble.4. Reduces memoryB. 6. CC. 7-10 A; B; B; D; Mastery Test 5A. 1-5 B; D; A; B; C;B. Main idea: Experts in our country have suggested various purposes of
29、imprisonment.1) Punishnent2) Rehabilitation3) Deter crime4) Keep criminals off streetsMastery Test 6A. 1. a. 2) Informal and friendly atmosphere in the Senate b. Procedural differences1)House rulesmany and complex2)Senate rulesshort and simple2. Political outlook of membersa. Representatives concern
30、ed with local issuesB. Main idea: A number of conditions stimulate aggression.1) Pain2) Attacks 3) Crowding4. Implied Main idea/Central PointPractice 1Paragraph 1: 1 D 2A Paragraph 2: 3C 4B Paragraph 3: 5C 6BParagraph 4: 7D 8BPractice 21D 2B 3C 4CPractice 3 (Wording of answers may vary.)1. Topic: Re
31、asons for lyingImplied main idea: People tell lies for several reasons.2. Topic: Being an only childImplied main idea: Being an only child has its drawbacks.3. Topic: Opposition to capital punishmentImplied main idea: People have opposed the death penalty for different reasons.4. Topic: Growing olde
32、rImplied main idea: Growing older can make us better in many ways.Practice 4Central point: In fact, the days of a housewife in nineteenth-century America were spent in harsh physical labor. (Sentence 2)Practice 5Central point: However, excessive use of alcohol contributes to a number of negative soc
33、ial consequences. (Sentence 2)Review Test 11. implied 2. topic 3. support 4. central point 5. sometimesReview Test 2A. 1B 2A B. 3. Watching TV has several benefits. 4. Lower-class criminals tend to be treated more harshly by the justice system than higher-class criminals. (In all these tests, wordin
34、g of implied main ideas may vary.)Review Test 3A. 1B 2DB. 3. Several techniques can help you get a good nights sleep.C. 4. Sentence 6Review Test 41B 2C 3A 4A 5D 6A 7C 8A 9D 10BMastery Test 1A. 1C 2A 3DB. 4. Sentence 1Mastery Test 2A. 1C 2B 3DB. 4. Sentence 20Mastery Test 3A. 1A 2A 3DB. 4. Sentence 1
35、9Mastery Test 4A. 1D 2B B. 3. There are several positive ways to encourage your family to exercise more often.C. 4. Sentence 16Mastery Test 5A. 1D 2D B. 3. Experts have suggested several techniques for doing well on exams.C. 4. Sentence 3Mastery Test 6A. 1D 2B B. 3. Marriage is good for peoples phys
36、ical and mental health.C. 4. Sentence 10Unit 5 relationships IPractice 1 （Answers may vary）1also 2. For one thing 3. In addition 4. First 5 .FinallyPractice 2 (Answers may vary)1 After 2 Then 3 during 4 before 5 whilePractice 3 (Wording of answers may vary)A Main idea: For several reasons, pork was
37、Americas popular meat a hundred year ago.1 Pigs grew quickly 2 Pigs required little attention 3 Pigs could be preserved cheaplyB Main idea: aging process1 Our bodies simply wear out. 2 Our body chemistry loses its delicate balance 4 Our bodies, with age, reject some of their own tissues.Practice 4 (Wording of answers may vary)Main idea: The 1960s were a time of profound events in America.1. 1963 the assassination of President Kennedy 2 1965 urban riots in black ghettos
