1、【课堂演练】句子类型主要有简单句和复合句。小学阶段主要学简单句。简单句的句型有：陈述句（肯定句和否定句） 、疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句） 、祈使句。句型转换是小升初常考题，下面看看做这些题有何技巧。一、陈述句（肯定句 & 否定句）： 否定句：改写时我们遵循“有情态动词和 be 动词时，在情态动词和 be 动词后直接加 not，没有情态动词和 be 动词时，加入相应助动词的否定态并将谓语动词还原”的规则。1肯：I can swim. 否 I can not swim.2肯：I am a student. 否：I am not a student.当没有情态动词(_)和
2、 be 动词时，我们用相应的助动词帮助我们完成句子的否定含义。我们接触到的助动词有 do, does, did，也就是说我们要用他们的否定形式即 dont, doesnt, didnt, 来帮助我们完成否定句。不要忘了要将 dont, doesnt, didnt 后的谓语动词还原 。1. 肯：I like swimming. 否：I dont like swimming.2. 肯：She loves pets. 否：She doesnt love pets.3. 肯：I did my homework late yesterday. 否：I didnt do my homework late
3、yesterday.特别注意：如果肯定句中有 some，and 等这种只能用于肯定句的词汇时，在改否定句时，要把它们变为可以用在否定句中的 any 和 or 等。1. 肯：I will go and join them. 否：I will not go or join them.2. 肯：I like some bread. 否：I dont like any bread. 二、疑问句：（一）一般疑问句：一般疑问句问句的改写遵循“有情态动词和 be 动词时，将情态动词和 be 动词提前，没有情态动词和 be 动词时，句首加入相应助动词并将谓语动词还原”的规则。但是当主语是 I 时，要将其改为
4、you。1. 肯：I can swim. 否： 2. 肯：I am a student. 否： 在回答一般疑问句时，我们一般用 yes 和 no 来回答，并遵循“用什么提问用什么回答”的原则，所以关键就在于问句的第一个词，但是有的情态动词引出的一般疑问句根据其表达意思可以用不同的情态动词回答。1. They had a good time in the park last Sunday.(一般疑问句)_2. You can pick them up for me.（一般疑问句）_3. Ben and Jim often go home together after school.（一般疑问句）
5、_4. Jim lives near Ben.（一般疑问句）_5. My father often watches TV after supper.(一般疑问句 )_6. We often visit our friends at the weekends.(否定句 ) _（二）特殊疑问句：who 询问主格（人） ；what 询问物或干什么；whose 询问所有格“谁的” ；which 哪一个人或物；where 询问地点； when 询问时间；what time 询问较为具体的时间；why 询问原因；how 询问用方法，如何；how 还可以后接相应的形容词或副词询问其程度：how old 询问
6、年龄；how many 询问可数名词的量； how much 询问价格和不可数名词的量；how often 询问频率；how soon 询问还要多久才；how long 询问时间多久或某物体多长；how far 询问距离；how about 询问对于某个行为动作的意见；what about 询问对于某件事情或者物体的意见。牛刀小试：（一）按要求改写下列句子：1. Its Helens dress.（划线提问） _2. Those pots are Mr. Lis. （划线提问） _3. They live in the town with their parents.(划线提问) _4. My
7、 birthday is on the first of June.（划线提问）_5. It means “No littering”.（划线提问）_（二）选择：1. Excuse me, can you tell me is the way to the shopping hall?A. where B. which C. why D. who2. - _ got the 100th gold medal in the Olympics for China?- Zhang Yining.A. Who B. What C. When D. Where3. - _ are you talking
8、 about?- We are talking about the Asia Games in Guangzhou.A. What B. Where C. Why D. How（三）选择疑问句：选择疑问句提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择，选项之间用 or 连接。在形式上它很像一般疑问句，但是回答时我们要用肯定句而非 yes, no。例如：- Do you like sandwich or hamburger? - Id like a sandwich.（四）反义疑问句：反义疑问句要注意前肯后否，前否后肯的核心准则。如：He has a new bike. (改为反义疑问句)He has
9、a new bike, doesnt he ? 三、祈使句：祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等，其中谓语动词一律用原形而且句子中通常不用主语。（一）肯定的祈使句：（1）动词原形开头，例如：Stand up. 起立。 Be quiet, please. 请安静。（2）Let 引出的祈使句，例如：Lets play ball. 我们玩球吧。 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。如果要加人称，人称要用“， ”隔开，例如：Li Ming, come here. 李明，过来。（二）否定的祈使句：Dont + 动词原形，例如：Dont swim in the river. 别在河里游泳。 Dont
10、be late. 别迟到。练一练：1. Put the shoes next to the cupboard.（否定句）_2. Bill, come and chat with me.(否定句)_改为同义句：1. What date is it today? _the date today?2. Its time for breakfast. Its time _ _ breakfast.3. Whats the time? _ time is _?4. I would like a toy bike as my birthday present. I _ _ have a toy bike
11、as my birthday present.5. I was born on the fifth of December. _ _ _ on the fifth of Dec.四、其他改写要求：（一）单数改复数句型：单数改复数的句型，要求将句子里所有的单数词改为复数词，包括主语、谓语和宾语所含的词。如：She is a girl. They are girls.（二）改为同义句：要求改为同义的句型，要注意用填写部分换掉题目划线部分，要求能完整表达原意。如：Apples are my favorite fruit. I like apples best.【小升初真题实战演练】2007 年天河省
12、实四、句型转换：（每空 0.5 分，共 10 分）1. It is eight forty-five now. （同义句转换） It is a _ _ _ now.2. How much are the books and pens? (同义句转换)How much _ the books and pens _?3. 3020 = 600 （就划线部分提问） _ thirty _ twenty?4. The mew computer costs me 6000 yuan. （同义句转换）I _ 6000 yuan _ the new computer.5. My father goes to
13、work by bike. （就划线部分提问） _ _ your father _ to work?6. She is making kites now. （就划线部分提问） _ _ she _ now?7. Phoebe likes cheese cake best. （就划线部分提问）_ _ Phoebes _ food?8. This word means “地理”. (就划线部分提问) What _ this word _?华附奥校 2011 年六、句型转换。 （10 分）6. I am very busy now. (改为同义句) I am very busy _ _ _.7. Ka
14、te has lunch at school, _ _? (改为反意疑问句)8. He went to bed at eleven last night. (改为同义句)He _ _ to bed _ eleven last night.9. I like English best. (改为同义句 ) English is my _ _.2009 年广州小升初 16 民校联考七、按要求改写句子。 （10 分） 1. That is her knife.（改成复数） _ are _ _. 2. I jump higher than my brother.（同义句转换） My brother _
15、_ than me.3. We ate lots of delicious food last Spring Festival.（改为一般疑问句） _ you _ lots of delicious food last Spring Festival? 4. Lily likes spring best.（对划线部分提问） _ season _ Lily like best? 5. I picked oranges on the farm last week.（对划线部分提问） _ _ you _ oranges last week? 2007 年广州小升初 15 民校联考1. My watc
16、h is broken. （就划线部分提问）_ _ _ _ watch?2. Baby Bear looked in the bedroom. （就划线部分提问）_ _ Baby Bear _?3. He has a piece of bread for breakfast every day. （就划线部分提问）_ _ _ _ for breakfast every day?4. That bus is very old. （改为复数句） _ _ _ very old.5. I like the actor Paul Smith best. (改为同义句) _ _ actor is Paul
17、 Smith.6. Can I look at your new sofa? (改为同义句)Can I _ _ _ _ your new sofa?2010 年中大附中五、句型转换。按要求变换句子，每空只准填一个单词，缩写算一个单词。1. Andy had to wash clothes before five oclock. （改为一般疑问句）_ Andy _ to wash clothes before five oclock?2. My friends give me some birthday cards. （改为同一意思的句子）My friends _ some birthday c
18、ards _ me.3. They wont do gardening on Sunday morning. （改为肯定句）They _ _ gardening on Sunday morning.4. Rich seldom take s exercise in the school. （对划线部分提问）_ _ _ Rich _ exercise in the school?【巩固练习】1. John usually brushes his teeth before he goes to bed. (用 what 对划线部分提问)What _ John usually _ before he
19、 goes to bed.2. John and Victor often play sports at 3:30 in the afternoon. (用 when 对划线部分提问)When _ John and Victor often _ sports?3. They go to bed early. (改为一般疑问句) _ they _ to bed early?4. Are there any dogs in the park?(改为陈述句) _ _ _ dogs in the park.5. Do you have English class every morning?（做否定回
20、答 _, _ _.6. Mary is taller than Lily.(改为同义句) Lily _ _ than Mary.7. There are three stops. (对划线部分提问 ) _ _ stops are there?8. Mike does well in English. （改为否定句） Mike _ _ well in English.9. Su Hai and Su Yang look the same.(改为一般疑问句)_ Su Hai and Su Yang _ the same?10. Terry is heavier than Crystal. (对划线
21、部分提问) _ _ heavier than Crystal?11. They studied at Guangzhou International school.(改为一般疑问句)_ they _ at Guangzhou International school?12. There is some water in the bottle.(改为一般疑问句) _ there _ water in the bottle?13. There is nothing wrong, _ _? (反意疑问句)14. Anny is 1.45 meters tall. Crystal is 1.48 me
22、ters tall.(把句子改写成一句)Anny is _ _ Crystal.15. Mrs. Smith is busy now. She is doing her housework at home. (把句子改写成一句)Mrs. Smith is _ _ her housework at home.16. Water the young tree often, or it will die. (改为同义句)_ you dont water the young tree often, it will be _.17. The TV play is really wonderful. (改
23、为感叹句) _ _ the TV play is!18. Tom wont visit the farm. Hell stay at home. (改为同义句)Tom will stay at home instead of _ the farm.19. Li Qing is good at running.(同义转换) Li Qing _ _ _ running.20. I usually wash my clothes after I take a bath.(改为第三人称单数)He usually _ his clothes after he _ a bath.21. Jack is t
24、he tallest boy in our class.（同义转换） Jack is taller than _ other _ in our class. 22. There are some old sheep on the farm.（改为单数句） There is _ old _ on the farm.23. “When do you have your art lessons?” Mum asked me.（改写句子，句意不变）Mum asked me art lessons.24. This is my box. (改为复数形式) are our .25. Read more b
25、ooks, and you will get more knowledge.（改写句子，句意不变）The you read, the you will get.26. You had better tell him the news. （改为否定句） You had better _ _ him the news.27. Its raining very heavily.(改写为感叹句) _ _ it is raining!28. The Yellow river is 5,464 kilometres long. (对画线部分提问) is the Yellow River?29. It to
26、ok Mary two weeks to prepare for the exam. (同义转换)Mary _ two weeks _ for the exam.30. How tall the boy is! （用 what 改写句子） （广外外校 2011 年）_ _ tall boy he is!【课后作业】1. My brother bought some CDs yesterday. (改为否定句)My brother _ _ _ CDs yesterday.2. He comes from Beijing.(同义转换) He _ _ Beijing.3. We need five
27、eggs for soup.(就划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ you need for the soup?4. My mother is a teacher.(就划线部分提问) _ _ your mother _?5. The boy is tall. (改为感叹句 ) _ _ _ he is!6. She is too young to take care of her mother. (改为同义句)She is too young to _ _ her mother.7. Chen Fei is always late for school.(改为否定句) Chen Fei is _ l
28、ate for class.8. “Dont play football on your way home,“ the teacher said.（同义句转换）The teacher told us _ to play football on your way home.9. I dont think his father knows English. (写出反义疑问句) His father hardly knows English, _ he?10. I write to my aunt twice a month. （对划线部分提问） _ _ do you write to your aunt?11. My uncle got to Guangzhou last night.（同义句转换）My uncle _ in Guangzhou last night.
