小学数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案卷).doc

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1、1小学数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案卷)一、归类练习:3.290.732.27 3.290.732.27 7.52.57.52.5=3.29(0.732.27) =3.29(0.732.27) =(7.57.5)(2.52.5)=3.293 =3.293 =05=6.29 =0.29 =5(加法结合律) (减法的性质) (同级运算交换)7.3253.293.325 7.325(5.3251.7) 7.325(5.3251.7) =7.3253.3253.29 =7.3255.3251.7 =7.3255.3251.7=43.29 =21.7 =21.7=0.71 =0.3 =3.7(减法交换

2、) (减法的性质) (前面减号,脱括号变符号)3.290.732.292.27 3.290.254 0.1258.8 =(3.292.29)(0.732.27) =3.29(0.254) =0.12581.1=13 =3.291 =11.1=4 =3.29 =1.1(同级运算交换) (乘法结合律) (先拆数,乘法结合律)0.250.28 0.1253.22.5 3510.2=0.2540.07 =(0.1258)(0.42.5) =35(100.2)=10.07 =11 =3510350.2=0.07 =1 =3507(先拆数,乘法结合律) (拆数,乘法结合律) =357 (拆数,乘法分配律)

3、0.2540.254 3.59.9 3.5993.5 =(0.250.25)(44) =3.5(100.1) =3.5(991)=116 =3.5103.50.1 =3.5100=16 =350.35 =350(同级运算交换) =34.65 (乘法分配律)(拆数,乘法分配律)3.51013.5 3.59.93.50.1 3.52.7350.73=3.5(1011) =3.5(9.90.1) =3.52.73.57.3=3.5100 =3.510 =3.5(2.77.3)=350 =35 =3.510(乘法分配律) (乘法分配律) =35(先利用积不变的规律转化,然后再用乘法分配律)23.52.

4、73.50.7 (325.6)0.8 3.50.60.50.6=3.5(2.70.7) =320.85.60.8 =(3.50.5)0.6=3.52 =407 =30.6=7 =47 =5(乘法分配律) (后两题类似分配律,但只适用于(ab)c和(ab)c,而 a(bc)和 a(bc)不能用。)4.91.4 70.254 70.125 =4.9(70.2) =7(0.254) =78=4.970.2 =71 =56=0.70.2 =7 (乘除法转化规律,转化时=3.5 符号相反,转化前后的 2数(拆数,除法的性质) (除法的性质) 相乘得 1。)7.35(7.350.25) 7.35(7.35

5、0.25) =7.357.350.25 =7.357.350.25=10.25 =10.25=4 =0.25 (除法的性质) (前面是除号,脱括号符号相反)二、混合练习: 3.070.381.62 1.293.72.716.3 82.451.55=3.07(0.381.62) =(1.292.71)(3.76.3) =8(2.451.55)=3.072 =410 =84=1.07 =14 =4(减法的性质) (加法交换律和加法结合律) (减法的性质)3.251.790.591.75 23.40.813.47.2 0.32403=(3.251.75)(1.790.59) =(23.413.4)0

6、.87.2 =0.32(400+3)=51.2 =10(0.87.2) =0.324000.323=6.2 =108 =1280.96(同级运算交换) =2 =128.96(减法交换和减法的性质) (拆数,乘法分配律)3.20.364.81.64 1.233.40.236.6 0.2536=(3.24.8)(0.361.64) =(1.230.23)(3.46.6) =0.2549=82 =110 =19=10 =11 =9(加法交换律和加法结合律) (同级运算交换) (拆数,乘法结合律)312.7(3.70.84) 36.541.764.54 0.250.734=12.73.70.84 =3

7、6.544.54 1.76 =0.2540.73=90.84 =321.76 =10.73=8.14 =30.24 =0.73(减法的性质) (减法交换) (乘法交换律和乘法结合律)7.60.80.27.6 0.85199 0.258.54 =7.6(0.80.2) =0.85(2001) =0.2548.5=7.61 =0.852000.851 =18.5=7.6 =170-0.85 =8.5(乘法分配律) =169.15 (乘法交换律和乘法分配律)(拆数,乘法分配律)1.288.60.728.6 12.50.960.8 10.49.60.35=(1.280.72)8.6 =12.50.80

8、.96 =10.43.36=28.6 =100.96 =7.04=17.2 =9.6 (无简算)(乘法分配律) (乘法交换律和乘法结合律)0.8(4.31.25) 3.123.1299 28.610128.6=0.81.254.3 =3.12(199) =28.6(1011)=11.25 =3.12100 =28.6100=1.25 =312 =2860(乘法交换律和乘法结合律) (乘法分配律) (乘法分配律)(4.236.17)0.8 0.8615.70.8614.7 2.4102=10.40.8 =0.86(15.714.7) = 2.4(1002)=8.32 =0.861 =2.4100

9、2.42(无简算) =0.86 =2404.8(乘法分配律) =244.8(拆数,乘法分配律)147.322.68 2.648.677.3611.33 2.311.20.5=14(7.322.68) =(2.647.36)(8.6711.33) =2.31(1.20.5)=1410 =1020 =2.310.6=4 =30 =1.386(减法的性质) (加法交换律和加法结合律) (乘法结合律)(2.50.25)0.4 9.161.50.59.16 3.63.60.5=2.50.40.250.4 =9.16(1.50.5) =3.6(10.5)=10.1 =9.161 =3.60.5 (可转化成

10、 3.62)=0.9 =9.16 =1.8(乘法分配律) (乘法分配律) (乘法分配律)44.51.8 9300.65 63.42.50.4 4.252.59.90.17=4.5(90.2) =930(0.65) =63.4(2.50.4) =1.79.91.70.1=4.590.2 =9303 =63.41 =1.7(9.90.1)=0.50.2 =310 =63.4 =1.710=2.5 (除法的性质) (除法的性质) =17(拆数,除法的性质) (前半部分死算,后半部分利用积不变的规律转化,最后用乘法分配律。)3.9(1.35) (7.71.54)0.7 2.52.4 2.745=3.9

11、1.35 =7.70.71.540.7 =2.540.6 =2.7(95)=35 =112.2 =100.6 =2.795 =0.6 =13.2 =6 =0.35(除法的性质) (相当于分配律) (拆数,乘法结合律) =0.06(拆数,除法的性质)0.351.2520.8 32.40.90.132.4 150.25 15(0.150.4)=(0.352)(1.250.8) =32.4(0.90.1) =15(50.05) =150.150.4=0.71 =32.41 =1550.05 =1000.4=0.7 =32.4 =30.05 =250(乘法交换律和乘法结合律) (乘法分配律) (拆数,除法的性质) =60(除法的性质)

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