1、语法填空短文改错组合练(四)题组(一).语法填空(2017四川成都高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测)Over 2,200 years ago, Chengdu was threatened by frequent floods. Li Bing, together with his son, decided to construct an irrigation system on the Minjiang River _1_ (prevent) flooding. _2_ having a long study and a lot of hard work by the local people,
2、the great Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed. Since then, the Chengdu Plain _3_ (be) free of flooding and the people have been living peacefully and wealthily.It is the _4_ (old) and only surviving nodam irrigation system in the world. It is also _5_ wonder in the development of Chinese scie
3、nce. The project consists of three important parts, namely Yuzui, Feishayan and Baopingkou, which were _6_ (science) designed to control the water flow of the rivers throughout the year.There is a glorious bridge called the Anlan Cable Bridge crossing the Minjiang River above Yuzui, _7_ you can clea
4、rly see the entire system. The great _8_ (construct) originally started before the Song Dynasty. At that time, the body of the bridge was constructed with wooden blocks and the handrails (扶手) were made of bamboo. Recently the wood and bamboo have been replaced with steel and concrete to guarantee th
5、e security of _9_ (visit) from home and abroad. Seen from afar, the bridge looks like a rainbow _10_ (hang) over the river.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成都都江堰水利工程的建造过程、世界地位、 历史价值以及该工程的现状。【段意梳理】第一段：为阻止成都遭受洪水侵扰，李冰父子决定修建都江堰水利工程。第二段：都江堰水利工程的世界地位和历史意义。第三段：安澜索桥横跨岷江，在那里可以看到都江堰水利工程的全貌。1解析：to prevent 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，李冰和
6、他的儿子在岷江设计灌溉系统的目的是阻止洪水在成都泛滥，故此处应用动词不定式表示目的。2解析：After 考查 介词。在 经过长期调研和地方群众的艰苦工作之后，都江堰水利工程完工。after 意为“在之后” ，符合语境。3解析：has been 考查时态。句意：从那 时起，成都平原不再受洪水侵扰，人 们过着和平、富裕的生活。根据该句中的“Since then”及“have been”可知，该句应用现在完成时 。4解析：oldest 考查形容词最高级。根据该句中的 the 和“in the world”可知，都江堰水利工程是世界上现存最古老的无坝水利工程，故用最高级。5解析：a 考查不定冠词。句意
7、：它也是中国科学发展历史上的一个奇迹。这里泛指“一个奇迹” ，故用不定冠词。6解析：scientifically 考查副词。空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。7解析：where 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where 引导该定语从句。8解析：construction 考查名词。根据空前的形容 词“great ”可以判断，空处被形容词修饰，故用名词形式。9解析：visitors 考查名词的数。这里指“ 保证国内外游客的安全” ，故用名 词的复数形式。10解析：hanging 考查非谓语动词。句意：从 远处看， 这座桥就像是悬挂在江上方的彩虹。
8、空处与 rainbow 存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。.短文改错(2017重庆二模 )Alice, my best friend, devotes many energy to her lessons. She is always one of the top student in our class. She loves the music so much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time. Alice is always willing to help other, and she often helps
9、 us with our lessons. As a volunteer, she has successful organized some voluntary activities. We paid a visit a nursing home last month, so we picked up rubbish near our school. That we did was warmly welcomed. Win honor for our school, Alice is well known to our classmates.答案：Alice, my best friend,
10、 devotes energy to her lessons. She is manymuchalways one of the top in our class. She loves music so much studentstudents thethat she it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time. Alice is always mademakeswilling to help ， and she often helps us with our lessons. As a otherothersvolunteer, she has or
11、ganized some voluntary activities. We successfulsuccessfullypaid a visit a nursing home last month, we picked up rubbish to soandnear our school. we did was warmly welcomed. honor for ThatWhat WinWinningour school, Alice is well known to our classmates.第一处：many much energy 作“精力；活力”之意时，为不可数名词，应用 much
12、 修饰；many 用于修饰可数名词复数。故将many 改为 much。第二处：studentstudents student 为可数名词，其前有 one of.，表示“之一” ，因此，此处应用复数形式。故将 student 改为students。第三处：删除 the music 为抽象名词，此处表泛指 ，其前不加定冠词。故将 the 删除 。第四处：mademakes 根据 in her spare time 可知，此处描述的是通常情况，故用一般现在时，与前面的 She loves 时态一致。故将 made 改为 makes。第五处：otherothers 根据下文 she often hel
13、ps us with our lessons 可知 ，艾丽斯总是乐于帮助其他人，应用代词 others。故将other 改为 others。第六处：successful successfully 分析句子结构可知，organized 为动词，故用副词修饰。故将 successful 改为successfully。第七处：在 visit 后加 to pay a visit to. 为固定搭配，意为“拜访” 。故在 visit 后加 to。第八处：soand 根据语境，上个月我们做了两件事， “去了疗养院”及“在学校附近捡垃圾” ，不存在因果关系，两者之间是并列关系，应用连词 and 连接。故将
14、so 改为 and。第九处：ThatWhat 分析句子结构可知，此处是主语从句，从句中谓语动词 did 之后缺宾语，故用 what 引导该从句，意为“我们做的事受到了热烈的欢迎” 。故将 That 改为 What。第十处：Win Winning 分析句子结构可知，主语为 Alice, is为谓语，故此处应用非谓语动词形式，又由于 Alice 与 win 之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此，应用现在分词作状语。故将 Win 改为Winning。题组(二).语法填空(2017河北石家庄高三复习教学质量检测二)Felicity, Miller, a 32yearold British woman, _1_
15、 has a Chinese husband, still remembers the _2_ (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015. She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese familys group. The rule in her family was that the person who grabbed the _3_ (high) amount sent the next.Attracted
16、 by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners _4_ (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far. Usually, the money in each packet is random. Thus the amount of money one can grab _5_ (large) depends on his or her luck, from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan. Many foreigners get more famili
17、ar _6_ Chinese culture through “red packets”. Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the _7_ (hide) meanings. Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesnt stop people s
18、ending paper red packets _8_ (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival. It _9_ (call) lucky money. In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as _10_ blessing.【解题导语】 许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。但是真正的纸质红包并未被替代，在春节时人们给孩子压岁钱以表示对孩子的祝福。1解析：who 考查定语从句。分析本句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为 a
19、 32yearold British woman，故用 who 引导该定语从句。2解析：excitement 考查名词。根据空前的定冠词 the 可知，空处用名词形式。3解析：highest 考查最高级。根据 语境并结合常识可知，抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包，故用最高级。4解析：have joined 考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“so far”可知，到目前为止，已经有许多外国人被 “微信红包”这一特殊的交流方式吸引，并参与了抢红包和发红包。据此可知，本句用现在完成时。5解析：largely 考查副词。空处修饰动词短语“depends on”，故用副词形式。6解析：with 考查固定搭配
20、。许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。get familiar with 为固定搭配，意为“熟悉” 。7解析：hidden 考查形容词。Felieity Miller 不知道这两个数字后的隐藏意义。根据空前的冠词 the 和空后的名词 meanings 可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填 hidden。8解析：containing 考查现在分词。paper red packets 和动词contain 之间是主谓关系且 contain 与句子谓语之间无连词，故用现在分词短语作名词 paper red packets 的后置定语。9解析：is called 考 查动词的时态和语态。这种纸质
21、的红包被称为“压岁钱” 。根据句意可知，主语 It 和动词 call 之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；本句陈述的是一般现象，故用一般现在时。10解析：a 考查不定冠词。人们将给孩子压岁钱作为一种祝福。此处泛指 “一种祝福” ，故用不定冠词。.短文改错(2017烟台诊断 )Li Ming is a friend of mine. Im glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before. He got tired so easy that he cou
22、ldnt take exercise, that made him very upset. Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing. So he made up his minds to make a change. He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less mea
23、t. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.答案：Li Ming is a friend of mine. Im glad he changed greatly in the haspast two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat t
24、wo years . He beforeagogot tired so that he couldnt take exercise, easyeasily thatwhich或 在 that前 加 andmade him very upset. Later, he realized he went on like that, he unlessifwould end up nothing. So he made up his to make a achieveachieving mindsmindchange. He went running every morning and played
25、basketball every theafternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables less meat. orandGradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome with itthemgreat determination and strong willpower.第一处：在 changed 前加 has 根据时间状语
26、in the past two years(在过去的两年里)可知，此处表示从过去开始发生的动作，并对现在造成了影响。因此，应用现在完成时。故在 changed 前加has。第二处：beforeago 根据上下文可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情， “时间段ago ”表示“以前” ， 与一般过去时连用。故将before 改为 ago。before 表示“(时间上)在 以前” ，常用于时间状语之前。第三处：easyeasily easy 是形容词，但此处用于修饰动词短语 got tired，应用副词。故将 easy 改为 easily。第四处：thatwhich 或在 that 前加 and 分析句子结
27、构得知，本句中的逗号后要么是一个非限制性定语从句，要么是 and 连接的并列分句。如果是非限制性定语从句，则不能用 that 引导，先行词为前面一整句话，应用 which 引导该从句；此处也可看作两个并列分句，that 为代词，两者之间为并列关系， 应用连词 and 连接。故将 that 改为 which 或在 that 前加 and。第五处：unlessif he went on like that(他继续像那样)是 he would end up. nothing 的条件，因此应用 if 引导条件状语从句。故将 unless 改为 if。第六处：achieve achieving end
28、up 为固定搭配，意为“以告终” ，up 是介词，后接名词或动名词，故将 achieve 改为achieving。第七处：mindsmind make up ones mind 为固定搭配，意为“下定决心做某事” ，其中 mind 是抽象名词 ，不用复数形式。故将minds 改为 mind。第八处：删除 the basketball 为表示球类的名词，其前不加定冠词。故删除 the。第九处：orand more vegetables 和 less meat 之间是并列关系，而不是选择关系，因此，应用连词 and 连接 。故将 or 改为 and。第十处：itthem overcome(战胜)后
29、的代词指代前面提到的problems， 为复数形式 ，故将 it 改为 them。题组(三).语法填空(2017东北三校二模 )Over the past years Starbucks coffee _1_ (become) a coffee chain store. The cafes dont sell coffee; they sell _2_ very atmosphere. They offer customers the perfect atmosphere _3_ which to take time out and relax. Every single store thro
30、ughout the world is furnished in a romantic style and _4_ (special) meant to be cozy, private and quiet: earthtoned (褐色调 ) space, fancy wall paper, lovely paintings, _5_ (amaze) background and irresistible coffee smell. The most fantastic decoration style about Starbucks _6_ (design) with oversized
31、chairs and tables outside the store. When _7_ comes to a sunny afternoon, I love to take a seat outside, _8_ (bathe) in the afternoon sunshine, and listening to the lovely music _9_ tasting the most terrific Cappuccino. This is exactly what I love in here the Starbucks! This is the cafe I love not m
32、erely because of the cafe itself, but also because of the _10_ (feel) it brings me.【文章大意】 本文给我们介绍了星巴克咖啡连锁店的一些情况。1解析：has become 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“Over the past years”可知，应用现在完成时。故填 has become。2解析：the 考查固定用法。the very 意为“正是，就是” ，为固定用法。故填 the。3解析：in 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是“atmosphere ”，在从句中作状语，应用 inwhich
33、。故填 in。4解析：specially 考查词性转换。修饰动词 短语“meant to be cozy.”，应用副词 specially。5解析：amazing 考查词性转换。修饰名词“background” ，应用形容词 amazing。6解析：is designed 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空格处 是谓语动词，文章的主体时态是一般现在时，且主语“The most fantastic decoration style”与 design 是被 动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 is designed。7解析：it 考查固定句型。本句考查的是固定句型 when it co
34、mes to.“当谈到 的时候” 。故填 it。8解析：bathed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处是非谓语动词；且 be bathed in 为固定搭配，意 为“沐浴于，被笼罩” ，作非谓语动词时省略 be 动词。故填 bathed。9解析：while/when 考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候” 。故用 when/while。10解析：feeling 考查词性转换。定冠词 the 后应修饰名词，故用 feeling。.短文改错(2017山西考前适应性测试)The person who touched me most is an unknown
35、 lady. I study in a city school but lives in a village 15 kilometers away. One afternoon, I receive a call from my family saying my mom was serious ill. I hurried to the bus station, only find the last bus had left. Feel anxious, I decided to walk home. On the way a car stopped and the driver asked
36、me that I needed help. Worried about being cheated, I said anything. But she was such sincere that I finally accepted her offer. When we reached my village, it was dark. Seeing her car out of the sight, I was in tear. Whenever I think of her, I always feel grateful.答案：The person who touched me most
37、is an unknown lady. I study in a city school but in a village 15 kilometers away. One afternoon, I liveslivea call from my family saying my mom was ill. I receivereceived seriousseriouslyhurried to the bus station, only find the last bus had left. to FeelFeelinganxious, I decided to walk home. On th
38、e way a car stopped and the driver asked me I needed help. Worried about being cheated, I said thatif/whether. But she was sincere that I finally accepted her offer. When anythingnothing suchsowe reached my village, it was dark. Seeing her car out of sight, I was thein . Whenever I think of her, I a
39、lways feel grateful.teartears第一处：liveslive 此句的主语是 I，为第一人称，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词不能使用第三人称单数。故将 lives 改为 live。第二处：receivereceived 根据时间状语 One afternoon，再结合本句及下文可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，因此需用一般过去时。故将 receive 改为 received。第三处：seriousseriously 根据句意，妈妈病得很重，ill 为形容词，需用副词修饰。故将 serious 改为 seriously。第四处：在 only 后加 to 句意为：我急忙赶到车站，却
40、发现最后一班车已经开走了。 “only不定式”在句中作状语，表示出乎意料的结果。故在 only 后加 to。【刷有所得易混】 现在分词也可作状语，但表示自然而然的结果。第五处：Feel Feeling 句中已有谓语动词 decided，因此，feel应用非谓语动词形式；feel 与其逻辑主语 I 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故将 Feel 改为 Feeling。第六处：thatif/whether 根据语境，车停下来，司机问“我”是否需要帮助，故应用 if/whether 引导宾语从句，作 ask 的宾语。that 引导名词性从句时，只起连接作用，无意义 。第七处：anythingnothi
41、ng 根据上文内容可知，作者担心被骗，所以应该是不说话。故将 anything 改为 nothing。第八处：suchso 句意为：但是她如此真诚，我最终接受了她的帮助。sincere 意为“真诚的” ，为形容词，须用 so 修饰，而such 应该修饰名词。故将 such 改为 so。第九处：删除 the out of sight 是固定短语，意为“看不见；在视线范围之外” ，sight 前不加冠词。故将 the 删除。第十处：tear tears in tears 为固定短语，意为“流着泪；含着眼泪” 。题组(四).语法填空(2017甘肃第一次诊断)Nowadays, more and mo
42、re people have chances to travel, study, work or even live abroad. It is necessary for you to keep in mind these general _1_ (rule) for polite behavior.If you _2_ (invite) to an American friends home for dinner, first of all, arrive approximately on time (but not early). Americans expect promptness
43、(准时)When youre invited to someones home for a meal, _3_ is polite to bring a small gift. Flowers or candies are always appropriate. If you have an attractive item _4_ (make) in your native country, your host or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift.Wearing proper clothes and a beaut
44、iful smile is simply not enough. Table manners are also of great _5_ (important). Do not open your mouth to talk, _6_ you have swallowed your food. Also, chew food with your mouth _7_ (close). When you want to get the food that is at a distance, do not stretch your hands to reach _8_ it. Instead, as
45、k for the food to be passed to you.Dont leave _9_ (immediate) after dinner, but dont overstay your welcome, either. When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation, take their behavior as a signal to leave. The next day, call or write _10_ thankyou note to say how much you
46、 enjoyed the evening.体裁：说明文 题材：社会文化 主题：风俗礼仪【语篇导读】 如今，人们有越来越多的机会出国旅游、学习甚至定居。本文以在美国被邀请去别人家做客时应该注意的一些( 餐桌)礼仪为例，向我们介绍了在异国他乡和外国人接触时应注意的一些规则。1解析：rules 考查名词单复数。rule 为可数名词，前有 these修饰，所以用复数形式。故填 rules。句意为： 为了举止礼貌，你很有必要记住这些一般规则。2解析：are invited 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：如果你被邀请去一个美国朋友的家里共进晚餐，首先你要准时到达( 但是不要早到) 。本文介绍的是客观情况，
47、且根据主句 为一般现在时可知，从句也应用一般现在时；you 与 invite 之间为被动关系，即“你被邀请” ，应用被动语态。故填 are invited。3解析：it 考查代词。句意为：当你被邀请去某人家里用餐时，带一个小礼物是很有礼貌的。设空处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语 to bring a small gift。故填 it。【测训诊断】 本题易误填 this 或 that，用于指代，但此处缺乏形式主语，而 this 或 that 不能用作形式主语。4解析：made 考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果你带了一件在你的祖国制造的漂亮的礼品，男主人或女主人一定会喜欢收到这个礼物。If 引 导 的是一个状 语从句，且从句中已有谓语动词 have，因此，make应用非谓语动词形式；item 和 make 之间是被 动关系，所以用过去分
