1、可数名词单数变复数规律：1、词尾直接加 s 型：students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers2、以 s、x、 sh、ch 结尾的名词加 es 型：glasses, boxes, brushes, matches3、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i 加 es 型：city-cities, baby-babies4、以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词，直接加 s: boys, toys5、以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，多数变 f 为 v 加 es: wives, knives, thief, life, half, leaf, shelf, w
2、olf, 除了 roof6、以 o 结尾的名词，一般直接加 s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos；除了 5 个特殊的词需要加 es: Negroes, heroes, potatoes, tomatoes，mangoes.( 黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿：薯条蘸番茄酱;最后再吃点芒果 )7、不规则变化的词： foot feet, goose geese, tooth teeth,man men, woman women, sheep sheep, deer deer, ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese，child children,mous
3、e mice. 不规则变化要特别记，oo 常常变 ee, footfeet 是一例 ;男人、女人 a 改 e, womanwomen 是一例;child 复数 children 要记准，中、日、鹿、绵羊无变化，单数、复数是一家。 第三人称单数（他，她，它）是除了你、我，还有复数以外（他们，她们，它们）的人称。47|同学们，快来看看自己做的怎么样吧！写出下列名词的复数形式：I this that watch child photo diary(日记 ) day(天)foot book dress(连衣裙) tooth sheep box strawberrywolf peach yo-yo(悠悠
4、球) sandwich man womanpaper water juice tea mouseThere are 56 (people)in China.答案：we these those watch es children photos diaries days feet books dresses teeth sheep boxes strawberries wolves peaches yo-yos(悠悠球是“ 无生命”的，另外含有-符号的词是一个词，因此在结尾加 s) sandwiches men women paper water juice tea mice peoples(这句
5、话的意思是-“中国有 56 个民族”) 评论 小学英语肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的详解一、be 动词：am, is, are二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义1肯定句：表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定词“不” 。比如：我是一个学生 I am a student.他去上学 He goes to school.2否定句：表示否定的意思。比如：我不是一个男孩。 I am not a boy他不去上学 He does not go to school.3. 一般疑问句：回答为“是 yes”或者“否 no”的问句。比如：你是一个学生吗？ Are you a student?你喜欢英
6、语吗？ Do you like English?4. 特殊疑问句：回答不是“是 yes”或者“否 no”的问句，根据提问内容具体回答。比如：现在几点了？ Whats the time?哪一支笔是你的？ Which is your pen?三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换有 am, is, are 的句子，肯定句变否定句：在 am, is, are 后面加上 not,其余按顺序照抄。肯定句变一般疑问句：把 am, is, are 提前放到句首并大写 Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分 3 步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑
7、问词代替划线部分第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。注意：1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是，如果问的是主语或主语的定语时，语序不变，为“ 特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句 “。如：Li ming s not here today. Whos not here today? 今天谁没来？2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。when 什么时间（问时间） what date 什么日期 问具体日期who 谁（问人） what place 什么地点问具体地址whose 谁的 问主人 how 怎么样问情况where 在哪里 问地点 how old 多大 问年龄which 哪一个
8、问选择 how many 多少 问数量why 为什么 问原因 how much 多少 问价钱what 什么 问东西 how about 怎么样问意见what time 什么时间 问时间 how far 多远 问路程what colour 什么颜色问颜色 how long 多长 问时间what about怎么样问意见 How soon 多快，多久 问时间what day 星期几 问星期 How often 多久问频率肯定句变为否定句时应注意的特殊情况 肯定句变为否定句时，通常必须在句中加上副词 not 。可是对有些特殊的情况我们还必须加以注意，现根据初中英语教材对这些特殊情况说明如下： 1. 如
9、果肯定句中有连词 and ，变为否定句时，通常要将 and 变为 or 。例如： The girl can sing and dance. The girl cannot sing or dance. The boy has father and mother. The boy has no father or mother. （或 The boy has not any father or mother. ） 2. 如果肯定句中 some ，变为否定句时， some 一般要改为 any 。例如： There are some boys in the room. There are not a
10、ny boys in the room. 3. 如果肯定句中有 too （也） ，变为否定句时，应将 too 改为 either 。例如： Wang Ling is a teacher, too. Wang Ling is not a teacher, either. 4. 如果肯定句中有 already ，变为否定句时，应将 already 改为 yet ，并放在句末。例如： The worker has finished his work already. The worker has not finished his work yet. 5. 如果肯定句中有“ had better ”，
11、变为否定句时， not 要放在“ had better ”之后。例如： You had better write to your teacher. You had better not write to your teacher. 6. 如果肯定句中有 always ，变为否定句时，要将 always 改为 never 。例如： She always goes to school at seven oclock. She never goes to school at seven oclock. 7. 如果肯定句中有 both ，变为否定句时，要将 both 改为 neither 。例如： B
12、oth of us know English. Neither of us knows English. 8. 如果肯定句中有 all ，变为否定句时，要将 all 改为 none 。例如： All of these books are yours. None of these books are ( is ) yours. 9. 如果肯定句中有 everybody ，变为否定句时，要将 everybody 改为 nobody 。例如：Everybody has read the book. Nobody has read the book. 10. 如果肯定句中有 everything ，变
13、为否定句时，要将 everything 改为 nothing 。例如：Everything is difficult for us. Nothing is difficult for us. 11. 如果肯定句中有情态动词 must ，变为否定句时，其变化要按 must 在句中的确切含意而定。如表示“不必” 时，用“ need not ( neednt ) ”；如表示 “不准，不应是” 时，则用“ must not ( mustnt ) ”。例如： You must finish your work this afternoon. You neednd finish your work thi
14、s afternoon. The car must be parked here. The car mustnt be parked here. 12. 在谓语动词为 think, believe 等后面接宾语从句时，习惯上将从句中的否定形式转移到主句的谓语部分中去。例如： I think that my sister will be back soon. I dont think that my sister will be back soon. I belive that he will go to school tomorrow. I dont belive that he will g
15、o to school tomorrow. 例如：1 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的互换肯定句：This is a book.否定句：This is not a book.一般疑问句：Is this a book?肯定回答：Yes, it is.否定回答：No, it isnt.2 就划线部分提问(变特殊疑问句 )This is a book.第一步：变一般疑问句 Is this a book?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。What is this?没有 am, is, are 的句子，肯定句变否定句
16、：在主语后面加上 do not 或者 does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形肯定句变一般疑问句：在句首加 do 或者 does 并大写,其余照抄。注意：动词用原形肯定句变特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）：分 3 步骤第一步：先变一般疑问句第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。注意：1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是，如果问的是主语或主语的定语时，语序不变，为“特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句“。 2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。非单三时用 do, 单三时用 does非单三 肯定句：I like English.一般疑问句：Do y
17、ou like English?否定句：I do not like English.单三 肯定句：He likes English.一般疑问句：Does he like English?否定句：He does not like English.就划线部分提问：I like English.第一步：先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?第二步：找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分 Do you like what?第三步：特殊疑问词提前放到句首，并大写，其余按顺序照抄，省略划线部分。What do you like?特殊：1.some 变为 any。如： There are some
18、 birds in the tree.There arent any birds in the tree.但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some 可以不变。如： Would you like some orange juice?与此相关的一些不定代词如 something, somebody 等也要进行相应变化。 2.and 变为 or。如： I have a knife and a ruler.I dont have a knife or a ruler.3.a lot of (=lots of)变为 many 或 much。如： They have a lot of friends.
19、（可数名词）They dont have many friends.There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可数名词） There isnt much orange in the bottle.4.already 变为 yet。如： I have been there already.I havent been there yet.一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ br
20、ush_do_ teach_二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Who
21、se dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they? 11. That _ my red skirt. 12. Who _ I? 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14.Here _ a scarf for you. 15. Here _ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea _ in th
22、e glass. 20. Gao Shans shirt _ over there. 21. My sisters name _Nancy. 22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. 23. _ David and Helen from England? 24. There _ a girl in the room. 25. There _ some apples on the tree. 26. _ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. The
23、re _ some bread on the plate. 29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I _ from China.三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. David and Tom _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Mike _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(li
24、ke) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13.
25、My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. Wh
26、at day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.四、按照要求改写句子1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答 )_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答 )_4. Helen likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否
27、定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上 )1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after c
28、lass. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _六、一般现在时翻译练习 1.我们每天七点钟上学。 We _ _ _ at seven oclock _ _.2.教室有一些学生。 There _ _ _ in the classroom.3 苏海英语说得很好。Su Hai _ _ very _.4.高小姐教英语。Miss Gao _ _.5.我父亲起得很早。 My father _ _ early.6.我们非常喜欢英语。We _ English _ _.7.他常常步行去上学。He usua
29、lly _ _ _ _ _.8.他努力学习英语。 He _ _ hard.9.她学英语吗？ _ she _ _?10.他是做什么工作的？ _ is his _?11.他不在家里做作业。 He _ _ _ _ at home.12.我们星期天不去学。 We _ _ _ _ on Sundays.13.他经常十点钟睡觉。He often _ _ _ _ _ .14.有时我五点钟起床。 Sometimes, I _ _ _ _.15.他们早上七点钟去上学。They _ _ _ at seven _ _ _.打一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _
30、 make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_do_ teach_二、用 am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at
31、home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they? 11. That _ my red skirt. 12. Who _ I? 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14.Here _ a scarf for you. 15. Here _ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves _ for
32、 Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea _ in the glass. 20. Gao Shans shirt _ over there. 21. My sisters name _Nancy. 22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. 23. _ David and Helen from England? 24. There _ a girl in the room. 25. There _ some apples on the tree. 26. _ there any kites i
33、n the classroom? 27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. There _ some bread on the plate. 29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I _ from China.三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. David and Tom _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch)
34、 TV on Monday.4. Mike _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the b
35、ottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the ev
36、ening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.四、按照要求改写句子1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_4. Helen likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to
37、 school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _
