1、1小学英语动词、词组、句型汇总归纳由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：一.动词+介词1.look at看，look like 看上去像，look after 照料2.listen to听3.welcome to欢迎到4.say hello to 向问好5.speak to对说话此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。如：This is my new bike. Please look it after.()This is my new bike. Please look after it.()二.动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分
2、为两类：A.动词(vt.)+副词1.put on 穿上 2.take off 脱下 3.write down 记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。试比较：First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. ()First listen to the answer, then write down it.()First listen to the answer, then write it down.()B.动词(vi)+副词e on赶快
3、2.get up起床 3.go home回家 e in进来 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up 起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。三.其它类动词词组21.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games.介词短语聚焦“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将 Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。1.in+语
4、言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着。如：in English，in the hat2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在排/队/班级/年级”等。3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5.in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。如：There are some in the tree. There are man
5、y apples on the trees.6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。如：Therere four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall.7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。8.at + 时刻表示钟点。如：at six, at half , past ten.9.like this/that表示方式，意为“像这/那样”。10.of短语表示所属关系。如：a picture
6、of a classroom, a map of China.11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。如：beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree.12.from与 to多表示方向，前者意为“从”，后者意为“到”。如：from one to ten, (go) to school/ bed/ work.3另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on on
7、es bike等。重点句型汇总1.I think意为“我认为”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用 I dont think，如：I think hes Mr Zhinag. (L17)I dont think you are right.2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把给”，动词 give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb. 如：His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to
8、him. Give it to Mr Hu.(L57)3.take sb./ sth. to意为“把(送)带到”，后常接地点，也可接人。如：Please take the new books to the classroom.4.One, the other/One isand one is意为“一个是;另一个是”，必须是两者中。如：One is red and one is grey.(L50)或 One is red, the other is grey.5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带 to的动词不定式，其否定式为 Dont let sb，do st
9、h.，或 Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Lets 与 Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，如：Lets go for a walk./Let us try once more, please.6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换。如：Let me help you find it.(L42)/Let me help you with it.7.What about?/How about?意为“怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方
10、的观点、意见、看法等。about 为介词，其后须接名词、代词或 V-ing等形式。如：What/How playing chess?48.Its time to do/ Its time for sth. 意为“该做的时间了”，其中 to后须接原形动词，for 后可接名词或 V-ing形式。如：Its time to have supper. =Its time for supper.9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事 ”，如：Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house. (L 43
11、)前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，试比较：Tom likes swimming, but doesnt like to swim this afternoon.10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中 ask sb.后应接动词不定式，如：Ask your friends to guess what is in it. (L44)11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第 2点。如：Show your friend your family photo.(L36)/Show your family photo to your friend.12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。如：Introduce your family to her.
