1、2011 年 1 月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学 问卷课程代码 06422）I.Blank-filling (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word ,whose initial letter has been given.1. The 3 branches of phonetics are labeled articulatory phonetics ,auditory phonetics ,and a_ phonetics.2. When 2 different forms are identical in every way exce
2、pt for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings ,they are said to be in a m_ pair .3. R_ motivation refers to the fact that learners learn a second language for external purposes .4. Later Noam Chomsky prefers this innate endowment as UG ,i.e. U_ Grammar.5. In “NP （Deg )A(pp)“
3、, the dots in the rule indicate that other c_ options are available .6. The articulatory apparatus of human being are contained in 3 important areas :the p_ cavity，the oral cavity ,and the nasal cavity.7. L_ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community .8.
4、 H_ refers to the sense relation between a more general ,more inclusive word and a more specific word .9. The description of a language at a given point in time is a s_ study.10. The study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication is called p_.11. The structure c
5、orresponding to the final syntactic output of the sentence which results from appropriate transformations is called s_ structure.12. The term d_, first used by Ferguson in 1959,refers to a sociolinguistic situation similar to bilingualism .13. Learners independent system of the second language which
6、 is of neither the second language is known as i_.14. The sound pin pit is pronounced with a strong puff of air, which is said to be a_.15. C_ model states that in word comprehension words are analyzed by hearers from beginning to end.16. S_ is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic f
7、orm and is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form .17. Major lexical categories are Noun, Verb , Adjective , and P_.18. S_ is the sub-field of linguistics that studies the relation between linguistic and society between the uses of language and social structures.19. P_ is concerne
8、d with the progress of language comprehension and production.20. Linguistics studies not any particular language ,but languages in g_.II. Multiple choice(20%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. _refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are for
9、med .A.Syntax B. Etymology C. Lexicology D. Morphology22. _ aims to discover how speech sounds in a language form patterns and how these sounds are used to convey meaning in linguistic communication .A. Phonetics B. Phonemics C. Phonology D. Phonotactics 23. Language _ refers to a natural ability fo
10、r learning a second language.A. aptitude B. competence C. performance D. attitude 24. _ is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional ,social, gender, and age variations .A. Idiolect B. Pidgin C. Sociolect D. Creole 25. A(n) _ is a word formed by combining
11、parts of other words , e.g. smog .A. back -formation B. blend C. abbreviation D. clipping 26. The traditional and the only way to study the brain in the past was through _ studies .A. experimental B. surgical C. autopsy D. observational 27._ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meani
12、ngs have the same form ,i.e. Different words are identical in sound or spelling ,or in both .A. Polysemy B. Synonym C. Homophone D. Homonymy 28.The arrow in the phrase structure rule “SNP VP “ is read as _.A. is equal to B. generates C. has D. consists of 29._ of neighbouring sound is , for the most
13、 part ,caused by articulatory or physiological progress .A. Assimilation B. Formalization C. Derivation D. Patterning 30.The drive that people learn a foreign language because of the wish to identify with the target culture is called _ motivation .A. instrumental B. resultative C. integrative D. int
14、rinsic 31There are different types of affixes pr morphemes .The affix “ed“ in the word “learned“ is known as a(n) _.A.derivational morpheme B. free morpheme C. inflectional morpheme D. free form 32.If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyzed the language people actually use ,it is said to be
15、 _A. descriptive B. prescriptive C. synchronic D. diachronic 33.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by _ in 1957.A. L. Bloomfield B. F. Saussure C. N. Chomsky D.M.A.K Halliday 34. Of the following sound combination ,only _ is permissible according to the sequential rules in English .A
16、. mible B. bmil C. imlb D. ilbm 35 Which of the following English words is formed by clipping ?A. smog B.UNESCO C. baby-sit D. disco 36 Of the following words ,_ belongs to the open class word .A. emai B. but C. the D. they 37 The sense relation for the pair of words “doctor and patient “is _A. syno
17、nymy B. hyponymy C. antonymy D. homonymy 38 In learning a foreign language,instances of mother tongue interference can be found act the level of _.A. pronunciation B. vocabulary C. syntax D. all of the above 39 According to F .de Saussure,_ refers to the system of language .A. langue B. parole C. co
18、mpetence D. performance 40.The utterance “We re already working 25 hours a day, 8 days a week “ obviously violates the maxim of _A. quality B. quantity C. relation D. manner III. True of false judgement (20%)Judge whether the following statements are true or false .Write T in ye corresponding bracke
19、t for a true statement and F for a false one .41.Damage to parts of the brain in front of the central sulcus will cause fluent aphasia .42.D-structure is formed by the XP rule in accordance with the heads supercanonization properties .43.An illocution act is the act performed by or resulting from sa
20、ying something .It is the consequence of the utterance .44.The LAD was described as an imaginary “black box “which is said to contain rules that are specific only to human languages .45.Componential analysis is a way proposed by the structure semantics to analyze lexical word meaning .46.Garden path
21、 sentence is an awkward sentence that misleads the speakers and takes them down the garden path to a wrong direction .47.Acronyms are words derives from the initials and ending of several words .48. Diglossia refers to the dialect having to do with separation brought about by different social condit
22、ions.49.In daily life people often see the situation in which adult speak differently when talking to little children ,they use a special speech called motherese.50.Phonology is the study of how speech sounds are produced by human speech organsIV. Explain the following notions briefly (25%)51.broad
23、transcription vs narrow transcription52.selection restriction53.speech act theory54.Critical Period Hypothesis 55.Draw a tree diagram for the surface structure of “A man will find the dog“V. Write a passage of 120-150 words on the following topic .(15%)56. What are the major views concerning the stu
24、dy of meaning ?部分参考答案：1. acoustic 2. minimal 3. Resultative 4. Universal 5. complement 6. pharyngeal 7. Langue 8. Hyponymy 9.synchronic 10. pragmatics11.surface 12. diaglossia 13. Interlanguage 14. aspirated 15. Cohort16. Sense 17. Preposition 18. Siciolinguistics 19. Psycholinguistics 20. general21
25、. D 22.C 23.A 24.A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28.D 29. A 30.C 31. C 32.A 33.C 34. A 35.D 36. A 37. C 38.D 39.A 40.A41.F 42.F 43. F 44.T 45.T 46. F 47. F 48.F 49. T 50.F2011 年 10 月广东省高等教育自学考试英语语言学 问卷（课程代码 06422）I.Blank-filling (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been given.
26、1. The totality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his linguistic r_.2. I_ motivation refers to learners learning the second language for enjoyment or pleasure from learning.3. The phonetic transcription, n_ transcription ,is normally used by phoneticians to give minute a
27、nd detailed descriptions of speech sounds.4. The way that new words are coined from already existing words by “subtracting ” an affix thought to be part of the old word is called b_.5. The meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components called semantic f_.6. In addition to social changes,
28、 one of the most pervasive sources of language change seems to be the continual process of cultural t_ across generations.7. P_ is the study of sounds used in linguistic communication.8. When the vocal cords are drawn wide apart to let air go through without vibration, the sounds thus produced are v
29、_.9. The social group that is singled out for any special study is named as the s_ community.10. According to N. Chomsky, c_ refers to the ideal user s knowledge of the rules of his language .11. P_ refers to the realization of langue in actual use.12. The notion of c_ is essential to the pragmatic
30、study of language.13. Damage to parts of the left cortex behind the central sulcus results in a type of aphasia called f_ aphasia.14. The c_ view of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from or reduce meaning to observable contexts.15. Lexical d_ task is a kind of experime
31、nt psycholinguistics employ to investigate lexical access.16. A theory which explicitly employs the notion “concept ”is the semantic t_ proposed by Ogden and Richards in their book The Meaning of Meaning.17. Clear l and dark l are allophones of the same one phoneme /l/. They never take the same posi
32、tion in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in c_ distribution.18. Since there are often intermediate forms between the two members of an antonymous pair, so they are called g_ antonyms.19. S_ is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.20. A t_ experiment is a technique t
33、hat is used to study the determinants of sentence processing difficulty.II. Multiple choice(15%)Choose the best answer to the following items.21. Changes in a language are changes in the grammar of the speakers of the language. This means that phonemes,_, words and grammatical rules may be borrowed
34、, added , lost or altered.A. phrases B. sentences C. morphemes D. utterance 22. The consonant f in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic features :A. voiceless, bilabial, stop B. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced , bilabial, stop D. voiced, labiodental, fricati
35、ve23.The study of language as a whole is often called _.A. universal linguistics B. common linguistics C. prescriptive linguistics D. general linguistics 24.In the phrase structure rule “SNP VP”， the arrow can be read as _.A. is equal to B. consists of C. has D. generates25.The illocutionary point o
36、f _is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.A. representatives B. commissives C. expressives D declarations 26.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by _ in 1957.A. L. Bloomfield B. F. Saussure C. N. Chomsky D.M.A.F. Halliday27._ motivation occurs when the learne
37、r desires to learn a second language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.A. Instrumental B. Functional C. Integrative D. Social28.While different words may have the same or similar meaning , the same word may have more than one meaning. This kind of words are called _.A. polysemi
38、c words B. homographs C. homonyms D. synonyms29.The term _ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language changes over various periods of time and at various historical stages.A. synchronic B. diachronic C. comparative D. historical comparative30.Speech act t
39、heory was originated with the British philosopher _ in the late 50s of the 20th century.A. M.A.F. Halliday B. L. Bloomfield C . J. Searle D. J. Austin31.If the linguistic study aims to lay down rules for correct and standard behavior in using language ,it is said to be _.A. descriptive B. prescripti
40、ve C. synchronic D. diachronic32.In the case of spit, the consonant p is said to be _.A. aspirated B. voiced C. unaspirated D. unprounceable 33.What the element “-es ” indicates is third person singular ,present tense ,the element “-ed ” past tense, and “-ing ”progressive aspect .Since they are the
41、smallest units of language and meaningful ,they are also _.A. phonemes B. phones C. allophones D. morphemes34.Synoymous are classified into several kinds .This kind to which girl and lass belong is called _ synonyms.A. stylistic B. dialectal C. emotive D. collocational35.In a speech community People
42、 have something in common _: a language or a particular variety of language and rules for using it.A.socially B. linguistically C. culturally D. pragmaticallyIII. True of false judgement (20%)36. The interactionist view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay between the hu
43、man characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops .37. A creole is said to be formed when a pidgin has become the primary language of a speech community ,and is acquired by the children of that speech community as their native language .38. Garden path sentence is an a
44、wkward sentence that misleads the speakers and takes them down the garden path to a wrong direction .39. A phoneme is the smallest linguistic unit of sound that can distinguish two words .40. Register refers to the type of utterance which is selected as appropriate to the type oftypology .41. Phonol
45、ogy studies the functioning of the speech sounds.42. Predication analysis was proposed by the British linguist J. Searle to analyze the meaning of utterance .43. Specifiers have both special semantic and syntactic roles since they help make more precise the meaning of the head and mark a phrase boun
46、dary.44. Different language offer people different ways of expressing the world around, they think and speak differently, this is also known as linguistic relativity.45. Metacognitive strategies deal with the wayside learners interact or communicate with other speakers, native or non-native .IV. Exp
47、lain the following notions briefly (25%)46. derivational morpheme47. IPA( International Phonetic Alphabet)48. cultural transmission49. Deep Structure vs. Surface Structure50. The naming theory V. Essay question (20%)51. According to Austin ,what are the three acts a person is possibly performing while making
